Progress on the Development of Low Pressure High Density Plasmas on the Helicon Plasma Experiment (HPX)

POSTER

Abstract

The small Helicon Plasma Experiment (HPX) at the Coast Guard Academy Plasma Lab (CGAPL), continues to progress toward utilizing the reputed high densities (10$^{\mathrm{13}}$ cm$^{\mathrm{-3}}$ and higher) at low pressure (.01 T) [1] of helicons, for eventual high temperature and density diagnostic development in future laboratory investigations. HPX is designed to create repeatedly stable plasmas (\textasciitilde 20 - 30 ns) induced by an RF frequency in the 10 to 70 MHz range. HPX has constructed a protected Langmuir probe where raw data will be collected, compared to the RF compensated probe and used to measure the plasma's density, temperature, and behavior during experiments. Our 2.5 J YAG laser Thomson Scattering system backed by a 32-channel Data Acquisition (DAQ) system is capable 12 bits of sampling precision at 2 MS/s for HPX plasma property investigations are being integrated into the existing diagnostics and control architecture. Progress on the construction of the RF coupling system, Helicon Mode development, and magnetic coils, along with observations from the Thomson Scattering, particle, and electromagnetic scattering diagnostics will be reported.

Authors

  • R.W. James

    U.S. Coast Guard Academy

  • A. M. Garofalo

    Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Technical University Darmstadt, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, OH, Harbin Institute of Technology, SPbGU, WVU, the University of Tokyo, Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Chemistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, Teknopark, Plazma Tek., Suleyman Demirel University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Saint Petersburg Mining University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM, Department of Fundamental of Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Romania, Laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes, CNRS, Univ. du Havre, France, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon, Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, ENS Cachan and Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay, France, Physics Faculty, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania, University of Texas at Austin, University of Colorado at Denver, University of Saskatchewan, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Greifswald, GERMANY, Univ Carlos III De Madrid, SPAIN, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China, The University of Western Australia, Caltech, Kyushu University, Japan, LLNL, Dartmouth College, Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, General Atomics, Center for Energy Research, Univ of California - San Diego, University of Rochester, Michigan State University, California State University, Northridge, Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics, Woodruff Scientific, Inc., Univ of Maryland, Baltimore County, Dartmouth Coll, PSFC, MIT, LLE, Univ. Rochester, PPPL/USTC, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, Texas A&M University, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, LANL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Oxford, HZDR, Osaka University, IMPMC, European XFEL, MIT, Prism Computational Sciences, Imperial College London, West Virginia University, First Light Fusion, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sorbonne Universités, Univ. Michigan, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom, ORNL, CCFE UK, MIT-PSFC, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Univ of Michigan, Sandia National Labs, General Fusion, General Fusion Inc., University of California San Diego, Magneto Inertial Fusion, Inc, Cornell University, (UCSD), (MIFTI), National Security Technologies, LLC, (UNR), Univ.of California, San Diego (UCSD), Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, Univ.of Nevada, Reno (UNR), HyperV Technologies Corp., HyperV Technologies, University of Washington, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Univ of Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, UCLA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. Washington, UT Knoxville, U Washington, U. Tennessee, Princeton U., Columbia U., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Tokamak Energy Ltd, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan Coast Guard, University of Hyogo, Columbia University, GA, Uni. Gratz, IPP Garching, Consorzio RFX, LPP-ERM/KMS, Brussels, Belgium, FZJ, Julich, Germany, IPFN, IST, Univ. LIsbon, Portugal, Consorzio RFX, Padova, ITaly, CCFE, Abingdon, UK, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, EUROfusion PMU, USP Brazil, EPFL Switzerland, Univ. Seville, MPG, IPP, MIT, PSFC, EPFL, SPC, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland, SPC-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology and Chengdu University, Southwestern Institute of Physics, PO Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China, ASIPP, Natl Fusion Res Inst, NFRI, National Fusion Research Institute, University of Alberta, Univ of California - Los Angeles, U. Maryland, EPFL, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, University of Iowa, ILPP, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, LULI, Palaiseau, CEA, Arpajon, The University of Iowa, Independent Consultant through Syntek Technologies, Inc., Naval Research Laboratory, Princeton University, Colorado State University, UCSD, U. of Greifswald, TUM, Lawrence U., MPI for Plasma Physics, University of California, San Diego, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of California, Berkeley, Lockheed-Martin, University