Positivity of the Spectral Densities of Retarded Floquet Green Functions

Periodically driven nonequilibrium many-body systems are interesting because they have quasi-energy spectra, which can be tailored by controlling the external driving fields. We derive the general spectral representation of retarded Green functions in the Floquet regime, thereby generalizing the well-known Lehmann representation from equilibrium many-body physics. The derived spectral Floquet representation allows us to prove the non-negativity of spectral densities and to determine exact spectral sum rules, which can be employed to benchmark the accuracy of approximations to the exact Floquet many-body Green functions.

This work appears in Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 130604 (2019).