Local structure and spin states of Mn-Co and Fe-Co codoped Ge epitaxial films of dilute magnetic semiconductors

Codoping with Co has been shown to promote successful dilution of magnetic dopants of Mn and Fe into Ge up to a combined doping level of 15 at. {\%}. Local structure, magnetic moment, and spin-dependant states of these diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have been probed as a function of composition using X-ray and tunneling spectroscopy techniques. Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) measurements reveal an increased level of substitution for each dopant species with respect to traditional single dopant DMS materials. A codoped environment results in 70{\%} of Mn and 90{\%} of Co successfully incorporating substitutionally into the Ge lattice. The remaining dopants are seen to form interstitial dimmers and trimers rather than metallic precipitates. Tunneling spectroscopy measurements on these systems through Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ barriers using both Nb and Fe as spin detectors will be discussed in their correlation with the structural results.