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Extrapolation of the Runaway Electron Benign Termination Scenario to ITER

ORAL

Abstract

D2 injection into mature runaway electron (RE) beams is found to enable access to a benign termination scenario that can mitigate MA-level RE currents without measurable wall heating. This result is enabled by the excitation of large and sudden MHD events (dB/B ~ 5%) that are found to promptly disperse the entire RE population over a large wetted area, with MHD accelerated by a recombined background plasma [1,2]. Fast RE loss timescales (<< ms) also prevent magnetic to kinetic energy conversion. We review benign termination phenomenology with published data from existing devices and focus on extrapolation to ITER, specifically: 1) vertical displacement event evolution and MHD instability access; 2) the required wetted area enhancement to disperse the kinetic energy; 3) the impact of the increased avalanche gain. Using the DINA code, we find that high current ITER RE beams should robustly access edge q of 3 & 2, where instability is expected. Using the MARS-F code, we find that the large-scale dispersal of RE kinetic energy is expected if dB/B is high. The large avalanche gain in ITER poses a severe challenge, likely requiring multiple cycles of the benign loss to fully terminate a high current RE beam. [1] Paz-Soldan et al PPCF 2019 & NF 2021 [2] Reux et al PRL 2021.

Presenters

  • Carlos A Paz-Soldan

    Columbia University, General Atomics - San Diego

Authors

  • Carlos A Paz-Soldan

    Columbia University, General Atomics - San Diego

  • Ksenia Aleynikova

    Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics - Greifswald

  • Pavel Aleynikov

    Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics - Greifswald

  • Matthew T Beidler

    Oak Ridge National Lab

  • Diego Del-Castillo-Negrete

    Oak Ridge National Lab

  • Cedric Reux

    CEA-France

  • Yueqiang Q Liu

    General Atomics - San Diego, General Atomics

  • Nicholas Eidietis

    General Atomics, GA

  • Eric M Hollmann

    University of California, San Diego