Additive Dispersions for Improved Densification of Ultrafine-Grained Tungsten

The development of tungsten (W) with ultrafine grains represents a significant advancement in improving ductility, lowering ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT), and enhancing resistance to irradiation damage. However, achieving a highly dense and ultrafine-grained W during the consolidation process remains a considerable challenge. This research investigates the incorporation of titanium (Ti) and silicon carbide (SiC) additives into the field-assisted sintering of W nanopowder. The characterization process of the precursor powders' grain size and phase composition was conducted using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), along with X-ray diffraction (XRD). The density and average grain size of the samples after sintering were evaluated using the Archimedes method as well as backscattered electron microscopy, respectively. Furthermore, the distribution of additives and reaction products within the tungsten matrix was evaluated through SEM/EDS analysis. The research aims to develop a composite material that enhances the properties of tungsten for plasma-facing material applications in nuclear fusion, with an expectation of improved performance and durability under extreme conditions, therefore contributing to advances in fusion technologies.