of Michigan, LLE, ULPGC, UNR, SNL, Imperial College, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Univ. of Rochester, Purdue University, University of Alaska Anchorage, University of Strathclyde, The Cockcroft Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Tech-X Corporation, RadiaSoft LLC, Univ of California - Irvine, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Peking University, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, LOA, 91762 Palaiseau, France, Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CEA DAM DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, University of California Los Angeles, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Texas, SWIP, INEST, SPC, EPFL, KIAM, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Tennessee, University of Tennesee Knoxville, Oak Ridge National Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Pisa, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, U. Wisconsin, UC-Berkeley, University of Wisconsin, Madison, University of California, Irvine, Univ of Sci & Tech of China, Institute of Physics, CAS, National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya Univ., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton Univ., Swiss Plasma Center, Lausanne CH, University of Colorado, Boulder, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Fourth State Research, Univ of Maryland-College Park, University of Maryland - College Park, Seoul National University, Korea, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, LBL, U. Colorado, Intel Corporation, Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Univ of Texas at Austin, West Virginia Univ, Lodestar Res Corp, Univ of Texas, Austin, CCFE, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academic of Sciences, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic, NIFS, University of Tsukuba, Kyushu University, Royal Military Academy, Belgium, FAR-TECH, Inc., CompX, MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, XCEL Engineering, Tech-X, NKUA, Greece, NTUA, Greece, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Austin, Institute of Laser Engineering, Univ of California - San Diego, US Naval Research Laboratory, Univ of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Starfire Industries, Los Alamos Natl Lab, The University of Texas at Austin and Cornell University, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Far-Tech Inc., Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, STFC RAL, Didcot, UK, SLAC, IST Lisbon, Portugal, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, ROMANIA, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Universidad de Buenos Aires, University of Strathclyde, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Washington Univ., LBNL, Lanzhou Univ., TU Darmstadt, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Bryn Mawr College, Swarthmore College, HyperJet Fusion, UNM, CASPER - Baylor University, Baylor University, Region 12 Service Center, Illinois Applied Research Institute, Univ. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of California at San Diego, CASPER - Baylor University and Institute of Materials Physics in Space, German Aerospace Center (DLR), CASPER - Baylor University and Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, CASPER - Baylor University and Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary, DHU, University of Tennessee - Knoxville, University of Illinois - Champaign, PPPL, USA, GA, USA, LLNL, USA, ASIPP, China, University of Science and Technology of China, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, University of California, Los Angeles, JHU, HU, G.A., NASA/GSFC, NRL, Tohoku University, Air-Force Research Laboratory, FLASH center for computational science, Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., The Ohio State University, The Ohio State University, Univ of Tsukuba, Oxford University, UK, Imperial College London, UK, University of St Andrews, UK, KU Leuven, Belgium, Virginia Tech, Leidos, National Cheng Kung University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Los Alamos National Lab, DLUT, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCI, Irvine CA 92697, Fusion Simulation Center, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871, DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, University of York, Retired, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Department of Engineering Physics, 53706 Madison, WI, USA, General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 – 5608, USA, ITER Organization, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France, NFRI (Korea), UC-Davis, UW-Madison, UIUC, Lodestar, UC Irvine, University of Texas, Austin, U of Nev/Reno, V. Tech, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA/Service d’Astrophysique, CE Saclay, Ohio State University, U Oxford, U Chicago, ETH Zurich, Queens U Belfast, UNIST, LULI, U Wisconsin-Madison, MPIA Garching, CEA, RAL, The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, ILE, Osaka Univ., GPI, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Miami University Hamilton, University of Texas Austin, GIST, AWE, Tech-X Corp, Utah State University, LLE, University of Rochester, NY, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, University of New Mexico, University of Nevada, Sandia Natl Labs, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Los Alamos Nattional Laboratory, general atomic, los alamos national laboratory, Diamond Materials GmbH, Drexel University, Insititute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of Colorado Boulder, KU Leuven-Herrero, KU Leuven, OSU, Harvard University, Dept. of Physics, U. of Edinburgh, Voss