Effect of interactions in the interference pattern of Bose-Einstein condensates

Understanding the effect of interactions in the phase evolution of expanding atomic Bose-Einstein condensates is fundamental to describing the basic phenomenon of matter wave interference. Many theoretical and experi- mental works tackled this problem, always with the implicit assumption that the mutual interaction between two expanding condensates rigidly modifies the phase evolution through an effective force. In this paper, we present a combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the interference profile of expanding 87Rb condensates, with a specific focus on the effect of interactions. We come to the different conclusion that the mutual interaction produces local modifications of the condensate phase only in the region where the wave packets overlap.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.102.043314