Magnitude and Spatial Distribution Control of the Supercurrent in Bi₂O₂Se-Based Josephson Junction

Many proposals for exploring topological quantum computation are based on superconducting quantum devices constructed on materials with strong spin−orbit coupling (SOC). For these devices, full control of both the magnitude and the spatial distribution of the supercurrent is highly demanded, but has been elusive up to now. We constructed a proximity-type Josephson junction on nanoplates of Bi₂O₂Se, a new emerging semiconductor with strong SOC. Through electrical gating, we show that the supercurrent can be fully turned ON and OFF, and its real-space pathways can be configured either through the bulk or along the edges. Our work demonstrates Bi₂O₂Se as a promising platform for constructing multifunctional hybrid superconducting devices as well as for searching for topological superconductivity.