Multi-layer graphene derived from graphite fluoride

ORAL

Abstract

We produce multi-layer graphene through the reduction of graphene fluoride. Graphite fluoride (CF) is synthesized by reacting F$_2$ with graphite at 500 - 600$^{o}$C. We obtain few- layer CF sheets through mechanical exfoliation and characterize their properties with electron diffraction, TEM, AFM, Raman and transport measurements. Electron diffraction spectra of fluorinated few-layer CF show the persistence of six-fold hexagonal symmetry and long-range in-plane crystalline order. Domains of varying thickness in both AFM and TEM measurements suggest an incomplete fluorination. Raman spectra of few-layer CF show the appearance of a D band ($\sim$1350 cm$^{-1}$) as expected from sp$^{3}$ bonding. Few-layer CF sheets are defluorinated in flowing H$_2$/Ar (10$\%$/90$\%$) at 500 - 600$^ {o} $C. AFM studies of defluorinated CF show a pronounced decrease in roughness and thickness, suggesting the removal of fluorine. Raman spectra of defluorinated CF show a reduced background with an enhanced 2D peak ($\sim$2700 cm$^{-1}$). We present transport measurements in field effect transistors fabricated from CF and defluorinated sheets and compare with that of pristine graphene and graphene-oxide reduced graphene.

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Authors

  • S.H. Cheng

    Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University

  • K. Zou

    Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, Penn State University

  • Awnish Gupta

    Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Physics Department, Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, Penn State University

  • Humberto Gutierrez

    Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, Physics Department, Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, Physics Department, Penn State University

  • Peter Eklund

    Physics Department, Penn State University, Dept. of Physics, Penn State, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engeering, The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Physics Department, Material Science \& Engineering Department, Department of Physics, Department of Material Sciece and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science \& Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, Physics Department,Materials Science \& Engineering Department, Pennsylvania State University

  • Jorge Sofo

    Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, Physics Department, Penn State University

  • J. Zhu

    Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Physics, Penn State University

  • F. Okino

    Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University