Scientific, European XFEL GmbH, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, ORAU, Oregon State U, ITER, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Florida State University, Nuclear Research Center, California State University, East Bay, University of Colorado, Space Science Institute, Rice University, University of New Hampshire, Durham, Princeton University, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, KULeuven and Von Karman Institut, IGI-CNR, Thammasat University, Thailand, University of Exeter, University of California Berkeley, University of Maryland, University of Delaware, Queens University, Universitá della Calabria, South University of Science and Technology of China, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, LLNL, Livermore, CA, LLE, Rochester, NY, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Goddard Planetary Heliophysics Institute, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Chicago, Universita della Calabria, Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, Tech-X Corporation, University of Colorado/Tech-X Corporation, Applied Materials, Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Nihon University, UES, inc., AFRL, INTEPH Technologies LLC, SPbSU, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Friedrich-Alexander University, Auburn University, University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, MIT PSFC, University of Arkansas, Georgia Tech, General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92121, USA, Princeton Plasma Physisics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, UTK, (GA), (UTIAS), (SNL), (ORNL), (UTK), Queen's University of Belfast, U.Toronto, UT-K, UWM, NRCN, Israel, University of Warwick, Flash Center for Computational Physics, University of Chicago, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, SINP, India, UMichigan, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, Southwestern Institute of Physics, Southwest Jiaotong University, IFS, UT Austin, ENEA, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Central Laser Facility-STFC/RAL, GoLP/Instituto Superior Tecnico, Air Force Research Laboratory, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA, Lancaster University, ILE, Osaka Univ, Japan, GPI, Japan, CELIA, Univ of Bordeaux, LLE, Univ of Rochester, Dipartimento SBAI, Universita' di Roma "La Sapienza", Italy, University of California at Davis, Kyungpook National University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Seoul Natl Univ, Formerly at General Atomics, National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea, National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, 509 5292, Japan, POSTECH, UNIST, NFRI, ITER Organization, Univ. Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, HZDR, Germany, Univ. of Bordeaux, France, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, Russia, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, University of Plymouth, UK, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW72BZ, UK, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Romania, West Virginia University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytech Inst, University of Colorado at Boulder, IPP-Greifswald, Columbia University, USA, Institute of Plasma Physics, China, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, Kyoto Institute of Technology, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Xantho Technologies, LLC, Madison, WI, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ. Wisconsin-Madison, TriAlpha Energy, Inc., UW - Madison, Wheaton College, Wheaton College, IL, University of Madison-Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI USA, Wheaton College, Wheaton IL USA, Chalmers University of Technology, U-Wisconsin, YPI, SUNY Geneseo, Gettysburg, United States Coast Guard Academy, New London, CT 06320, Marquette University, Aarhus University, University Of Manchester And The Cockcroft Institute, SRI International, Andrews University, Stanford University, Eindhoven University of Technology, Laboratory of Laser Energetics, Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, State University of New York at Geneseo, Houghton College, Nuclear Research Center, University of Michigan, Bryn Mawr College, University of Michigan, ISCTE-IUL Portugal, IPFN/IST Portugal, ESRF, France, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, European XFEL, Germany, Osaka University, Japan, LULI, France, DESY, Germany, IMPMC, France, UC Davis, National Nuclear Security Administration, U. of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center, Negev, Israel, Dept. of Modern Mechanics, U. of Science and Technology of China, Auburn Univ, Andrews Univ, JHU/APL, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Plymouth, ILE, U. Michigan, U. Bordeaux, U. Alberta, HZDR, Dresden, Germany and TU-Dresden, Germany, European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, germany, Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany, University Siegen, Germany, HZDR, Dresden, Germany, University of Hamburg, University of Strathclyde, SLAC, DESY, Max Plank Institute, Swiss Plasma Center, Lodestar Corp., UC,Irvine, Johns Hopkins University, University of Science and Tech of China, General Atomics, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, None, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University of Sheffield, IST, SDSC, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, QST, UCI, Stonybrook U., Oak Ridge Associated Universities, DIFFER, U-Michigan, PoliTO, U. Wisc-Madison, Lehigh U, Lehigh University, UW, University of Texas - Austin, Institute of Applied Physics - RAS, Universite de Bordeaux/celia, CEA/DAM/Cesta, Institute for