Universal deterministic quantum operations in microwave quantum links (Part 1)

We present a scheme for the implementation of deterministic quantum operations in a quantum network [1]. For that, we consider a setup inspired in state-of-the-art experiments based on superconducting circuits connected via microwave quantum links [2], [3]. We find that input-output theory works well beyond its usual regime of applicability and characterize the imperfections arising from often overlooked effects, such as non-linear dispersion relation of the waveguide and Lamb shifts. By employing a pulse-shaping protocol, we focus on quantum state transfer and photon scattering, which are the building blocks for the implementation of quantum operations (see part II). Even in the absence of decoherence effects, we find that these imperfections limit the performance when either few or many modes of the waveguide are relevant, as demonstrated with detailed numerical simulations and semi-analytical expressions. In addition, we show that pulse-shaping protocols allow for a better quantum state transfer than adiabatic protocols.

[1] G. F. Penas, R. Puebla, T. Ramos, P. Rabl, J.-J. Garcia-Ripoll, arXiv:2110:02092.

[2] P. Magnard, et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 260502 (2020)

[3] H.-S. Chang et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 240502 (2020)