Energy extraction through magnetic reconnction from a rotating charged black hole in perfect fluid dark matter

In this work, we provide a thorough analysis of energy extraction via magnetic reconnection, a novel mechanism recently proposed by Comisso and Asenjo, for a Kerr-Newman black hole immersed in a perfect fluid dark matter (PFDM) background. Our studies focus on the impact of black hole spin a, electric charge Q and PFDM parameter λ on the horizons, ergoregion and circular geodesics at the equatorial plane of this black hole, and how they further influence the reconnection efficiency and energy extraction rate. Our results show that the size of ergoregion does not vary monotonically with increasing dark matter parameters λ, but it can significantly increase at faster spins as the dark matter parameter λ decreases. We identify the optimal conditions for the combination of a, Q and λ that enable efficient energy extraction even when the black hole is not rapidly spinning. The rotating charged black hole in PFDM allows for achieving high energy extraction rates comparable to those of most previously studied rotating black holes, which typically require near-extremal spin to reach similar efficiency levels.