Fusion Sciences, University of Texas in Austin, University de Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, CELIA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany, University of Maryland, College Park, Peking University, China, Fundamental Physics Simulation Research Division, National Institute for Fusion Science, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ, Photon Pioneers Center, Osaka Univ, Department of Innovation Systems Engineering, Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences Course, Utsunomiya Univ, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom, Air Force Research Laboratory/Directed Energy Directorate, Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Wisconsin Madison, U Colorado, Princeton, Universit\'{e} de Toulouse and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Wisconsin- Madison, The University of Tokyo, Photeck LTD, Kentech Instruments LTD, Atomic Weapons Establishment, NIST, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Ilia State Univ.; Tbilisi State Univ., Harvard, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; German Aerospace Center, 51147 Cologne, Germany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MA 02138, USA, Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA, Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, SLAC National Accelerator Laborotary, Lawrence Livermore National Laborotary, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, OxfordU, OsakaU, UAlberta, Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, The Ohio State University / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., ISSI, FLASH Center for Computational Science, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University / Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc. (ISSI), Technical University of Darmstadt, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitaet, Muenchen, Max-Planck-Institut for Quantenoptik, Korea Adv Inst of Sci & Tech, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Instituto Balseiro, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Zhejiang Univ, Department of Physics, University of York, UK, CCFE, Culham Science Centre,UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany, Consorzio RFX, Italy, Sichuan University, Tibbar Plasma Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Tri Alpha Energy, Columbia U, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Laboratorio Nacional de Fusi\'on, CIEMAT, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, NYU, Univ of Md, College Park, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, IPP Greifswald, Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Greifswald, Germany, Max Planck Institut f{\"u}r Plasmaphysik, IPP, UW Madison, Max-Plank-Institut für Plamaphysik, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Voss Scientific LLC, Goerz Engineering Solutions LLCGoerz Engineering Solutions LLC, National Security Technologies, Berkeley Research Associates, Imperial College, London, ISAPS, Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,University of Alabama-Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97310, Waco, Texas 76798-7310, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Dept. Phys. Auburn University, PFSC, MIT, CEA DAM DIF, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100094, China, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China, Peking Univ, Hunan Univ, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physcis, INRS, Univ of Rochester, USTC, Hefei, China, IAPCM, Beijing, China, OXF, UC, Ulsan National Institute of Science Technology, Queen’s University Belfast, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratoire d’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), CEA France, Univ. of Oxford (OXF), JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, University of New Hampshire, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, RMorePhysics, Nuclear Research Center Negev, Oxford, U. Chicago, Osaka U., Systems and Technology Research, LLE/Univ. of Rochester, Research Support Instruments, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, U. of Rochester, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, China, U. of Science and Technology of China, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Sensor Sciences, Kentech Instruments, University of Science and Tech of China, CIMS-NYU, Lockheed Martin, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, Lockheed Martin - Palmdale, Zhejiang University, Plasma-Surface Interactions Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois, Univ. Tennessee-Knoxville, University of Illinois, Princeton Univ, Tri Alpha Energy, Foothill Ranch, CA, Tri Alpha Energy, Inc., BINP, KU & MIT, U. Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, Princeton U., Univ of Washington, CfA-Harvard, Princeton University, PPPL, UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, IST - GoLP, Portugal, 15810953809, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, U. Oxford, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab; Texas A&M Univ., Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, University of Manchester, Hiroshima University, ISEE, Nagoya University, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Institute of Physics ASCR, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Eindhoven University of Technology, Ecole Polytechnique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, Photonics Institute, Vienna University of Technology, IST Portugal, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fuso Nuclear, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, LLNL and UCLA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,

