Three Dimensional structures determine fast dynamics between distal loci pairs in Interphase Chromosomes

Live-cell imaging shows chromatin loci exhibit subdiffusive and coherent motion, yet a comprehensive biophysical understanding is lacking. Quantitative predictions of chromatin motion are essential for understanding processes like promoter-enhancer communication. To address this, we developed a theoretical model using a maximum-entropy approach. Our model uses Hi-C contact maps or fixed-cell imaging data to accurately predict two-point chromatin dynamics observed in recent experiments. It uncovers a novel scaling relationship between two-point relaxation time and genomic separation, aligning with recent experiments but differing from simpler models like the Rouse and crumpled globule. This framework predicts chromatin motion from static data, reinforcing that three-dimensional chromosome structure dictates dynamics. By linking chromatin structure and dynamics, our model opens avenues for exploring chromatin behavior and may inform future studies on genome organization and regulation.