Electron phonon renormalization in N-doped graphene

Ramakrishna Podila; B.H. Eom; B.H. Eom; B.H. Eom; B.H. Eom

Electron phonon renormalization in N-doped graphene

ORAL

Abstract

Current research efforts are aimed at controlling the electronic properties graphene sheets using electron (or hole) doping for successful device fabrication. The presence of strong coupling between electronic and vibrational properties in graphene greatly assists Raman spectroscopy in probing the dopant-induced electronic energy changes. Previously, Raman spectroscopy was employed as a tool to probe the electron and phonon renormalization in doped single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT). It was found that the increase in electron velocity in?uences lattice vibrations locally near a negatively charged defect. These local renormalization effects were observed to result in a new effectively downshifted (up-shifted) Raman peak below the G' peak for n-doped (p-doped) SWNTs. In case of graphene, we find that the several Raman features for CVD grown N-doped graphene vary depending upon local dopant bonding environment. For instance, non-graphitic dopants (pyridinic, pyrrolic) were observed to result in highly intense D {\&} D'-band unlike the graphitic dopants. We explain these results in terms of the zig-zag (armchair) edges formed by graphitic (non-graphitic) bonding environment of the dopant.

March 1, 2012, 12:27 PM – March 1, 2012, 12:39 PM

Authors

Ramakrishna Podila

Clemson University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson SC 29634, Department of Physics, Clemson University
B.H. Eom

Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, University of Central Florida, NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Soft Matter Res, New York, NY 10003 USA, Aix Marseille Univ U1, IUSTI, CNRS, UMR Polytech Marseille 6595, F-13453 Marseille 13, France, Brandeis University, Intitut Laue Langevin, PMMH-ESPCI - University Pierre et Marie Curie, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Harvard Medical School, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook Univeristy, MPI for Dynamics and Self-Organization, University of South Florida, Department of Physics, UCR, Uppsala University, Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, UTMD Anderson, Department of Physics, University at Albany, SUNY, Osaka University - Japan, North Carolina State University, OEB, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, 02138 Cambridge, MA, USA, LJAD, UMR 6621 CNRS-UNS, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice cedex 2, France, Department of Botany, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611 USA, Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Northeastern U., Princeton U., LBNL and Princeton U., LANL and Northeastern U., UC Berkeley/LBNL, U of Michigan, National Tsing Hua U., Hsinchu, Taiwan and Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Condensed Matter Theory Laboratory, RIKEN, Department of Physics, University of Illinois, University of California Riverside, Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo \& CMGR and CERG, RIKEN-ASI, Department of Physics, Boston College, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee \& Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Virginia, Institute of Physics, University of Brasilia, Brazil, IBM TJ Watson Research Center, SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, UC Santa Barbara, Applied Physics Dept., Yale University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, University of Waterloo, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, NEC, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, MIT and MIT Lincoln Laboratory, NEC Corp. and RIKEN, Japan, IQC, University of Waterloo, and Perimeter Institute, Canada, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Japan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, UC Berkeley, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Univ of Maryland, NIST, Boulder, Univ de Sherbrooke, UC Berkeley, QNL, K.U.Leuven, Belgium, Materials Science, Cambridge Univ, UK, Physics, Univ of Oslo and Centre for Advanced Study, Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, DFQ/UNESP, Brazil, DF/UFSCar, Brazil, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Ames Laboratory, Stanford institute for materials and energy science, SLAC, Harvard, The Pennsylvania State University, Zhejiang University, University of South Alabama, Argonne National Laboratory USA, University of Oslo Norway, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Belgium, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Spain, Stanford University, University of Houston, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Dept., Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Excitation order research team, RIKEN SPing-8 Center, Pohang accelerator lab., Seoul National Unv., Yonsei Univ., SUNY at Buffalo, Physics and ECE, Duke University; 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Lab, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, CNRS, France, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA, ICMM, Spain, Helmholtz-Zentrum-Berlin f\"ur Materialen und Energie, Germany, University of Tennessee, Knoxville; Fudan University, China, University of Tennessee, Knoxville; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Tennessee, TN; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, Department of Physics, Nano-magnetism Research Center, Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Mesa+ Institute for Nanotechnology, EMAT Antwerp, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, UC Berkeley, Cornell University, Case Western Reserve University, Cornell University, Ris\o{}-DTU, Institut Laue Langevin, Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, MPI PKS, Dresden, Germany, Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang, Korea, MPI PKS, Dresden, Germany, Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, H-1525 Budapest, P.O.B. 49, Hungary, HH Wills Physics, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, University of Oxford, UK; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Japan, HH Wills Physics, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany; Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang, Korea, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics and PCTP, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea, University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez, Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, The Pennsylvania State University, Chemistry Department, Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Physics Department, Engineering Department, Cambridge University, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK, School of Physics \& Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK, Department of Electrical \& Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA, Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM 87801, USA, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA, Physics Dept and the Material Science Program, UVM, Burlington, VT, Chemistry Dept, UVM, Burlington, VT, Univ. of Sci. and Tech. of China, Harvard University, Univ. of Sci. and Tech. of China, National renewable Energy Lab, Penn State Behrend College, Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, The University of Tulsa, TU M\"unchen, Fritz-Haber-Institut, Berlin, Germany, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Denmark, ACQAO and Centre for Atom Optics and Ultrafast Spectroscopy, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China, Department of physics, UCSD, Department of physics, Tsinghua University, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Tulane University, NHMFL, Florida State University, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Department of Physics and Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, Theoretical division, Los Alamos National Laboratory 61097340, Rockefeller University, Department of Polymer Science \& Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, Intel Corporation, Hillboro, OR, NCL, DAMTP, University of Cambridge, Polymers Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Center for Soft Matter Research, New York University, Chemistry department, New York University, Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, ORNL, ENSCBP, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, NIST Center for Neutron Research, NIST, CARS, The University of Chicago, Queens University, Canada, Universit\"at Stuttgart, Germany, Universidad del Pa\'is Vasco, Stanford University, Dept of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Dept of Bioengineering, Moffitt Cancer Center, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, PMMH-ESPCI, Universit\'e Paris Diderot, Departamento de Matem\'aticas and Grupo Interdisciplinar de Sistemas Complejos, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Legan\'es, Spain, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics and FAS Center for Systems Biology - Harvard University, JQI, CNAM, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Maryland, Lab. for Physical Sciences, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Maryland, IBM Research, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia, Gaussian, Inc., Biophotonic Solutions Inc, Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, Department of Physics and IPAP, Yonsei University, Institute for Applied Physics, Universit\"{a}t Hamburg, Germany, iNANO, Aarhus University, Denmark, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Festk\"orperforschung, Stuttgart, Germany, 1. Institut f\"{u}r Theoretische Physik I, Universit\"{a}t Hamburg, Germany, Hiroshima University, fudan university, City College of New York - CUNY, IBM Research - Yorktown, Dept. of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara CA 93016, Dept. of Physics, Penn State University, University Park 16802, Joint Quantum Institute and Condensed Matter Theory Center, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden, The Netherlands, National Sun Yat-sen University, Niels Bohr Institute and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Harvard University, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, RWTH Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, National Research Council of Canada, University of Sherbrooke, HRL Laboratories LLC, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Dept. of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Kiel University,, Institut fur Physik, EMAU Greifswald, Germany, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, U.S. Naval Academy, Aerospace Dept., Annapolis, MD, Dept. of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, National Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA, Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies and Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom, Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE), East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China, Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, New Mexico, Institut Neel, CEA/CNRS/Universite Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France, Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (MOST) and Surface Physics Laboratory, Fudan University,, Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea, Institute of Physics and Applied Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea, Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Institute of Physics and Applied Physics, Yonsei University, Dresden High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dept. of Physics, University of Florida, Nanotech Institute, University of Texas at Dallas, Federal University of Goias, Serin Physics Laboratory, Rutgers University,Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA., Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794,USA and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA., Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794,USA, IFW, Dresden, Germany, LLB, Saclay, France, Univ. of Cologne, Germany, LBNL, NIST NCNR, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Theory of Condensed Matter, ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Institute for Quantum Matter, Johns Hopkins University, NSSD, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, Department of Physics, Indiana University, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Institut Universite de France and Universite de Bordeaux, France, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, IL, MSD, ANL, Centro de F\'isica de Materiales, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Donostia International Physics Center, MSD, Argonne National Laboratory, Tel-Aviv University, Center for Theoretical Physics, Sloane Physics Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, California State University, Long Beach, National Institute of Informatics, Japan; E. Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Technical University of Moldova, University of Oxford, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Department of Physics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, MPI CPfS - Dresden, MPI fuer Physik komplexer Systeme, Dresden, Germany, Theoretische Physik, ETH Zurich, Switzerland, 1st Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Hamburg, Germany, Department of Physics, Louisiana State University, LA, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA, Department of Physics, University of Wuerzburg, Germany, Los Alamos National Lab., Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Singulus Technologies, 63796 Kahl am Main, Germany, Hitachi Global Storage Technologies, San Jose, CA, Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Frankfurt, Germany, Lisboa, ITN, Institute of Applied Physics, University of Hamburg, ICMA, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Spain, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Institut f$\ddot{u}$r Anorganische Chemie, Universit$\ddot{a}$t Bonn, Max Planck Institut f$\ddot{u}$r Festkf$\ddot{o}$rrperforschung, Stuttgart, NICPB, Tallinn, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens OH 45701, USA, The Institute for Quantum Matter, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, Univ. of Tennessee, Oak Ridge National Lab, Univ. of Tennessee, Univ. of Tennessee, Univ. of Texas at Austin, Vienna University of Vienna, Tulane University, Vienna University of Vienna, Intel Corporation, UC Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Advanced Light Source, LBNL, and Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Univ. of Sci. \& Tech. of China, Harvard University, Univ. of Sci. \& Tech. of China, University at Albany, Department of Physics, Stanford University, Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of W\"urzburg, Universidade Federal do Cear\'a, University of Massachussetts, Amherst, Rensselaer Polytechnic Insitute, LPS Orsay, Universit\'e Paris-Sud, Universidade de S\~ao Paulo, Universidade Federal Fluminense, The Ames Laboratory, U. S. Department of Energy and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, The Ames Laboratory, U. S. 