A Decade of Science with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole has realized a vision put forth more than six decades ago to use neutrinos as cosmic messengers to explore the universe. A cubic kilometer of glacial ice has been instrumented with over 5,000 optical sensors optimized to measure the Cherenkov light emitted from high energy particles interacting in ice. With this mechanism, IceCube targets mainly at measuring neutrinos with energies of 100s of GeV and above. These measured neutrinos are both atmospheric and astrophysical in nature. IceCube also detects muons produced from cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere. With more than a decade of data from IceCube, we have deepened our understanding of both the sources of these neutrinos, and the physics behind their interactions. From measuring the first PeV energy neutrinos to identifying the first sources of astrophysical neutrinos to the first observation of the Glashow resonance event, the science capabilities of IceCube has proven to be a wide range beyond the initial vision for a neutrino telescope. In this talk, I will discuss what we have learned with IceCube, the puzzles yet to be solved, and the exciting opportunities on the road ahead.