The Emergence of Quantum Mechanics in the Early Big Bang-Hadron Era based on Action Minimization, Electrodynamics and Electric Charge Quantization: The Physical Meaning of the Quantum Fine Structure Constant
ORAL
Abstract
Based on the concept of the Big Bang of the universe being governed by the principles of Minimization of Action and Minimization of rate of Entropy production in a the Very Early Universe, where the expansion of Spacetime was superluminal, both QM (Quantum Mechanics) and electrodynamics can be seen to be emergent rather than foundational, with both being a consequence of electric charge quantization , leading to the Electric Unit of action e2/c and electromagnetism in an expanding spacetime. Postulating the appearance of the "Electrically Entangled" electron charge quanta, which are identified as 5th dimensional vectors in a Kaluza-Klein mathematical framework, both plus and minus, at very Early times in the Big Bang, plus the existence of electromagnetic fields around those charges, the superluminal expansion of spacetime prevents electrodynamics and thus EM radiation. This epoch is postulated to end with the formation of the proton in the Hadron Era , along with the Planck Quantum of action h' =h/2pi. The three quarks form, with the electron, a Minkowski four vector (1), and the highly entropic dynamics of the quarks within the proton giving rise to entropy in the EM field under cosmic isothermal conditions with a temperature defined by Electrodynamics of the quarks interior to the proton rather than electrodynamic scattering between widely separated subatomic particles. The appearance of a larger unit of action than e^2/c :h' thus mirrors the appearance of a larger unit of stable rest mass, the proton. This correlation is confirmed by the central place of the Lenz (1951) proton/electron mass ratio expression: 6pi^5 in the highly accurate Wyler (1969) formula , now physically derived (2) for 1/alpha = 80/3pi (6pi^5/45)^3/4 .The emergent character of the Planck Quantum of Action is suggested to explain the unfeasibility of quantization of GR (General Relativity) to higher orders and with GR and EM, with Electric Charge Quantization, being the foundation on which QM is built (3)
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Publication: 1. Brandenburg, J. E. (2023) "A PHYSICAL ANALYSIS OF THE KALUZA-KLEIN AND SAKHAROV-PUTHOFF MODELS OF GRAVITY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GEM (GRANDIS ET MEDIANIS) FIELD UNIFICATION THEORY Fundamental Journal of Modern Physics, Volume 20, Issue 1, Pages 1 – 35<br>2. J.E. Brandenburg , Abstract: J01.00008 : A Physical Derivation of Wyler's Formula for the Inverse Fine Structure Constant. ,2024 APS Annual Meeting of the Far West Section October 25–26,2024;Arcata,CA<br>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/385530806_Calculation_of_alpha_via_the_Steffan_Boltzmann_Radiation_Law<br><br>3.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/386424983_The_Emergence_of_Quantum_Mechanics_from_Electromagnetism_and_Charge_Quantization