Hydrodynamics with helical symmetry

We present the hydrodynamics of fluids in three spatial dimensions with helical symmetry, wherein

only a linear combination of a rotation and translation is conserved in one of the three directions.

The hydrodynamic degrees of freedom consist of scalar densities (e.g. energy or charge) along with

two velocity fields transverse to the helical axis when the corresponding momenta are conserved.

Nondissipative hydrodynamic coefficients reminiscent of chiral vortical coefficients arise. We write

down microscopic Hamiltonian dynamical systems exhibiting helical symmetry, and we demonstrate

using kinetic theory that these systems will generically exhibit the new helical phenomena that we

predicted within hydrodynamics. We also confirm our findings using modern effective field theory

techniques for hydrodynamics. We postulate regimes where pinned cholesteric liquid crystals may

possess transport coefficients of a helical fluid, which appear to have been overlooked in previous

literature.