Learning in giant, network-shaped but single-celled Physarum

Simple life forms reduced in complexity to a single cell spotlight the roadmap on the emergence of learning. Here, in particular the slime mold Physarum polycephalum with its network-shaped body plan reminisces of neural network as input is analogously integrated into network link strength. Yet, contrary to neural networks direct observation of Physarum's link dynamics is possible opening the opportunity to quantify its learning dynamics. Employing live observation of Physarum in combination with theoretical modelling we uncover the physical laws of link adaptation dynamics in response to input in Physarum. Our findings suggest that cell wall mechanics act as mechanical integrators of past information and thus learning.