Spinon Excitations and Entanglement Spectra of Z2 quantum spin liquids

Z2 quantum spin liquids are topologically ordered states endowed with spin rotational symmetry and lattice symmetry. The entanglement spectra of Z2 quantum spin liquids exhibit rich structure. Using short-range resonate-valence-bond (RVB) states as toy models [1], we show that the entanglement spectra contain signatures of spinons and their physical properties such as the quantum statistics and symmetry fractionalization pattern [2] could be extracted from the Schmidt states. References: [1] Didier Poilblanc, Norbert Schuch, David Perez-Garcia, and J. Ignacio Cirac, Phys. Rev. B 86, 014404 (2012). [2] Andrew M. Essin and Michael Hermele, Phys. Rev. B 87, 104406 (2013).