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U., Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departments of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, University of California at Irvine, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena - Universidade de Sao Paulo, Chemistry Department, University of West Florida, Physics Department, University of West Florida, California State University San Marcos, Lock Haven University, Department of Geology and Physics, Lock Haven University, PA 17745, Don's Food Products, Schwenksville, PA 19473, Department of Biology, Lock Haven University, PA 17745, Department of Chemistry, Lock Haven University, PA 17745, Department of Geology and Physics, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA, Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania, Lock Haven PA 17745, United States, Don's Food Products, Schwenksville, PA 19473, United States, Geology and Physics, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven PA 17745, United States, Biology, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven PA 17745, United States, Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania, Don's Food Products, Research Assistant Professor, Utah State University, Technische Universit\"at Dortmund, Trinity College, Department of Physics, Millersville University, Millersville, PA, Allegheny College, Orange Labs, Aalto University, Finland, Kamerling Ohnes Laboratory - Leiden University, TU Delft - 3mE, Process \& Energy Laboratory, TU Delft, ESPCI, Universit\'e de Mons, PMMH - ESPCI ParisTech, Physics Department, University of Massachusetts, Umass, PMMH-ESPCI, Department of Physics, Clark University, LCMRC, University of Colorado, Boulder, University of Milan, Milan, University of Milan, Chemical Engineering, CU Boulder, LCMRC, CU Boulder, University of Leipzig, Germany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland, Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center, University of Colorado at Boulder, Raman Research Institute, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, Montclair State University, University of Arkansas, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UCSB, Integrated Biosystems Lab, Intel Corporation, Reliance Industries Limited, Kyushu University, LPMCN, Universite de Lyon, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Kurashiki Research Center, Kuraray Co., Ltd., Japan, Dept. of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Dept. of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA., Department of Physics and Astronomy, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Goettingen, Germany, INRA, CNRS, ENS, Universit\'e de Lyon, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, University of Barcelona, Queens College of CUNY, The Graduate Center of CUNY, Queens College of CUNY, City College of CUNY, City College of CUNY, The Graduate Center of CUNY, Department of Physics, Chonbuk National University, Republic of Korea, Department of Geophysics, National university of Mongolia, Mongolia, Scuola Normale Superiore and CNR-NANO, Laboratorio TASC and CNR-IOM, University of Neuch\^{a}tel, 1 Rue Abraham Louis Breguet, 2000 Neuch\^{a}tel, Switzerland, CEA Grenoble, rue des martyrs 17, 38054 Grenoble, France, Department of Physics and the Institute for Terahertz Science and Technology, University of California at Santa Barbara, Department of Physics and the Centre of Optical Sciences, The Chinise University of Hong Kong, Dept. of Electrical \& Computer Engineering, Rice University, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A\&M University, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India., Princeton University, USA, Columbia University, USA, Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA, NEST-CNR, and Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, CAMD, Technical University of Denmark, Fritz-Haber-Institut der MPG, Berlin, Germany, Dep. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, Wellesley College, DSM Research, Netherlands, Condensed Matter and Interfaces-Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht Unversity, Netherlands, Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Cornell University; Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, School of Physics, Peking University, China, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, The University of Texas at Austin, Stanford Univeristy, Physics Department, The University of Hongkong, Pokfulam Road, Hongkong, China, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, The Center for Nanoscale Science and Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA, Department of Physics,University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, Department of Physics and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, Eindhoven University of Technology, D-Wave Systems Inc.,Canada, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicas de Mar del Plata (IFIMAR-CONICET), Funes 3350, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina, Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, School of Physics and CRANN, Trinity College, Dublin-2, Ireland, Applied Research Associates, IRS, University of Stuttgart, Germany, MPI-K, Heidelberg, Germany, CCLDAS, University of Colorado at Boulder, Universitaet der Bundeswehr Muenchen, Germany, Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, \'Ecole Polytechnique de Montr\'eal, University of Nottingham, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of Texas, Austin, Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5050, Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Material Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy, University of Kentucky, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science and World Premier International Research Center, Tohoku University, Japan, Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Japan, World Premier International Research Center, Tohoku University, Japan, Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University, USA, University of Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Solid State Physics, the University of Tokyo, Department of Basic Science, the University of Tokyo, AIST, Tsukuba, Department of Physics, Chiba University, Yantai University, Dept. of Physics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Department of Physics, UC Berkeley; Materials Sciences Division, LBNL, Department of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, China, National Lab of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, China, Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Stanford University, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Tokyo, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Tokyo, Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, Department of Electrical Engineering, City College of the City University of New York, Phoebus Optoelectronics, Department of Physics, Graduate Center and City College of the City University of New York, APAM, Columbia University, Western Washington University, Appalachian State University, Department of Physics and Center for Advanced Nanoscience, Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, Department of Physics and Center for Advanced Nanoscience, University of California San Diego, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70810, USA, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and IMEC, Belgium, IMEC, Belgium, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, University of Delaware, University of Cambridge, U.K., University College London, U.K., Sungkyunkwan University, Korea, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Center for Spintronics and Quantum Computation, University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and the Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0111, MIT DMSE, MIT Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain, Vanderbilt University, TN, Electrical and Computer Engineering, UC San Diego, Nara Women's University, Akita University, MANA-NIMS and CREST-JST, University of Tsukuba and CREST-JST, Nara Women`s University, Nanomechanics Inc., Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, Plastics Eng U Mass Lowell, University of Crete, George Mason University, Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore and Boston University, Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore and Department of Physics, Boston University, Chemical and Nuclear Engineering Department, University of New Mexico, Physics Department, New Mexico State University, University of Virginia, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilford College, Department of Physics, Brooklyn College and Graduate Center of the CUNY, Brooklyn, NY 11210, Department of Physics, SUNY College at Buffalo, NY 14222, Berkeley, NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA, Departement de Physique Theorique, University of Geneva, Neutron Scattering and Magnetism Group, ETH Zurich, Laboratory for Solid State Physics, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China, McMaster Univeristy, ISIS, Paul Scherrer Institut, Institut Laue-Langevin, Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems, Univeridade de Sao Paulo, ENSL, Lyon, France, Rice University Houston, JARA-FIT and II. Institute of Physics B, RWTH Aachen, Aachen and Peter Gruenberg Institut (PGI-8/9), Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, Academia Sinica, Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, MS\&E, NIMET, Univrsity of Florida, Gainesville, FL, Material Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, IBM Research Labs, Austin, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, CNSE, University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Institute of Physics, China, Fritz-Haber-Institut, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Sumgkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA, Suranaree University of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, 300, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan, Materials Departement, ETH Z\"urich, Switzerland, MPI for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany, Dip. di Scienze Fisiche, University Naples, Italy, Department of Physics, Boston University, Department of Physics, Technion, Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, and Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Innsbruck, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge MA 02138, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8423, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8423, USA, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, DPMC-MaNEP, University of Geneva, Switzerland, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics and Center for NanoScience, University of California, San Diego; Boston University, California State University, San Marcos, Univ. of Sci. \& Tech. of China; Harvard University, Univ. of Sci. \& Tech. of China;, CCNR, Northeastern University, Center for Complex Network Research and Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA, Non-linear Systems Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA, Chemical \& Biological Engineering, Princeton Univ., Mechanical \& Aerospace Engineering, Princeton Univ., Neuroscience \& Behavioral Biology, Emory Univ., Van der Waals Zeeman Institute - University of Amsterdam, European Space Agency, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, AkzoNobel, Ecole des Mines, Keio University, Japan, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, France, Loughborough University, UK, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (SPring-8), Japan, Fakultaet fuer Physik, Universitaet Duisburg-Essen, 47058 Duisburg, Germany, Fakult\"at f\"ur Physik, Universit\"at Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany, Institut f\"ur Physik, Humboldt-Universi\"at zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany, Arkema Inc., University of Utah, Salt Lake City, University of Central Lancashire, Daresbury Laboratory, University of Montpellier 2, Jozef Stefan Institute, University of Ljubljana and Jozef Stefan Institute, University of Ljubljana, Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, University of Illinois, Urbana, Worcester Polytechnic Instiutute, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Chemistry Department and Molecular Protein Science, Lund University, Ecole Polytechnique, Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Peter Gr\"unberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum J\"ulich and JARA, 52425 J\"ulich, Germany, Clark University, Clarion University, Battelle Science and Technology India, EMSL Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Sweden, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology - NTNU, Chemistry Department and Physics Department University of California Davis, Chemistry Department University of California Davis, Fritz-Haber-Institut, Germany, Tel Aviv University, Israel, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, Chemistry Department, Wheaton College, Biology Department, Wheaton College, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University, Air Force Research Laboratory Energetic Materials Branch, Dept. of Physics, UC Berkeley, North Dakota State University, Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Sharp Laboratories of Europe, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, UC Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, Loughborough Inst. 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Cambridge, U of IL at Urbana, Univeristy of Colorado, Quantum Matter Institute and Department of Physics \& Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T\,1Z4, Canada, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy, Superconducting Electronics Group, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T\,1Z1, Canada, SIMES, SLAC and GLAM, Departments Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, Nanoelectronics Research Institute, AIST, SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Lab, University of Colorado, Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM, Condensed Matter Physics \& Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY, Department of Physics, Temple University - 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Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Computing Center of the Max Planck Society, Garching, Germany, Univ. of Toronto and KIAS, Seoul National Univ. and KIAS, Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Nanotube Research Center; Fundamental Research Laboratory, NEC Corporation, Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Nanotube Research Center, Japan, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Depts. of Physics and Astronomy, Chemistry, and Molecular Biology, Univ. of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesselschaft, Berlin, Germany, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK, Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, London, UK, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Lab, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Lab, Universite Paris-Sud, Universidad de Cantabria, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Materials Department, University of CA, Santa Barbara, Dept. of Physics, University of CA, Santa Barbara, Dept.of Physics and Institute for Terahertz Science and Technology, University of CA, Santa Barbara, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, John Hopkins University, Materials Dept., University of CA, Santa Barbara, Joint Quantum Institute and Condensed Matter Theory Center, University of Maryland, ICREA-Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats and ICFO, ICREA-Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, Joint Quantum Institute and Physics Department, University of Maryland, National Institute for Standards and Technology, Condensed Matter Theory Center, The University of Maryland College Park, Istanbul Technical University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, UCL, UK; Department of Physics \& Astronomy, UCL, UK; Department of Chemistry, UCL, UK, London Centre for Nanotechnology, UCL, UK, Inst. Solid State Phys., Univ. Tokyo, JST-ERATO/Keio Univ., World-famous Chef, Levich Institute and Physics Departement, the City College of New York, Cyprus University of Technology, University of Maryland -- College Park, Physic Dept., University of Edinburgh, Physic Dept., The University of Science and Technology of China, Physic Dept., The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Leiden University, City College New York, MSM, CTW, University of Twente, 7500EA Enschede (NL), Universit\'e Paris-Est, Deparment of Physics, West Chester University, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology at the MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Physics and Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Department of Physics, Yale University, IRPHE, University of Latvia, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Fa{\ss}berg 17, D-37077 G\"ottingen, Germany, DWI an der RWTH Aachen e.V. and Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany, Kent State