Doppler Functional Imaging of Cancer Drug Sensitivity in Living Tumor Biopsies

Biodynamic imaging is a deep-tissue digital holography imaging technique that captures the response of living tissue to applied therapeutics. Biodynamic metrics can predict patient clinical response with high accuracy. However, evaluating drug responses on a sample basis has high variance because of the underlying sample heterogeneity related to tissue features. We introduce a technique called tissue dynamics spectroscopic imaging (TDSI) to reveal drug response variations within small cubic millimeter biopsy samples. By performing tissue dynamics spectroscopy on a voxel basis and extracting biodynamic biomarkers, functional images are obtained of the heterogeneous spatial response of tumor tissue to anticancer drugs. Spatial maps of biodynamic biomarkers are created using a bivariate colormap to represent the spatial distribution of pairs of signed biomarkers. Time-lapse response maps provide further details into drug mechanisms.