Excitation of whistler waves in Earth magnetosphere with antennas

In this work, we revisit linear theory for excitation of electromagnetic waves in magnetized plasma. The theory is revisited to find whistler waves emitted by antennas. In-depth analysis indicates that previous studies did not properly account for wave damping due to collisions or Landau damping. The discrepancy is caused by improper dispersion relation used for waves in the presence of damping which resulted in unphysical radiation patterns. We correct this inconsistency and demonstrate a method for finding proper dispersion relations in anisotropic dispersive media with damping. The modified theory is applied to study excitation of waves in the VLF frequency range for space applications. The angular distribution of emitted power and the impedance of antenna if found numerically for various plasma parameters.