University Liquid Crystal Institute, California State University, Department of Physics, Slippery Rock University, Department of Physics and Liquid Crystal Material Research Center, University of Colorado-Boulder, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA, Department of Radiology, BWH, Harvard Medical School, Clarkson University, The Renal Center, The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Maryland - College Park, University of California - San Diego, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Lab and CQuIC, University of New Mexico, CQIQC and IOS, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Kanazawa University, National High Magnetic Field Lab, Smith College, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of California, Irvine, Harrish-Chandra Research Institute, Chhatnag Road Jhunsi, Allahabad 211019, India, Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Physics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, RMIT University, Electrochemical Energy Research Laboratory, General Motors Company, Honeoye Falls, NY 14472, Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Institute for Material Research and Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, Sam Houston State University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea, Universidade de Brasilia, Brazil, University of Michigan - Dearborn, Applied Sciences, Inc. Cedarville, Ohio, NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Univesity of Singapore, IMRE, A*STAR, Singapore, Material science, NUS, NUSNNI-NanoCore, NUS, CIBA,NUS, Material science, NTU, Ecole Polytechnique Federal de Lausanne, Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, 194021, St Petersburg, Russia, Advanced Materials Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, Department of Physics, Boise State University, Dept. of Physics, Korea University, Shenyang National Lab for Materials Science, China, Southeast Univ., China, Fudan Univ., Univ. of Sci. \& Tech. of China, The Center for Nanoscale Science and Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Peter Gr\"unberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum J\"ulich and JARA, UVSOR Facility, Institute for Molecular Science, Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Southern Illinois University, University of Guadalajara, Jal., Mexico, Harvard University, ITAMP, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Element Six, LMU Munich, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands, Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, Materials Department, UC Santa Barbara, California; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, National Institute for Materials Science, MANA, Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, University of Science and Technology of China \& Harvard University, IInstitute of Metal Research, CAS, China, Optical Science and Technology Center and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA, Shool of Physics, Nanjing University, UC Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, UC at Northridge, PSU Department of Chemical Engineering and EMS Energy Institute, PSU Department of Physics, PSU Department of Chemistry, Taiwan Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, WPI-AIMR, Tohoku University, Japan; Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A\&M University, Materials Science and Engineering; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A\&M University, WPI-AIMR, Tohoku University, Japan, WPI-AIMR, Tohoku University, Japan; Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A\&M University, University of Massachusetts Lowell, U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development \& Engineering Center, The Ohio State University Department of Physics, The Ohio State University William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Joel USA, Inc., Dept. Chem., Univ. Florida, Dept. Physiol. Func. Genomics, Univ. Florida, Dept. Physics. and NHMFL, Univ. Florida, A.F. 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Phys., Univ.of Tokyo, CMRG and CERG, RIKEN ASI, Japan, Toyota Central R and D Laboratories, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA, UCSD, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Department of Physics and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, University of Florida, Technische Universit\"at Kaiserslautern, Germany, The Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, NEC Corporation, Toho Univeresity, Peter Gruenberg Institut, Forschungszentrum Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany, RetiredDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7079, USA, Peter Gr\"unberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum J\"ulich, 52425 J\"ulich, Germany, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY 11973, Argonne National Laboratory, Center for Nanoscale Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139, Department of Physics, Center for Hierarchical Manufacturing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Dpto. F\'isica, Universidad de Oviedo, Calvo Sotelo, Materials Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Departament de F\'isica Fonamental, Universitat de Barcelona, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, JAPAN, School of Fundamental Studies, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Rd., Shanghai 201620, PR CHINA, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, New York 10598, USA, University Paris 6, France, University of L`Aquila, Italy, PNNL, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, Department of Physics, RPI, Troy, New York 12180, USA, U. of Maryland, East Tennessee State University, Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA, IMCN, UCL, Belgium, ORNL, USA, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, USA, IPICYT, Mexico, Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Universidad de Vigo, Spain, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Universite Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay, France, Department of Applied Physics and CRISP, Yale University, National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Tennessee \& Fudan University, Department of Physics, University of California, Riverside, University of California-Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory-Advanced Light Source Division, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 2840, Spain, Belarus Academy of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, Department of Physics and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA, McMaster University, Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, Neutron Scattering Sciences Division, ORNL, Oak Ridge, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA-93106-9530, Department of Physics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA-93106-9530, Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan, Department of Physics, Saga University, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fuer Materialien und Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany, Jilin Univ, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80305, National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO 80401, CNMS, ORNL, CHiPS, NCSU, Department of Physics, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan,, Department of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), Universit\"at Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Faculte des Sciences de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia, Instituto de Fisica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Spain, Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Switzerland, JQI/UMD, JQI/NIST/UMD, LPS, UMD, Harvard University, Department of Chemistry, Center for Ultracold Atoms, Department of Physics, MIT, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian center for Astrophysics, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Yale University, Austrian Academy of Science, Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Physics, UC Santa Barbara, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Department of Chemistry, Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, Monta Vista High School, The Wheatley School, Garden City High School, Yale University Physics Dept., Yale University, School of Medicine Dept. of Pathology, Yale University, School of Medicine Dept. of Internal Medicine, Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, MIT, Division of Clinical Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology
B.H. Eom

Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, University of Central Florida, NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Soft Matter Res, New York, NY 10003 USA, Aix Marseille Univ U1, IUSTI, CNRS, UMR Polytech Marseille 6595, F-13453 Marseille 13, France, Brandeis University, Intitut Laue Langevin, PMMH-ESPCI - University Pierre et Marie Curie, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Harvard Medical School, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook Univeristy, MPI for Dynamics and Self-Organization, University of South Florida, Department of Physics, UCR, Uppsala University, Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, UTMD Anderson, Department of Physics, University at Albany, SUNY, Osaka University - Japan, North Carolina State University, OEB, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, 02138 Cambridge, MA, USA, LJAD, UMR 6621 CNRS-UNS, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice cedex 2, France, Department of Botany, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611 USA, Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Northeastern U., Princeton U., LBNL and Princeton U., LANL and Northeastern U., UC Berkeley/LBNL, U of Michigan, National Tsing Hua U., Hsinchu, Taiwan and Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Condensed Matter Theory Laboratory, RIKEN, Department of Physics, University of Illinois, University of California Riverside, Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo \& CMGR and CERG, RIKEN-ASI, Department of Physics, Boston College, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee \& Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Virginia, Institute of Physics, University of Brasilia, Brazil, IBM TJ Watson Research Center, SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, UC Santa Barbara, Applied Physics Dept., Yale University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, University of Waterloo, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, NEC, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, MIT and MIT Lincoln Laboratory, NEC Corp. and RIKEN, Japan, IQC, University of Waterloo, and Perimeter Institute, Canada, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Japan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, UC Berkeley, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Univ of Maryland, NIST, Boulder, Univ de Sherbrooke, UC Berkeley, QNL, K.U.Leuven, Belgium, Materials Science, Cambridge Univ, UK, Physics, Univ of Oslo and Centre for Advanced Study, Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, DFQ/UNESP, Brazil, DF/UFSCar, Brazil, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Ames Laboratory, Stanford institute for materials and energy science, SLAC, Harvard, The Pennsylvania State University, Zhejiang University, University of South Alabama, Argonne National Laboratory USA, University of Oslo Norway, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Belgium, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Spain, Stanford University, University of Houston, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Dept., Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Excitation order research team, RIKEN SPing-8 Center, Pohang accelerator lab., Seoul National Unv., Yonsei Univ., SUNY at Buffalo, Physics and ECE, Duke University; Army Aviation and Missile RD\&E Center, IMIP-CNR, ECE Dept, Duke University, Nanogenesis Div, AEgis Technology, Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, 02467, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA, School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK, Princeton University, Columbia University, Dept. of Physics, Columbia University, Dept. of Chemistry, Princeton University, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York 11973 USA, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, The University of Hong Kong, University of Washington, University of Tennessee \& Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Cavendish Laboratories, Cambridge University, United Kingdom, Queen's University, Trent University, California State University, Los Angeles, Argonne National Lab, Ningbo University, Department of Materials Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Dept. of Chem., CICECO, Univ. of Aveiro, Portugal; WCU, C2E2, School of Chem. and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, SNU, Seoul, Korea, Dept. of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal, IOP and Beijing Nat. Lab. for Cond. Matt. Phys., CAS, Beijing, China, LPEM, ESPCI-ParisTech-UPMC-CNRS, Paris, France, LPEM, ESPCI-ParisTech-UPMC-CNRS, Paris, France; IOP and Beijing Nat. Lab. for Cond. Matt. Phys., CAS, Beijing, China, LPEM, ESPCI-ParisTech-UPMC-CNRS, Paris, France; School of Science, BUPT, Beijing, China, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nebraska, National Inst. of Technology Warangal - 506004 (A.P) India, Boise State University, Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK, Laboratorie de Physique des Solides, Universite Parsi-Sud, CNRS UMR 8502, F-91405 Orsay, France, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology \& CNRS-Institut N\`{e}el, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Tamkang University, University of Science and Technology of China, Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, NM 87117, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College at the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue New York, NY 10065, USA, Cornell University, Tohoku University, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, CIN2 (ICN-CSIC) and Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Catalan Institute of Nanotechnology, Spain, ICREA, Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avan\c{c}ats, Spain, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Institut de la Matiere Condensee et des Nanosciences (IMCN), NAPS-ETSF, Belgium, Case Western Reserve University, STMicroelectronics, NSRDEC, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), IPC Department Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore (India), ETSF, Dept. Materials Science, Universit\`a di Milano-Bicocca (Italy), CNR -- National Research Council of Italy, ISTM (Italy), Dep. of Microtechnology and Nanoscience - MC2, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Goteborg, Sweden, University of Vienna, Vienna University of Technology, Physics Department, The Pennsylvania State University, Physics Department, Tulane University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Minnesota, NIST Center for Neutron Research, ETH Hoenggerberg, Switzerland, Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute RAS, Russia, Saint Petersburg State University and Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute RAS, Russia, University of Toronto, Canadian Light Source, Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, IFW Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, U. Kentucky, Kentucky 40506., Dept. of Physics, University of Toronto, Canada M5S 1A7, APS, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois 60439, USA, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven Natiional Laboratory, NY 11973, Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin f\"ur Materialien und Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany, Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom, Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156X, 38042 Grenoble, France., IISER Pune, Sai Trinity Building, Garware Circle, Sutarwadi, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411021, India, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena - USP, University of Winnipeg, McMaster University, Chalk River Laboratories, University of Manitoba, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Brookhaven National Laboratory, HFIR, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, SNS, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, LLB, CEA Saclay, University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Univeristy of Virginia, Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA, University of California, Santa Barbara, University of Basel, University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, National University of Singapore, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, FSMRL, UIUC, FSMRL and ICMT, UIUC, FSMRL and Institute for Condensed Matter Theory (ICMT), UIUC, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Goethe Universitaet Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Goethe Universitaet Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, BNL, Upton, NY 11973, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA, KYOKUGEN, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan, HLD-HZDR, 01328 Dresden, Germany, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, NEST Scuola Normale Superiore \& CNR NANO p.zza S. Silvestro 12 56127 Pisa Italy, IMEM CNR parco Area delle Scienze 37/A 43010 Parma Italy, Yonsei University, Postech, Korea Institute of Science \& Technology, Yonsei University, Korea Institute of Science \& Technology, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, University of Maryland, Physics and Applied Physics Departments, Columbia University, Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Department of Physics, Lehigh University, WISE CONTROL Inc., R\&D Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Univeristy of Southern California, Department of Electrical Engineering, Univeristy of Southern California, Sungkyunkwan Univ. Natural Sciences Campus, Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, LG Institute, Umyeon-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Korea, Yonsei Univ., Sinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea, University of Wisconsin - La Crosse, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, CAS; Lund University, the Ohio State University, Los Alamos National Lab, UC Riverside, Physics Department, UC Davis, INLN, Universit\'e de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Department of Physics, Ohio State University, California Institute of Technology, Deparatment of Physics, Harvard University, University of Arizona, University of Tsukuba, Kazakh National University, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, VA, USA, New York University, MIT, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan 115, R.O.C., Dept. of Physics and Center for Complex Systems, National Central University, Chungli, Taiwan 320, R.O.C, Louisiana State University, University of Gottingen, Osaka University, Northwestern University, Tokyo Institute of Technology, University Augsburg, Humboldt-University Berlin, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, Kodak Research Laboratories, Rochester, NY 14650, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Eletrical Engineering Department and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, Grad. Sc. of Eng. Sci., Osaka University, Dept. of Appl. Phys., Tokyo University, Dept. of Phys., Tohoku University, National Institute for Materials Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Humboldt Universit\"at zu Berlin, Helmholtz-Zentrumm Berlin f\"ur Materialien und Energie GmbH, Materials Science Program, Department of Physics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT-05405, National Synchrotron light source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY-11973, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann arbor, MI- 48109, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA, Fritz-Haber-Institut der MPG, NEC corporation, CSMR, NYU, USA, Brandeis University, USA, Department of Physics, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany, PMMH, UMR 7636 CNRS-ESPCI-Universit\'es Paris 6 and 7, Henri Poincare Group of Complex Systems and Superconductivity Laboratory, University of Havana, UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Penn Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Clemson University, Korea Univ., KAIST, University of Guelph, Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA and CINDEFI, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina, Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, Center for Nonlinear Dynamics and Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, University of California, Los Angeles, Harvard University, Technical University Berlin, UCLA Bioengineering, UIUC Physics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Third Institute of Physics, Georg-August-Universitaet Goettingen, Dept. Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Dept. Struct. Macromol., Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\'ia, Campus Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Johns Hopkins University, University of Pennsylvania, Syracuse University, Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo and JST CREST, Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tsinghua University, University of Utah, Wuerzburg Universitat, Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan, Kavli Institue for Theoretical Physics, Tsukuba University, Nanyang Technological University, Department of Physics, SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, Washington State University, University of Hong Kong, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, The University of Akron, Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Stanford Unversity, Dept. of Physics, Stanford University, Cond. Mat. and Matls. Div., Lawrence Livermore National Lab, CNAM, University of Maryland, College Park, Universitat Wurzburg, University of Geneva, Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario, CA, Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, Departamento de Fisica Aplicada II, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain ; Department of Physics, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Lab \& CQuIC, University of New Mexico, Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, and Institute for Optical Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Weizmann Institute of Science, IQIS, University of Calgary, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Singapore and Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 16-19, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, University of California, Merced, University of California, Riverside, Department of Electrical Engineering, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA and University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA and the University of Colorado, Universite de Sherbrooke, ETH Zurich, Universit\'{e} de Sherbrooke, University of Calgary, Saarland University, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN, Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, CCSE, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, University of Tennessee/ORNL, Oak Rigde National Laboratory (ORNL), CREOL - the College of Optics and Photonics, Univ. of Central Florida, Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany, Institute of Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou University, P.R. China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, NUSNNI-Nanocore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Theoretische Physik III, Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany, Brookhaven Natl. Lab., Dept. of Phys., Univ. of Crete and FORTH \& Div. of Phys. and Appl. Phys., Nanyang Tech. Univ., Dept. of Phys. \& Natl. High Magnetic Field Lab., Florida State Univ., SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, The Missouri Research Reactor, Univ. Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, Ames Laboratory and Dept. Phys. Astron., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011, LANL, BNL, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Los Alamos National Lab (LANL), Los Alamos, NM, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439 \& Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Institut Laue Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, BP156, Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, The University of Tokyo, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Dept. of Physics, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, Technion, Israel, Institute for Optical Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada, Osaka University, Japan, University of Tokyo, Japan, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA, Canadian Light Source, Canada, University of Toronto, Canada, Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Crystalline Materials Science, Nagoya University, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Pennsylvania State University, Nagoya University, The University of Liverpool, School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, CINT, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 1001, Taiwan, Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan, Physics Department, University of Arkansas, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratories, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, ICQD, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Physics, USTC, Department of Physics, Hanyang University, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics, TU Graz, Graz, Austria, Department of Physics, Columbia University, Department of Applied Physics, Columbia University, Institute of Physics and Applied Physics, Yonsei University, Korea, Department of Physics, Inha University, Korea, Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, Jackson State University, Fudan University/ The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Oak Ridge National Laboratory / Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory / The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Flucto-Order Functions Research Team, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea, Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea, The Ohio State University, University of Iowa, Queen Mary University of London, University of Fribourg, CH, Institut Neel Grenoble, FR., Imperial London, UK, ISIS Muon Facility, UK, University of Texas at Austin, USA, University of Bielefeld, Germany, University of Applied Sciences, Bielefeld, Germany, The Ames Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China, Trinity College Dublin, Solid state physics division, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austia, Institute of Applied Physics, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany, Peter Gr\"unberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum J\"ulich, D-52425 J\"ulich, Germany, SISSA, Trieste, Italy, CEA Saclay, France, IBM Research - Almaden, San Jose, CA, USA, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universitat Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Universitat Potsdam, Institut fur Chemie, Potsdam, Germany, Department of Physics, Korea University, Physics Department, IIT Kanpur, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92521, Dept. of Physics, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, Physics Department, University of Arizona, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Physics Department, UC Berkeley and LBNL, Physics Department, UC Berkeley, School of Physics, University of Exeter, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Tennessee, National Institute for Materials Science, Japan, NIMS, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicine Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Kansas State University, Naval Research Laboratory, Surface Nanoscience and Sensor Technology, Washington DC, 20375, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dept. of Mech. Science and Eng., Urbana, IL, 61801, University of Kansas, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fujian, China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China, University of Connecticut, Northern Illinois University, University of Hartford, University of Groningen, NHMFL, NHMFL/FSU, Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang, 790-784, Korea, University at Buffalo-SUNY, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, National Research Council Canada, University of Ottawa, University of Chicago, University College London, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, England, UK, Institut f\"{u}r Materialwissenschaft, Universit\"{a}t Stuttgart 70569, Germany, Oak Ridge National Lab, Ames Laboratory, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, Advanced Photon Source, ANL, Argonne, IL, ESS, Lund, Sweden, ISIS, RAL, UK, ILL, Grenoble, France, University of Warwick, UK, Univ of Orleans, Univ of Paris, Univ of Cincinnati, University of Strassbourg, Horiba Jobin Yvon Inc., New Jersey, Washington University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of North Carolina, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Naval Research Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Suzhou Institute of Nanotechnology and Nanobionics, penn state univeristy, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, Altoona College, Altoona, PA 16601, USA, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA, Technology Research Association for Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, Smalley Institute, Rice University, ECE and Physics and Astronomy Department, Rice University, Oregon State University, The Univ. of Tokyo, Tokyo Metropolitan Univ., Waseda Univ., Tohoku Univ., Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA, University of Texas at Austin, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom, University of Geneva, Switzerland, IOP and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, CAS, Beijing, China, LPEM, ESPCI-ParisTech-UPMC-CNRS, Paris, France; 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Cambridge, U of IL at Urbana, Univeristy of Colorado, Quantum Matter Institute and Department of Physics \& Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T\,1Z4, Canada, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy, Superconducting Electronics Group, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T\,1Z1, Canada, SIMES, SLAC and GLAM, Departments Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, Nanoelectronics Research Institute, AIST, SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Lab, University of Colorado, Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM, Condensed Matter Physics \& Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY, Department of Physics, Temple University - 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Tokyo, JST-ERATO/Keio Univ., World-famous Chef, Levich Institute and Physics Departement, the City College of New York, Cyprus University of Technology, University of Maryland -- College Park, Physic Dept., University of Edinburgh, Physic Dept., The University of Science and Technology of China, Physic Dept., The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Leiden University, City College New York, MSM, CTW, University of Twente, 7500EA Enschede (NL), Universit\'e Paris-Est, Deparment of Physics, West Chester University, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology at the MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Physics and Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Department of Physics, Yale University, IRPHE, University of Latvia, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Fa{\ss}berg 17, D-37077 G\"ottingen, Germany, DWI an der RWTH Aachen e.V. and Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany, Kent State University Liquid Crystal Institute, California State University, Department of Physics, Slippery Rock University, Department of Physics and Liquid Crystal Material Research Center, University of Colorado-Boulder, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA, Department of Radiology, BWH, Harvard Medical School, Clarkson University, The Renal Center, The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Maryland - College Park, University of California - San Diego, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Lab and CQuIC, University of New Mexico, CQIQC and IOS, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Kanazawa University, National High Magnetic Field Lab, Smith College, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of California, Irvine, Harrish-Chandra Research Institute, Chhatnag Road Jhunsi, Allahabad 211019, India, Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Physics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, RMIT University, Electrochemical Energy Research Laboratory, General Motors Company, Honeoye Falls, NY 14472, Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Institute for Material Research and Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, Sam Houston State University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea, Universidade de Brasilia, Brazil, University of Michigan - Dearborn, Applied Sciences, Inc. 