ELEMENTARY DESCRIPTION OF BOSE EINSTEIN CONDENSATE.

Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) is the dilute Boson gas state of matter cooled to a temperature very close to absolute zero (that is, very close to 0 K or -273.16 °C). Under such conditions, most bosons occupy the lowest quantum state where macroscopic quantum phenomena become visible. This condition was first generally predicted by Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein in 1924-25. This transition to BE occurs below the critical temperature applied to homogeneous three-dimensional gases composed of non-interacting particles with no apparent internal degrees of freedom.

Satyendra Nath Bose was the first to send Einstein a paper on the quantum statistics of light quanta (now called photons). Einstein was so impressed by his derivation of Planck's law of quantum radiation without reference to classical physics that he translated the essay from English into German. Einstein then extended Bose's ideas further in his two papers. The result of their efforts is the concept of a Bose gas, governed by Bose and his Einstein statistics, which describes the statistical distribution of identical integer spin particles (now called bosons) that can share quantum states.

Despite these tremendous advances, such phenomena produced by BEC states are still primarily considered a laboratory curiosity, and practical technological applications of these exotic states is apparently still a long way off Nevertheless, finding new ways to control light may pave the way for protocols that use light in this manner to store and transmit information much more efficiently and at lower power than contemporary methods. Moreover, there are the as yet unexploited profound theoretical ramifications surrounding such developments pertaining to further demonstrations of the contextual aspects of nature in the quantum arena. The mere fact that in the BEC state atoms mimic the coherent nature of photons in a laser provides an important clue to certify this connection. Also, through proper appreciation of this connection, certain technology implemented may provide us with a more profound understanding of the primordial nature of light itself. This concept can actually be used as a quantum simulator in which we can observe the quantum mass detection of particles.