Lepton-driven Bell Instability: linear growth and saturation of the magnetic field

Streaming instabilities driven by energetic charged particles are very crucial for understanding the self-confinement of these particles near the sources in astrophysical environments. Using kinetic plasma simulations, we investigate non-resonant (Bell) streaming instability driven by energetic leptons. We identify the conditions to drive the instability, characterise the linear and saturated stages and compare the results with the proton-driven case. Our results are important for understanding the phenomenology of astrophysical environments where leptons are accelerated (e.g., oblique shocks and around pulsar wind nebulae), and also laboratory experiments.