Effect of Gamma-Ray Irradiation on MoSe₂ 2D Nanoflakes

In recent years, emerging two-dimensional (2D) materials such as molybdenum diselenide (MoSe₂) has been at the center of attention for many researchers. This is due to its unique and fascinating physicochemical properties that make them attractive in space and defense applications that include shielding harsh irradiation environments. In this study, we examined the effects of gamma (γ)-rays at various doses on the structural, chemical, and optical properties of MoSe₂ layers. Scanning electron microscopy imaging did not show significant structural changes on the surface of MoSe₂ after irradiation. Raman, photoluminescence, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies were also employed to monitor vibrational and chemical changes in the irradiated samples at different dosages up to 100 kGy. When compared to the pristine materials, very few changes in optical or chemical properties were typically observed, indicating an exceptional stability, even at high doses of gamma radiation. These findings highlight the inherent resilience of MoSe₂ in hostile radioactive conditions, which spur additional research into their optical, electrical, and structural characteristics as well as exploration for potential space, energy, and defense applications.