Unraveling Prey Evasion Mechanisms: Interactive Experiments With Zebrafish

Predator-prey interactions are fundamental drivers of population dynamics and evolutionary adaptation. However, traditional studies of these interactions have been limited by their inability to capture dynamic predator-prey interactions in controlled settings, relying on either uncontrolled field observations or laboratory studies lacking real-time predator-prey feedback.

We developed an interactive real-time experimental system using computer vision to study zebrafish (Danio rerio) escape response sequences. Our system achieves low processing latencies, enabling precise manipulation of simulated predator encounters while recording behavioral responses in high speed cameras.

The system revealed that zebrafish escape behaviors are not isolated events but rather sequential responses where each maneuver might influence subsequent actions. This approach bridges the gap between controlled laboratory studies and natural behavior, allowing us to understand temporal patterns in escape sequences, showing how prey adjust their strategies during extended pursuit while dealing with sensory-motor delays.