Understanding Climate Change from the Overview of Stratospheric Plasma Dynamics

This paper aims to explore and review non-anthropogenic sources of near-surface emissions to cause ozone depletion. The ozone layer, created in the stratosphere by solar radiation to absorb solar ultraviolet radiation and terrestrial infrared radiation, is embedded in plasma, a state of matter resulting from a gaseous, electrically quasineutral medium of unbound positive and negative particles. Plasma temperature (kelvin or electronvolts), a measure of the thermal kinetic energy per particle, characterizes low energy electrons (< 30 keV) that alter plasma chemical composition forming odd nitrogen and odd hydrogen oxides which catalyze the destruction of ozone. Energetic electron precipitation relates to a decrease in ozone in the polar middle mesosphere all the winter and in the polar stratosphere and lower mesosphere from December onwards. Decreases in stratospheric ozone volume relate to climate change through ozone chemistry fluctuations of polar annular modes and its Greenhouse Gas (GHG) features. Different international ozone layer protection agreements help limit stratospheric ozone depletion thereby its adverse effects.