Allowed Spins of Vector Particles

Although Roman[1] and Weinberg[2], using group theory, have determined that vector particles can have spin 1 or spin 0, the scientific community has largely overlooked the existence of spin-0 vector particles. Perkins[3] has formed a spin-0 vector particle by combining a fermion and an antifermion. This is relevant because results of several experiments conducted during the late 1950s and early 1960s indicated that pions and kaons carry directional information from asymmetries in their decays. It is worth noting that these experiments were performed by five distinct research groups and demonstrated that pions possess directional attributes with very small statistical uncertainty. During the 1950s and 1960s, the prevailing scientific consensus held that a particle could only be classified as a vector particle if it had spin equal to 1. Since it was firmly established that pions possess spin equal to 0, scientists dismissed the observed pi-mu asymmetry results. With the knowledge that pions and kaons can be a vector particles with spin-0, we propose new experiments that can determine whether pions and kaons are indeed vector particles.

[1] P. Roman, Theory of Elementary Particles, North-Holland, Amsterdam (1960), p. 99.

[2] S. Weinberg, The Quantum Theory of Fields, Volume I: Foundations, University Press, Cambridge (1995), p. 208.

[3] W. A. Perkins, "Massive vector particles with spin zero", EPL (Europhysics Letters), 114 (2016) 41002.