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Phys., Univ.of Tokyo, CMRG and CERG, RIKEN ASI, Japan, Toyota Central R and D Laboratories, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA, UCSD, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Department of Physics and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, University of Florida, Technische Universit\"at Kaiserslautern, Germany, The Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, NEC Corporation, Toho Univeresity, Peter Gruenberg Institut, Forschungszentrum Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany, RetiredDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7079, USA, Peter Gr\"unberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum J\"ulich, 52425 J\"ulich, Germany, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY 11973, Argonne National Laboratory, Center for Nanoscale Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139, Department of Physics, Center for Hierarchical Manufacturing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Dpto. F\'isica, Universidad de Oviedo, Calvo Sotelo, Materials Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Departament de F\'isica Fonamental, Universitat de Barcelona, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, JAPAN, School of Fundamental Studies, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Rd., Shanghai 201620, PR CHINA, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, New York 10598, USA, University Paris 6, France, University of L`Aquila, Italy, PNNL, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, Department of Physics, RPI, Troy, New York 12180, USA, U. of Maryland, East Tennessee State University, Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA, IMCN, UCL, Belgium, ORNL, USA, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, USA, IPICYT, Mexico, Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Universidad de Vigo, Spain, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Universite Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay, France, Department of Applied Physics and CRISP, Yale University, National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Tennessee \& Fudan University, Department of Physics, University of California, Riverside, University of California-Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory-Advanced Light Source Division, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 2840, Spain, Belarus Academy of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, Department of Physics and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA, McMaster University, Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, Neutron Scattering Sciences Division, ORNL, Oak Ridge, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA-93106-9530, Department of Physics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA-93106-9530, Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan, Department of Physics, Saga University, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fuer Materialien und Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany, Jilin Univ, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80305, National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO 80401, CNMS, ORNL, CHiPS, NCSU, Department of Physics, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan,, Department of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), Universit\"at Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Faculte des Sciences de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia, Instituto de Fisica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Spain, Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Switzerland, JQI/UMD, JQI/NIST/UMD, LPS, UMD, Harvard University, Department of Chemistry, Center for Ultracold Atoms, Department of Physics, MIT, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian center for Astrophysics, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Yale University, Austrian Academy of Science, Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Physics, UC Santa Barbara, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Department of Chemistry, Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, Monta Vista High School, The Wheatley School, Garden City High School, Yale University Physics Dept., Yale University, School of Medicine Dept. of Pathology, Yale University, School of Medicine Dept. of Internal Medicine, Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, MIT, Division of Clinical Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology
B.H. Eom

Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, University of Central Florida, NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Soft Matter Res, New York, NY 10003 USA, Aix Marseille Univ U1, IUSTI, CNRS, UMR Polytech Marseille 6595, F-13453 Marseille 13, France, Brandeis University, Intitut Laue Langevin, PMMH-ESPCI - University Pierre et Marie Curie, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Harvard Medical School, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook Univeristy, MPI for Dynamics and Self-Organization, University of South Florida, Department of Physics, UCR, Uppsala University, Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, UTMD Anderson, Department of Physics, University at Albany, SUNY, Osaka University - Japan, North Carolina State University, OEB, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, 02138 Cambridge, MA, USA, LJAD, UMR 6621 CNRS-UNS, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice cedex 2, France, Department of Botany, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611 USA, Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Northeastern U., Princeton U., LBNL and Princeton U., LANL and Northeastern U., UC Berkeley/LBNL, U of Michigan, National Tsing Hua U., Hsinchu, Taiwan and Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Condensed Matter Theory Laboratory, RIKEN, Department of Physics, University of Illinois, University of California Riverside, Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo \& CMGR and CERG, RIKEN-ASI, Department of Physics, Boston College, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee \& Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Virginia, Institute of Physics, University of Brasilia, Brazil, IBM TJ Watson Research Center, SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, UC Santa Barbara, Applied Physics Dept., Yale University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, University of Waterloo, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, NEC, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, MIT and MIT Lincoln Laboratory, NEC Corp. and RIKEN, Japan, IQC, University of Waterloo, and Perimeter Institute, Canada, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Japan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, UC Berkeley, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Univ of Maryland, NIST, Boulder, Univ de Sherbrooke, UC Berkeley, QNL, K.U.Leuven, Belgium, Materials Science, Cambridge Univ, UK, Physics, Univ of Oslo and Centre for Advanced Study, Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, DFQ/UNESP, Brazil, DF/UFSCar, Brazil, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Ames Laboratory, Stanford institute for materials and energy science, SLAC, Harvard, The Pennsylvania State University, Zhejiang University, University of South Alabama, Argonne National Laboratory USA, University of Oslo Norway, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Belgium, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Spain, Stanford University, University of Houston, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Dept., Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Excitation order research team, RIKEN SPing-8 Center, Pohang accelerator lab., Seoul National Unv., Yonsei Univ., SUNY at Buffalo, Physics and ECE, Duke University; Army Aviation and Missile RD\&E Center, IMIP-CNR, ECE Dept, Duke University, Nanogenesis Div, AEgis Technology, Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, 02467, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA, School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK, Princeton University, Columbia University, Dept. of Physics, Columbia University, Dept. of Chemistry, Princeton University, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York 11973 USA, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, The University of Hong Kong, University of Washington, University of Tennessee \& Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Cavendish Laboratories, Cambridge University, United Kingdom, Queen's University, Trent University, California State University, Los Angeles, Argonne National Lab, Ningbo University, Department of Materials Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Dept. of Chem., CICECO, Univ. of Aveiro, Portugal; WCU, C2E2, School of Chem. and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, SNU, Seoul, Korea, Dept. of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal, IOP and Beijing Nat. Lab. for Cond. Matt. Phys., CAS, Beijing, China, LPEM, ESPCI-ParisTech-UPMC-CNRS, Paris, France, LPEM, ESPCI-ParisTech-UPMC-CNRS, Paris, France; IOP and Beijing Nat. Lab. for Cond. Matt. Phys., CAS, Beijing, China, LPEM, ESPCI-ParisTech-UPMC-CNRS, Paris, France; School of Science, BUPT, Beijing, China, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nebraska, National Inst. of Technology Warangal - 506004 (A.P) India, Boise State University, Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK, Laboratorie de Physique des Solides, Universite Parsi-Sud, CNRS UMR 8502, F-91405 Orsay, France, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology \& CNRS-Institut N\`{e}el, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Tamkang University, University of Science and Technology of China, Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, NM 87117, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College at the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue New York, NY 10065, USA, Cornell University, Tohoku University, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, CIN2 (ICN-CSIC) and Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Catalan Institute of Nanotechnology, Spain, ICREA, Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avan\c{c}ats, Spain, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Institut de la Matiere Condensee et des Nanosciences (IMCN), NAPS-ETSF, Belgium, Case Western Reserve University, STMicroelectronics, NSRDEC, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), IPC Department Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore (India), ETSF, Dept. Materials Science, Universit\`a di Milano-Bicocca (Italy), CNR -- National Research Council of Italy, ISTM (Italy), Dep. of Microtechnology and Nanoscience - MC2, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Goteborg, Sweden, University of Vienna, Vienna University of Technology, Physics Department, The Pennsylvania State University, Physics Department, Tulane University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Minnesota, NIST Center for Neutron Research, ETH Hoenggerberg, Switzerland, Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute RAS, Russia, Saint Petersburg State University and Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute RAS, Russia, University of Toronto, Canadian Light Source, Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, IFW Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, U. Kentucky, Kentucky 40506., Dept. of Physics, University of Toronto, Canada M5S 1A7, APS, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois 60439, USA, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven Natiional Laboratory, NY 11973, Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin f\"ur Materialien und Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany, Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom, Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156X, 38042 Grenoble, France., IISER Pune, Sai Trinity Building, Garware Circle, Sutarwadi, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411021, India, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena - USP, University of Winnipeg, McMaster University, Chalk River Laboratories, University of Manitoba, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Brookhaven National Laboratory, HFIR, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, SNS, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, LLB, CEA Saclay, University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Univeristy of Virginia, Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA, University of California, Santa Barbara, University of Basel, University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, National University of Singapore, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, FSMRL, UIUC, FSMRL and ICMT, UIUC, FSMRL and Institute for Condensed Matter Theory (ICMT), UIUC, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Goethe Universitaet Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Goethe Universitaet Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, BNL, Upton, NY 11973, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA, KYOKUGEN, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan, HLD-HZDR, 01328 Dresden, Germany, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, NEST Scuola Normale Superiore \& CNR NANO p.zza S. Silvestro 12 56127 Pisa Italy, IMEM CNR parco Area delle Scienze 37/A 43010 Parma Italy, Yonsei University, Postech, Korea Institute of Science \& Technology, Yonsei University, Korea Institute of Science \& Technology, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, University of Maryland, Physics and Applied Physics Departments, Columbia University, Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Department of Physics, Lehigh University, WISE CONTROL Inc., R\&D Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Univeristy of Southern California, Department of Electrical Engineering, Univeristy of Southern California, Sungkyunkwan Univ. Natural Sciences Campus, Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, LG Institute, Umyeon-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Korea, Yonsei Univ., Sinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea, University of Wisconsin - La Crosse, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, CAS; Lund University, the Ohio State University, Los Alamos National Lab, UC Riverside, Physics Department, UC Davis, INLN, Universit\'e de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Department of Physics, Ohio State University, California Institute of Technology, Deparatment of Physics, Harvard University, University of Arizona, University of Tsukuba, Kazakh National University, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, VA, USA, New York University, MIT, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan 115, R.O.C., Dept. of Physics and Center for Complex Systems, National Central University, Chungli, Taiwan 320, R.O.C, Louisiana State University, University of Gottingen, Osaka University, Northwestern University, Tokyo Institute of Technology, University Augsburg, Humboldt-University Berlin, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, Kodak Research Laboratories, Rochester, NY 14650, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Eletrical Engineering Department and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, Grad. Sc. of Eng. Sci., Osaka University, Dept. of Appl. Phys., Tokyo University, Dept. of Phys., Tohoku University, National Institute for Materials Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Humboldt Universit\"at zu Berlin, Helmholtz-Zentrumm Berlin f\"ur Materialien und Energie GmbH, Materials Science Program, Department of Physics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT-05405, National Synchrotron light source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY-11973, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann arbor, MI- 48109, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA, Fritz-Haber-Institut der MPG, NEC corporation, CSMR, NYU, USA, Brandeis University, USA, Department of Physics, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany, PMMH, UMR 7636 CNRS-ESPCI-Universit\'es Paris 6 and 7, Henri Poincare Group of Complex Systems and Superconductivity Laboratory, University of Havana, UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Penn Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Clemson University, Korea Univ., KAIST, University of Guelph, Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA and CINDEFI, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina, Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, Center for Nonlinear Dynamics and Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, University of California, Los Angeles, Harvard University, Technical University Berlin, UCLA Bioengineering, UIUC Physics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Third Institute of Physics, Georg-August-Universitaet Goettingen, Dept. Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Dept. Struct. Macromol., Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\'ia, Campus Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Johns Hopkins University, University of Pennsylvania, Syracuse University, Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo and JST CREST, Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tsinghua University, University of Utah, Wuerzburg Universitat, Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan, Kavli Institue for Theoretical Physics, Tsukuba University, Nanyang Technological University, Department of Physics, SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, Washington State University, University of Hong Kong, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, The University of Akron, Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Stanford Unversity, Dept. of Physics, Stanford University, Cond. Mat. and Matls. Div., Lawrence Livermore National Lab, CNAM, University of Maryland, College Park, Universitat Wurzburg, University of Geneva, Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario, CA, Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, Departamento de Fisica Aplicada II, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain ; Department of Physics, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Lab \& CQuIC, University of New Mexico, Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, and Institute for Optical Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Weizmann Institute of Science, IQIS, University of Calgary, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Singapore and Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 16-19, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, University of California, Merced, University of California, Riverside, Department of Electrical Engineering, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA and University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA and the University of Colorado, Universite de Sherbrooke, ETH Zurich, Universit\'{e} de Sherbrooke, University of Calgary, Saarland University, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN, Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, CCSE, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, University of Tennessee/ORNL, Oak Rigde National Laboratory (ORNL), CREOL - the College of Optics and Photonics, Univ. of Central Florida, Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany, Institute of Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou University, P.R. China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, NUSNNI-Nanocore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Theoretische Physik III, Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany, Brookhaven Natl. Lab., Dept. of Phys., Univ. of Crete and FORTH \& Div. of Phys. and Appl. Phys., Nanyang Tech. Univ., Dept. of Phys. \& Natl. High Magnetic Field Lab., Florida State Univ., SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, The Missouri Research Reactor, Univ. Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, Ames Laboratory and Dept. Phys. Astron., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011, LANL, BNL, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Los Alamos National Lab (LANL), Los Alamos, NM, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439 \& Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Institut Laue Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, BP156, Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, The University of Tokyo, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Dept. of Physics, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, Technion, Israel, Institute for Optical Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada, Osaka University, Japan, University of Tokyo, Japan, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA, Canadian Light Source, Canada, University of Toronto, Canada, Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Crystalline Materials Science, Nagoya University, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Pennsylvania State University, Nagoya University, The University of Liverpool, School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, CINT, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 1001, Taiwan, Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan, Physics Department, University of Arkansas, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratories, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, ICQD, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Physics, USTC, Department of Physics, Hanyang University, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics, TU Graz, Graz, Austria, Department of Physics, Columbia University, Department of Applied Physics, Columbia University, Institute of Physics and Applied Physics, Yonsei University, Korea, Department of Physics, Inha University, Korea, Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, Jackson State University, Fudan University/ The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Oak Ridge National Laboratory / Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory / The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Flucto-Order Functions Research Team, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea, Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea, The Ohio State University, University of Iowa, Queen Mary University of London, University of Fribourg, CH, Institut Neel Grenoble, FR., Imperial London, UK, ISIS Muon Facility, UK, University of Texas at Austin, USA, University of Bielefeld, Germany, University of Applied Sciences, Bielefeld, Germany, The Ames Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China, Trinity College Dublin, Solid state physics division, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austia, Institute of Applied Physics, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany, Peter Gr\"unberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum J\"ulich, D-52425 J\"ulich, Germany, SISSA, Trieste, Italy, CEA Saclay, France, IBM Research - Almaden, San Jose, CA, USA, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universitat Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Universitat Potsdam, Institut fur Chemie, Potsdam, Germany, Department of Physics, Korea University, Physics Department, IIT Kanpur, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92521, Dept. of Physics, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, Physics Department, University of Arizona, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Physics Department, UC Berkeley and LBNL, Physics Department, UC Berkeley, School of Physics, University of Exeter, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Tennessee, National Institute for Materials Science, Japan, NIMS, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicine Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Kansas State University, Naval Research Laboratory, Surface Nanoscience and Sensor Technology, Washington DC, 20375, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dept. of Mech. Science and Eng., Urbana, IL, 61801, University of Kansas, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fujian, China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China, University of Connecticut, Northern Illinois University, University of Hartford, University of Groningen, NHMFL, NHMFL/FSU, Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang, 790-784, Korea, University at Buffalo-SUNY, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, National Research Council Canada, University of Ottawa, University of Chicago, University College London, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, England, UK, Institut f\"{u}r Materialwissenschaft, Universit\"{a}t Stuttgart 70569, Germany, Oak Ridge National Lab, Ames Laboratory, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, Advanced Photon Source, ANL, Argonne, IL, ESS, Lund, Sweden, ISIS, RAL, UK, ILL, Grenoble, France, University of Warwick, UK, Univ of Orleans, Univ of Paris, Univ of Cincinnati, University of Strassbourg, Horiba Jobin Yvon Inc., New Jersey, Washington University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of North Carolina, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Naval Research Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Suzhou Institute of Nanotechnology and Nanobionics, penn state univeristy, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, Altoona College, Altoona, PA 16601, USA, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA, Technology Research Association for Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, Smalley Institute, Rice University, ECE and Physics and Astronomy Department, Rice University, Oregon State University, The Univ. of Tokyo, Tokyo Metropolitan Univ., Waseda Univ., Tohoku Univ., Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA, University of Texas at Austin, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom, University of Geneva, Switzerland, IOP and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, CAS, Beijing, China, LPEM, ESPCI-ParisTech-UPMC-CNRS, Paris, France; 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Cambridge, U of IL at Urbana, Univeristy of Colorado, Quantum Matter Institute and Department of Physics \& Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T\,1Z4, Canada, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy, Superconducting Electronics Group, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T\,1Z1, Canada, SIMES, SLAC and GLAM, Departments Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, Nanoelectronics Research Institute, AIST, SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Lab, University of Colorado, Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM, Condensed Matter Physics \& Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY, Department of Physics, Temple University - 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Tokyo, JST-ERATO/Keio Univ., World-famous Chef, Levich Institute and Physics Departement, the City College of New York, Cyprus University of Technology, University of Maryland -- College Park, Physic Dept., University of Edinburgh, Physic Dept., The University of Science and Technology of China, Physic Dept., The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Leiden University, City College New York, MSM, CTW, University of Twente, 7500EA Enschede (NL), Universit\'e Paris-Est, Deparment of Physics, West Chester University, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology at the MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Physics and Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Department of Physics, Yale University, IRPHE, University of Latvia, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Fa{\ss}berg 17, D-37077 G\"ottingen, Germany, DWI an der RWTH Aachen e.V. and Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany, Kent State University Liquid Crystal Institute, California State University, Department of Physics, Slippery Rock University, Department of Physics and Liquid Crystal Material Research Center, University of Colorado-Boulder, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA, Department of Radiology, BWH, Harvard Medical School, Clarkson University, The Renal Center, The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Maryland - College Park, University of California - San Diego, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Lab and CQuIC, University of New Mexico, CQIQC and IOS, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Kanazawa University, National High Magnetic Field Lab, Smith College, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of California, Irvine, Harrish-Chandra Research Institute, Chhatnag Road Jhunsi, Allahabad 211019, India, Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Physics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, RMIT University, Electrochemical Energy Research Laboratory, General Motors Company, Honeoye Falls, NY 14472, Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Institute for Material Research and Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, Sam Houston State University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea, Universidade de Brasilia, Brazil, University of Michigan - Dearborn, Applied Sciences, Inc. 