Neutronics Simulations for Energy Extraction of a Direct Fusion Drive

Direct Fusion Drives (DFDs) hold potential for deep space missions by thrusting charged particles produced during fusion processes through an exhaust port via magnetic fields. Neutrons are also produced through fusion and carry significant kinetic energy. Neutral particles are unaffected by magnetic fields and can deposit energy into materials surrounding a DFD reactor core, which can be harnessed to generate power for the spacecraft. A DFD engine operating on deuterium-helium-3 (D-He3) fusion was simulated using the computing platform Geant4. Cylindrical geometries of varying materials and thicknesses were optimized for energy transfer to coolant materials while minimizing spacecraft mass and energy losses to the environment.