Direct biomolecules conjugation electrochemical probe development by active palladium nano-thin-film nano-structure for cancer and virus development

Electrochemical sensor has been recognized as a rapid and sensitive approach for biosensing. The specific functional molecules were conjugated to the working electrodes played the vital role for biosensing. Conventional bioconjugation needed complicated process. Here, we have developed an ITO protected Pd nano-thin-film which was coated on the PET substrate probe (Pd NTF-PET). XDR and SEM studies indicated that the Pd surface contains (1,1,1) structure, nano-islands on the Pd surface. These indicated that the film growth might follow Stranski-Krastanov model. These nanostructures made bio-molecules which bound to the working electrodes directly. EIS analysis indicated that both cancer marker or virus binding proteins were immobilized on the Pd NTF-PET electrodes directly, within 15-30 mins. The limit of detection (LOD) of these biosensors was as low as 0.1 ng per-test in 1 µl. In summary, we have developed a stable and surface active Pd NTF-PET electrode with unique functional structure, for biosensing applications.