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Gain calibration of a cryogenic amplification chain using normal-metal–insulator–superconductor junctions

ORAL

Abstract

To achieve a high-efficiency readout in a low-temperature microwave circuit using both cryogenic and room temperature electronics, the signal has to go through one or more amplifiers to obtain a reasonable signal-to-noise ratio. In practice, the readout line has additional losses and reflections due to different microwave components which hinder the gain estimation.
We present a gain calibration scheme [1] that utilizes a normal-metal–insulator–superconductor junction, which is capacitively coupled to a superconducting microwave resonator [2]. Depending on the bias voltage applied to the junction, the nanostructure can be employed as a quantum-circuit refrigerator [3] or as an incoherent photon source [4]. For the latter case, we derive an analytic expression for the total gain that is based on only a single fitting parameter. We present our experimental results where we reach 0.1 dB relative uncertainty of the total gain in a three-stage amplification chain.

[1] - E. Hyyppä et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 114, 192603 (2019)
[2] - M. Silveri et al. Phys. Rev. B 9, 96, 094524 (2017)
[3] - K. Y. Tan et al. Nat. Commun 8, 15189 (2017)
[4] - S. Masuda et al. Sci. Rep. 8, 3966 (2018)

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Presenters

  • Máté Jenei

    QCD Labs, QTF Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University

Authors

  • Máté Jenei

    QCD Labs, QTF Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University

  • Eric Hyyppä

    QCD Labs, QTF Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University

  • Shumpei Masuda

    QCD Labs, QTF Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Tokyo Medical and Dental University

  • Kuan Yen Tan

    QCD Labs, QTF Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University

  • Vasilii Sevriuk

    IQM Finland Oy, QCD Labs, QTF Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, QCD Labs, Aalto University

  • Matti Silveri

    Research Unit of Nano and Molecular Systems, University of Oulu, QCD Labs, Aalto University, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University

  • Jan Goetz

    IQM Finland Oy, QCD Labs, QTF Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University

  • Matti Partanen

    QCD Labs, QTF Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Walther-Meissner-Institut, Munich, Germany, Walther-Meißner-Institut & Technische Universtät München, Germany, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University

  • Russell Lake

    National Institute of Standards and Technology Boulder, QCD Labs, QTF Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, QCD Labs, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Bluefors

  • Leif Grönberg

    VTT Micro & Nanoelectronics, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, QTF Center of Excellence, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT Techical Research Center of Finland Ltd.

  • Mikko Mottonen

    IQM Finland Oy, QCD Labs, QTF Center of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, QCD Labs, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto University, QCD Labs, Aalto University, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University