Probing Neutrino Nature: The fascinating physics of Neutrinoless double beta decay

Neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) is a hypothetical nuclear process that, if observed, would have profound implications for particle physics and our understanding of neutrinos. This talk will provide an overview of the physics behind 0νββ and its significance including the connection between 0νββ and the nature of neutrinos as Majorana particles, how 0νββ violates lepton number conservation, and the relationship between 0νββ and neutrino mass scales. The talk will also discuss how 0νββ sits at the intersection of particle physics, nuclear physics, and experimental techniques and discuss the current experimental approaches and challenges in searching for 0νββ, and the status of leading 0νββ experiments. The combination of diverse experimental approaches, each with its own strengths and challenges, provides a robust strategy for the search for neutrinoless double beta decay. This multi-pronged effort increases the chances of a potential discovery and allows for independent confirmation across different isotopes and technologies.