Experimental study on the effect of gravity on water jets

A free falling water jet under gravity become unstable while flowing vertically downstream and ultimately breakup into disjoint droplets due to many factors acts on it. Moreover, a clean distilled water jet flowing under gravity is allowed to impinge on the surface of deep water reservoir contaminated with tide detergent, a fluid pipe is formed on the jet extends up to some height from the surface of reservoir. The capillary waves appeared above the fluid pipe and the bulbous below which join the fluid pipe to the reservoir. We performed the experiment using photography method to measure the fluid pipe height H at various jet length L, flow rate Q and nozzle inner radius r₀ for a concentration c = 5 mg cm^-3 of tide-detergent-water solutions in order to study the effect of acceleration due to gravity on the vertically flowing down water jets. We compare our experimental results of dimensionless fluid pipe height H/aRe with the values of approximate expression using f₁ = 2.73/We_d² and f₂ = 2.73(1 + 25.1/We_d + 0.879/SWe_d²)^-1/We_d² deduced by Hancock and Bush.