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Phys., Univ.of Tokyo, CMRG and CERG, RIKEN ASI, Japan, Toyota Central R and D Laboratories, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA, UCSD, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Department of Physics and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, University of Florida, Technische Universit\"at Kaiserslautern, Germany, The Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, NEC Corporation, Toho Univeresity, Peter Gruenberg Institut, Forschungszentrum Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany, RetiredDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7079, USA, Peter Gr\"unberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum J\"ulich, 52425 J\"ulich, Germany, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY 11973, Argonne National Laboratory, Center for Nanoscale Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139, Department of Physics, Center for Hierarchical Manufacturing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Dpto. F\'isica, Universidad de Oviedo, Calvo Sotelo, Materials Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Departament de F\'isica Fonamental, Universitat de Barcelona, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, JAPAN, School of Fundamental Studies, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Rd., Shanghai 201620, PR CHINA, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, New York 10598, USA, University Paris 6, France, University of L`Aquila, Italy, PNNL, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, Department of Physics, RPI, Troy, New York 12180, USA, U. of Maryland, East Tennessee State University, Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA, IMCN, UCL, Belgium, ORNL, USA, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, USA, IPICYT, Mexico, Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Universidad de Vigo, Spain, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Universite Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay, France, Department of Applied Physics and CRISP, Yale University, National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Tennessee \& Fudan University, Department of Physics, University of California, Riverside, University of California-Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory-Advanced Light Source Division, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 2840, Spain, Belarus Academy of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, Department of Physics and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA, McMaster University, Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, Neutron Scattering Sciences Division, ORNL, Oak Ridge, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA-93106-9530, Department of Physics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA-93106-9530, Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan, Department of Physics, Saga University, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fuer Materialien und Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany, Jilin Univ, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80305, National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO 80401, CNMS, ORNL, CHiPS, NCSU, Department of Physics, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan,, Department of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), Universit\"at Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Faculte des Sciences de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia, Instituto de Fisica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Spain, Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Switzerland, JQI/UMD, JQI/NIST/UMD, LPS, UMD, Harvard University, Department of Chemistry, Center for Ultracold Atoms, Department of Physics, MIT, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian center for Astrophysics, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Yale University, Austrian Academy of Science, Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Physics, UC Santa Barbara, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Department of Chemistry, Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, Monta Vista High School, The Wheatley School, Garden City High School, Yale University Physics Dept., Yale University, School of Medicine Dept. of Pathology, Yale University, School of Medicine Dept. of Internal Medicine, Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, MIT, Division of Clinical Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology
B.H. Eom

Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, University of Central Florida, NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Soft Matter Res, New York, NY 10003 USA, Aix Marseille Univ U1, IUSTI, CNRS, UMR Polytech Marseille 6595, F-13453 Marseille 13, France, Brandeis University, Intitut Laue Langevin, PMMH-ESPCI - University Pierre et Marie Curie, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Harvard Medical School, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook Univeristy, MPI for Dynamics and Self-Organization, University of South Florida, Department of Physics, UCR, Uppsala University, Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, UTMD Anderson, Department of Physics, University at Albany, SUNY, Osaka University - Japan, North Carolina State University, OEB, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, 02138 Cambridge, MA, USA, LJAD, UMR 6621 CNRS-UNS, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice cedex 2, France, Department of Botany, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611 USA, Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Northeastern U., Princeton U., LBNL and Princeton U., LANL and Northeastern U., UC Berkeley/LBNL, U of Michigan, National Tsing Hua U., Hsinchu, Taiwan and Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Condensed Matter Theory Laboratory, RIKEN, Department of Physics, University of Illinois, University of California Riverside, Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo \& CMGR and CERG, RIKEN-ASI, Department of Physics, Boston College, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee \& Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Virginia, Institute of Physics, University of Brasilia, Brazil, IBM TJ Watson Research Center, SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, UC Santa Barbara, Applied Physics Dept., Yale University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, University of Waterloo, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, NEC, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, MIT and MIT Lincoln Laboratory, NEC Corp. and RIKEN, Japan, IQC, University of Waterloo, and Perimeter Institute, Canada, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Japan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, UC Berkeley, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Univ of Maryland, NIST, Boulder, Univ de Sherbrooke, UC Berkeley, QNL, K.U.Leuven, Belgium, Materials Science, Cambridge Univ, UK, Physics, Univ of Oslo and Centre for Advanced Study, Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, DFQ/UNESP, Brazil, DF/UFSCar, Brazil, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Ames Laboratory, Stanford institute for materials and energy science, SLAC, Harvard, The Pennsylvania State University, Zhejiang University, University of South Alabama, Argonne National Laboratory USA, University of Oslo Norway, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Belgium, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Spain, Stanford University, University of Houston, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Dept., Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Excitation order research team, RIKEN SPing-8 Center, Pohang accelerator lab., Seoul National Unv., Yonsei Univ., SUNY at Buffalo, Physics and ECE, Duke University; Army Aviation and Missile RD\&E Center, IMIP-CNR, ECE Dept, Duke University, Nanogenesis Div, AEgis Technology, Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, 02467, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA, School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK, Princeton University, Columbia University, Dept. of Physics, Columbia University, Dept. of Chemistry, Princeton University, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York 11973 USA, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, The University of Hong Kong, University of Washington, University of Tennessee \& Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Cavendish Laboratories, Cambridge University, United Kingdom, Queen's University, Trent University, California State University, Los Angeles, Argonne National Lab, Ningbo University, Department of Materials Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Dept. of Chem., CICECO, Univ. of Aveiro, Portugal; WCU, C2E2, School of Chem. and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, SNU, Seoul, Korea, Dept. of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal, IOP and Beijing Nat. Lab. for Cond. Matt. Phys., CAS, Beijing, China, LPEM, ESPCI-ParisTech-UPMC-CNRS, Paris, France, LPEM, ESPCI-ParisTech-UPMC-CNRS, Paris, France; IOP and Beijing Nat. Lab. for Cond. Matt. Phys., CAS, Beijing, China, LPEM, ESPCI-ParisTech-UPMC-CNRS, Paris, France; School of Science, BUPT, Beijing, China, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nebraska, National Inst. of Technology Warangal - 506004 (A.P) India, Boise State University, Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK, Laboratorie de Physique des Solides, Universite Parsi-Sud, CNRS UMR 8502, F-91405 Orsay, France, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology \& CNRS-Institut N\`{e}el, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Tamkang University, University of Science and Technology of China, Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, NM 87117, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College at the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue New York, NY 10065, USA, Cornell University, Tohoku University, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, CIN2 (ICN-CSIC) and Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Catalan Institute of Nanotechnology, Spain, ICREA, Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avan\c{c}ats, Spain, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Institut de la Matiere Condensee et des Nanosciences (IMCN), NAPS-ETSF, Belgium, Case Western Reserve University, STMicroelectronics, NSRDEC, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), IPC Department Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore (India), ETSF, Dept. Materials Science, Universit\`a di Milano-Bicocca (Italy), CNR -- National Research Council of Italy, ISTM (Italy), Dep. of Microtechnology and Nanoscience - MC2, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Goteborg, Sweden, University of Vienna, Vienna University of Technology, Physics Department, The Pennsylvania State University, Physics Department, Tulane University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Minnesota, NIST Center for Neutron Research, ETH Hoenggerberg, Switzerland, Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute RAS, Russia, Saint Petersburg State University and Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute RAS, Russia, University of Toronto, Canadian Light Source, Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, IFW Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, U. Kentucky, Kentucky 40506., Dept. of Physics, University of Toronto, Canada M5S 1A7, APS, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois 60439, USA, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven Natiional Laboratory, NY 11973, Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin f\"ur Materialien und Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany, Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom, Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156X, 38042 Grenoble, France., IISER Pune, Sai Trinity Building, Garware Circle, Sutarwadi, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411021, India, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena - USP, University of Winnipeg, McMaster University, Chalk River Laboratories, University of Manitoba, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Brookhaven National Laboratory, HFIR, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, SNS, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, LLB, CEA Saclay, University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Univeristy of Virginia, Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA, University of California, Santa Barbara, University of Basel, University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, National University of Singapore, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, FSMRL, UIUC, FSMRL and ICMT, UIUC, FSMRL and Institute for Condensed Matter Theory (ICMT), UIUC, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Goethe Universitaet Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Goethe Universitaet Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, BNL, Upton, NY 11973, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA, KYOKUGEN, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan, HLD-HZDR, 01328 Dresden, Germany, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, NEST Scuola Normale Superiore \& CNR NANO p.zza S. Silvestro 12 56127 Pisa Italy, IMEM CNR parco Area delle Scienze 37/A 43010 Parma Italy, Yonsei University, Postech, Korea Institute of Science \& Technology, Yonsei University, Korea Institute of Science \& Technology, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, University of Maryland, Physics and Applied Physics Departments, Columbia University, Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Department of Physics, Lehigh University, WISE CONTROL Inc., R\&D Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Univeristy of Southern California, Department of Electrical Engineering, Univeristy of Southern California, Sungkyunkwan Univ. Natural Sciences Campus, Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, LG Institute, Umyeon-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Korea, Yonsei Univ., Sinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea, University of Wisconsin - La Crosse, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, CAS; Lund University, the Ohio State University, Los Alamos National Lab, UC Riverside, Physics Department, UC Davis, INLN, Universit\'e de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Department of Physics, Ohio State University, California Institute of Technology, Deparatment of Physics, Harvard University, University of Arizona, University of Tsukuba, Kazakh National University, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, VA, USA, New York University, MIT, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan 115, R.O.C., Dept. of Physics and Center for Complex Systems, National Central University, Chungli, Taiwan 320, R.O.C, Louisiana State University, University of Gottingen, Osaka University, Northwestern University, Tokyo Institute of Technology, University Augsburg, Humboldt-University Berlin, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, Kodak Research Laboratories, Rochester, NY 14650, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Eletrical Engineering Department and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, Grad. Sc. of Eng. Sci., Osaka University, Dept. of Appl. Phys., Tokyo University, Dept. of Phys., Tohoku University, National Institute for Materials Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Humboldt Universit\"at zu Berlin, Helmholtz-Zentrumm Berlin f\"ur Materialien und Energie GmbH, Materials Science Program, Department of Physics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT-05405, National Synchrotron light source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY-11973, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann arbor, MI- 48109, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA, Fritz-Haber-Institut der MPG, NEC corporation, CSMR, NYU, USA, Brandeis University, USA, Department of Physics, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany, PMMH, UMR 7636 CNRS-ESPCI-Universit\'es Paris 6 and 7, Henri Poincare Group of Complex Systems and Superconductivity Laboratory, University of Havana, UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Penn Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania, Clemson University, Korea Univ., KAIST, University of Guelph, Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA and CINDEFI, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina, Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, Center for Nonlinear Dynamics and Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, University of California, Los Angeles, Harvard University, Technical University Berlin, UCLA Bioengineering, UIUC Physics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Third Institute of Physics, Georg-August-Universitaet Goettingen, Dept. Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Dept. Struct. Macromol., Centro Nacional de Biotecnolog\'ia, Campus Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Johns Hopkins University, University of Pennsylvania, Syracuse University, Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo and JST CREST, Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tsinghua University, University of Utah, Wuerzburg Universitat, Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan, Kavli Institue for Theoretical Physics, Tsukuba University, Nanyang Technological University, Department of Physics, SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, Washington State University, University of Hong Kong, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, The University of Akron, Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Stanford Unversity, Dept. of Physics, Stanford University, Cond. Mat. and Matls. Div., Lawrence Livermore National Lab, CNAM, University of Maryland, College Park, Universitat Wurzburg, University of Geneva, Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario, CA, Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, Departamento de Fisica Aplicada II, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain ; Department of Physics, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Lab \& CQuIC, University of New Mexico, Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, and Institute for Optical Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Weizmann Institute of Science, IQIS, University of Calgary, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Singapore and Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 16-19, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, University of California, Merced, University of California, Riverside, Department of Electrical Engineering, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA and University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA and the University of Colorado, Universite de Sherbrooke, ETH Zurich, Universit\'{e} de Sherbrooke, University of Calgary, Saarland University, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN, Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, CCSE, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, University of Tennessee/ORNL, Oak Rigde National Laboratory (ORNL), CREOL - the College of Optics and Photonics, Univ. of Central Florida, Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany, Institute of Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou University, P.R. China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, NUSNNI-Nanocore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Theoretische Physik III, Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany, Brookhaven Natl. Lab., Dept. of Phys., Univ. of Crete and FORTH \& Div. of Phys. and Appl. Phys., Nanyang Tech. Univ., Dept. of Phys. \& Natl. High Magnetic Field Lab., Florida State Univ., SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, The Missouri Research Reactor, Univ. Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, Ames Laboratory and Dept. Phys. Astron., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011, LANL, BNL, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Los Alamos National Lab (LANL), Los Alamos, NM, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439 \& Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Institut Laue Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, BP156, Grenoble Cedex 9, France, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, The University of Tokyo, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Dept. of Physics, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, Technion, Israel, Institute for Optical Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada, Osaka University, Japan, University of Tokyo, Japan, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA, Canadian Light Source, Canada, University of Toronto, Canada, Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Crystalline Materials Science, Nagoya University, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Pennsylvania State University, Nagoya University, The University of Liverpool, School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, CINT, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 1001, Taiwan, Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan, Physics Department, University of Arkansas, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratories, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, ICQD, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Physics, USTC, Department of Physics, Hanyang University, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics, TU Graz, Graz, Austria, Department of Physics, Columbia University, Department of Applied Physics, Columbia University, Institute of Physics and Applied Physics, Yonsei University, Korea, Department of Physics, Inha University, Korea, Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Iowa State University and Ames Laboratory, Jackson State University, Fudan University/ The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Oak Ridge National Laboratory / Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory / The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Flucto-Order Functions Research Team, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea, Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea, The Ohio State University, University of Iowa, Queen Mary University of London, University of Fribourg, CH, Institut Neel Grenoble, FR., Imperial London, UK, ISIS Muon Facility, UK, University of Texas at Austin, USA, University of Bielefeld, Germany, University of Applied Sciences, Bielefeld, Germany, The Ames Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China, Trinity College Dublin, Solid state physics division, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austia, Institute of Applied Physics, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany, Peter Gr\"unberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum J\"ulich, D-52425 J\"ulich, Germany, SISSA, Trieste, Italy, CEA Saclay, France, IBM Research - Almaden, San Jose, CA, USA, Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universitat Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Universitat Potsdam, Institut fur Chemie, Potsdam, Germany, Department of Physics, Korea University, Physics Department, IIT Kanpur, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92521, Dept. of Physics, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, Physics Department, University of Arizona, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Physics Department, UC Berkeley and LBNL, Physics Department, UC Berkeley, School of Physics, University of Exeter, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Tennessee, National Institute for Materials Science, Japan, NIMS, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicine Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Kansas State University, Naval Research Laboratory, Surface Nanoscience and Sensor Technology, Washington DC, 20375, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dept. of Mech. Science and Eng., Urbana, IL, 61801, University of Kansas, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fujian, China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China, University of Connecticut, Northern Illinois University, University of Hartford, University of Groningen, NHMFL, NHMFL/FSU, Department of Physics, POSTECH, Pohang, 790-784, Korea, University at Buffalo-SUNY, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, National Research Council Canada, University of Ottawa, University of Chicago, University College London, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, England, UK, Institut f\"{u}r Materialwissenschaft, Universit\"{a}t Stuttgart 70569, Germany, Oak Ridge National Lab, Ames Laboratory, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, Advanced Photon Source, ANL, Argonne, IL, ESS, Lund, Sweden, ISIS, RAL, UK, ILL, Grenoble, France, University of Warwick, UK, Univ of Orleans, Univ of Paris, Univ of Cincinnati, University of Strassbourg, Horiba Jobin Yvon Inc., New Jersey, Washington University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of North Carolina, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Naval Research Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Suzhou Institute of Nanotechnology and Nanobionics, penn state univeristy, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, Altoona College, Altoona, PA 16601, USA, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA, Technology Research Association for Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, Smalley Institute, Rice University, ECE and Physics and Astronomy Department, Rice University, Oregon State University, The Univ. of Tokyo, Tokyo Metropolitan Univ., Waseda Univ., Tohoku Univ., Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA, University of Texas at Austin, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom, University of Geneva, Switzerland, IOP and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, CAS, Beijing, China, LPEM, ESPCI-ParisTech-UPMC-CNRS, Paris, France; 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Cambridge, U of IL at Urbana, Univeristy of Colorado, Quantum Matter Institute and Department of Physics \& Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T\,1Z4, Canada, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy, Superconducting Electronics Group, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T\,1Z1, Canada, SIMES, SLAC and GLAM, Departments Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, Nanoelectronics Research Institute, AIST, SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Lab, University of Colorado, Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM, Condensed Matter Physics \& Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY, Department of Physics, Temple University - 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Tokyo, JST-ERATO/Keio Univ., World-famous Chef, Levich Institute and Physics Departement, the City College of New York, Cyprus University of Technology, University of Maryland -- College Park, Physic Dept., University of Edinburgh, Physic Dept., The University of Science and Technology of China, Physic Dept., The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Leiden University, City College New York, MSM, CTW, University of Twente, 7500EA Enschede (NL), Universit\'e Paris-Est, Deparment of Physics, West Chester University, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology at the MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Physics and Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Department of Physics, Yale University, IRPHE, University of Latvia, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Fa{\ss}berg 17, D-37077 G\"ottingen, Germany, DWI an der RWTH Aachen e.V. and Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany, Kent State University Liquid Crystal Institute, California State University, Department of Physics, Slippery Rock University, Department of Physics and Liquid Crystal Material Research Center, University of Colorado-Boulder, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA, Department of Radiology, BWH, Harvard Medical School, Clarkson University, The Renal Center, The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Maryland - College Park, University of California - San Diego, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Lab and CQuIC, University of New Mexico, CQIQC and IOS, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Kanazawa University, National High Magnetic Field Lab, Smith College, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of California, Irvine, Harrish-Chandra Research Institute, Chhatnag Road Jhunsi, Allahabad 211019, India, Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Physics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, RMIT University, Electrochemical Energy Research Laboratory, General Motors Company, Honeoye Falls, NY 14472, Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Institute for Material Research and Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, Sam Houston State University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea, Universidade de Brasilia, Brazil, University of Michigan - Dearborn, Applied Sciences, Inc. 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Phys., Univ.of Tokyo, CMRG and CERG, RIKEN ASI, Japan, Toyota Central R and D Laboratories, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA, UCSD, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Department of Physics and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, University of Florida, Technische Universit\"at Kaiserslautern, Germany, The Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, NEC Corporation, Toho Univeresity, Peter Gruenberg Institut, Forschungszentrum Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany, RetiredDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7079, USA, Peter Gr\"unberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum J\"ulich, 52425 J\"ulich, Germany, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY 11973, Argonne National Laboratory, Center for Nanoscale Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139, Department of Physics, Center for Hierarchical Manufacturing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Dpto. F\'isica, Universidad de Oviedo, Calvo Sotelo, Materials Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Departament de F\'isica Fonamental, Universitat de Barcelona, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, JAPAN, School of Fundamental Studies, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Rd., Shanghai 201620, PR CHINA, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, New York 10598, USA, University Paris 6, France, University of L`Aquila, Italy, PNNL, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, Department of Physics, RPI, Troy, New York 12180, USA, U. of Maryland, East Tennessee State University, Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA, IMCN, UCL, Belgium, ORNL, USA, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, USA, IPICYT, Mexico, Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Universidad de Vigo, Spain, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Universite Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay, France, Department of Applied Physics and CRISP, Yale University, National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Tennessee \& Fudan University, Department of Physics, University of California, Riverside, University of California-Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory-Advanced Light Source Division, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 2840, Spain, Belarus Academy of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, Department of Physics and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA, McMaster University, Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, Neutron Scattering Sciences Division, ORNL, Oak Ridge, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA-93106-9530, Department of Physics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA-93106-9530, Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan, Department of Physics, Saga University, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fuer Materialien und Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany, Jilin Univ, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80305, National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO 80401, CNMS, ORNL, CHiPS, NCSU, Department of Physics, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan,, Department of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), Universit\"at Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Faculte des Sciences de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia, Instituto de Fisica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Spain, Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Switzerland, JQI/UMD, JQI/NIST/UMD, LPS, UMD, Harvard University, Department of Chemistry, Center for Ultracold Atoms, Department of Physics, MIT, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian center for Astrophysics, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Yale University, Austrian Academy of Science, Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Physics, UC Santa Barbara, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Department of Chemistry, Institute of Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, Monta Vista High School, The Wheatley School, Garden City High School, Yale University Physics Dept., Yale University, School of Medicine Dept. of Pathology, Yale University, School of Medicine Dept. of Internal Medicine, Laser Biomedical Research Center, G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, MIT, Division of Clinical Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology