Harvesting force and energy from the thermal motion of gas molecules

This presentation will describe a few methods for producing force and energy from the thermal motion of gas molecules. The force that exerts to a surface by the gas molecules in collision with the surface is due to the change of the momentum of the gas molecules. For an elastic collision, there is no lost in the kinetic energy of the gas molecule. The rebound speed is the same as the initial speed. However, for a real system, there is always lost or gain in the kinetic energy in the collision. The force exerted to the surface by the gas molecule in collision with the surface will be smaller if there is kinetic energy lost in the collision because lower rebound speed. We may design a high-lost surface and a low-lost surface to produce a net force, to do work with this force, and at the same time to lower the gas temperature which could be maintained by absorbing the heat from external source. The net result is transfer the heat to work which can be used to, for example, generate electricity, without producing the waste heat. The force can also be used as propulsion means, or to lift weight against the gravity, for example elevating the vehicle of the hyper-loop, without consuming any energy.