Energy resolved many-body localization emulated with a superconducting quantum processor

Many-body localization (MBL) describes the regime where isolated matter in disorder environments is able to retain local quantum information at arbitrarily long times, evading thermal equilibrium that naturally occurs in generic quantum systems under their own dynamics. In most experimental studies, MBL has been investigated in various highly-controlled environments, ranging from ultracold atoms in optical lattices, trapped ions to, more recently, quantum processors implemented via superconducting qubits. In this work, taking advantages of the large degree of tunability of the latter platform and using up to 19 qubits, we report on an energy resolved MBL transition. Specifically, by preparing generic product states with different energies and monitoring the persistence of local information in real time dynamics, we are able, for the first time, to investigate the MBL transition at different energy densities, and show an energy resolved experimental MBL phase diagram. While controversies on the existence of many-body mobility edge still exist, due to the system fineteness amenable to classical computers, our investigation potentially opens a path to the final answer by direct quantum simulations.