Two-dimensional MHD simulations and development of an applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic thruster

Plasma propulsion devices such as magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters, while possessing simple coaxial architectures, exhibit complex particle dynamics which impact thruster performance and optimization strategies. In this study, a two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation of an applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic thruster prototype is conducted to analyze the expected characteristics of the flow field in axial-radial dimensions and key performance parameters. The investigation of the applied conditions of magnetic field, flow rate, voltage, and thruster geometry are used to determine features such as the localization of acceleration and ionization. Features of the prototype from initial testing are also discussed. These results reveal the dynamics of the flow field and provide insights into the physics of prototypes currently under development.