Planning for participants' varying needs and abilities in qualitative research

All people vary in this needs, abilities and interests. Yet, typical research practices do not account for these variations, likely impacting who participants in research studies. Combined with the lack of attention to disability in many physics education research (PER) studies, PER often does not seek out or possibly allow for full participation by disabled people. In this talk, we explore how a research team can use principles from Universal Design for Learning and the Variation Planning Tool to anticipate expectations of ability and create flexible options in a qualitative research study. We then use a case study approach to explore how different interview practices impact three participants, who all self-identified with an attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder diagnosis. We end the talk with takeaways for other qualitative researchers and physics education researchers in general.