Water in electric field: bulk and interfacial cases comparison

Water is not only a substance No.1, but also a media of electromagnetic waves propagation on different scales from the molecular to the global [1]. We report anomalous high dc conductivity of interfacial water, five orders of magnitude higher than that of the bulk water, which was detected in nano-pores of diamond from 5 µm to 5 nm in diameter [2]. We also report on the experimental detection of short-lived ionic species in bulk water [3], which dramatically changes our understanding of the water dynamics at ultrashort timescale. We show that short-living ions, with concentrations of 2%, coexist with long-living pH-active ions.
References:
[1] V. G. Artemov, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 21, 8067 (2019)
[2] V. G. Artemov, E. Uykur, P. O. Kapralov, A. Kiselev, K. Stevenson, H. Ouerdane, M. Dressel, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 11, 3623-3628 (2020)
[3] V. G. Artemov, E. Uykur, S. Roh, A. Pronin, H. Ouerdane, and M. Dressel, Sci. Rep., 10, 11320 (2020)