Multi-Component Cosmological Plasma and Dark Energy Mixing Modes

An attempt at providing a plasma physics based interpretation of the most recent observations [1] on the accelerated expansion of galaxies has led to introduce and begin to identify the characteristics of a cosmological plasma [2] that is composed of three populations with different mass densities: “field galaxies”, “loaded galaxy clusters” and the containing dark matter. Considering that the mass density of the field galaxies exceeds that of galaxy clusters a population mixing mode is identified that is analogous to the “impurity” modes [3] introduced for well confined laboratory plasmas. In this case, the mode sustaining factor is the thermal energy of light population that includes a “Dark Energy” component. The increase of the expansion velocity with the distance is maintained by this mode. A “thermal energy” transport equation, based on those adopted for laboratory plasmas and involving a diffusion process and an outgoing counter diffusion flux of thermal energy, a “Dark Wind”, is proposed.

[1] A.G. Adame et al. DESI 2024 VII: Cosmological Constraints from the Full- Shape Modeling of Clustering Measurements. arXiv:2411.12022, 55 p. (2024).

[2] B. Coppi and V.Ricci Alternatives to Current Dark Energy Models. MIT (LNS) Report HEP 25/01 (2025) and preprint HAL hal-05102920.

[3] B. Coppi, H.P. Furth, M.N. Rosenbluth, R.Z. Sagdeev Drift Instabilities due to impurity ions Phys. Rev. Lett. 17, 377-379 (1966)