Z₂ topological quantum spin liquids with only two-body Ising interactions and transverse fields

In the recent study[1], the authors proposed a generalization of the transverse-field Ising model which can realize the Z₂ gauge theory with only simple two-body interaction. The deconfined phase in the Z₂ gauge model is the topologically ordered phase that is protected against any local perturbation. The model is also interesting in the sense that it can be implemented in the D-Wave Chimera-lattice structure. Here, we study the model using exact diagonalization and stochastic series expansion quantum Monte Carlo. We present our simulation results of the transition between the confined phase and deconfined phase that support the theoretical prediction.
[1] Claudio Chamon, Dmitry Green and Zhi-Cheng Yang, arXiv:1908.04791