  • A. M. Garofalo

    Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Technical University Darmstadt, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, OH, Harbin Institute of Technology, SPbGU, WVU, the University of Tokyo, Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Chemistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, Teknopark, Plazma Tek., Suleyman Demirel University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Saint Petersburg Mining University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM, Department of Fundamental of Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Romania, Laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes, CNRS, Univ. du Havre, France, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon, Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, ENS Cachan and Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay, France, Physics Faculty, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania, University of Texas at Austin, University of Colorado at Denver, University of Saskatchewan, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Greifswald, GERMANY, Univ Carlos III De Madrid, SPAIN, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China, The University of Western Australia, Caltech, Kyushu University, Japan, LLNL, Dartmouth College, Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, General Atomics, Center for Energy Research, Univ of California - San Diego, University of Rochester, Michigan State University, California State University, Northridge, Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics, Woodruff Scientific, Inc., Univ of Maryland, Baltimore County, Dartmouth Coll, PSFC, MIT, LLE, Univ. Rochester, PPPL/USTC, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, Texas A&M University, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, LANL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Oxford, HZDR, Osaka University, IMPMC, European XFEL, MIT, Prism Computational Sciences, Imperial College London, West Virginia University, First Light Fusion, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sorbonne Universités, Univ. Michigan, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom, ORNL, CCFE UK, MIT-PSFC, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Univ of Michigan, Sandia National Labs, General Fusion, General Fusion Inc., University of California San Diego, Magneto Inertial Fusion, Inc, Cornell University, (UCSD), (MIFTI), National Security Technologies, LLC, (UNR), Univ.of California, San Diego (UCSD), Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, Univ.of Nevada, Reno (UNR), HyperV Technologies Corp., HyperV Technologies, University of Washington, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Univ of Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, UCLA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. Washington, UT Knoxville, U Washington, U. Tennessee, Princeton U., Columbia U., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Tokamak Energy Ltd, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan Coast Guard, University of Hyogo, Columbia University, GA, Uni. Gratz, IPP Garching, Consorzio RFX, LPP-ERM/KMS, Brussels, Belgium, FZJ, Julich, Germany, IPFN, IST, Univ. LIsbon, Portugal, Consorzio RFX, Padova, ITaly, CCFE, Abingdon, UK, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, EUROfusion PMU, USP Brazil, EPFL Switzerland, Univ. Seville, MPG, IPP, MIT, PSFC, EPFL, SPC, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland, SPC-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology and Chengdu University, Southwestern Institute of Physics, PO Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China, ASIPP, Natl Fusion Res Inst, NFRI, National Fusion Research Institute, University of Alberta, Univ of California - Los Angeles, U. Maryland, EPFL, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, University of Iowa, ILPP, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, LULI, Palaiseau, CEA, Arpajon, The University of Iowa, Independent Consultant through Syntek Technologies, Inc., Naval Research Laboratory, Princeton University, Colorado State University, UCSD, U. of Greifswald, TUM, Lawrence U., MPI for Plasma Physics, University of California, San Diego, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of California, Berkeley, Lockheed-Martin, University of Michigan, LLE, ULPGC, UNR, SNL, Imperial College, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Univ. of Rochester, Purdue University, University of Alaska Anchorage, University of Strathclyde, The Cockcroft Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Tech-X Corporation, RadiaSoft LLC, Univ of California - Irvine, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Peking University, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, LOA, 91762 Palaiseau, France, Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CEA DAM DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, University of California Los Angeles, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Texas, SWIP, INEST, SPC, EPFL, KIAM, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Tennessee, University of Tennesee Knoxville, Oak Ridge National Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Pisa, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, U. Wisconsin, UC-Berkeley, University of Wisconsin, Madison, University of California, Irvine, Univ of Sci & Tech of China, Institute of Physics, CAS, National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya Univ., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton Univ., Swiss Plasma Center, Lausanne CH, University of Colorado, Boulder, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Fourth State Research, Univ of Maryland-College Park, University of Maryland - College Park, Seoul National University, Korea, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, LBL, U. Colorado, Intel Corporation, Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Univ of Texas at Austin, West Virginia Univ, Lodestar Res Corp, Univ of Texas, Austin, CCFE, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academic of Sciences, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic, NIFS, University of Tsukuba, Kyushu University, Royal Military Academy, Belgium, FAR-TECH, Inc., CompX, MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, XCEL Engineering, Tech-X, NKUA, Greece, NTUA, Greece, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Austin, Institute of Laser Engineering, Univ of California - San Diego, US Naval Research Laboratory, Univ of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Starfire Industries, Los Alamos Natl Lab, The University of Texas at Austin and Cornell University, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Far-Tech Inc., Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, STFC RAL, Didcot, UK, SLAC, IST Lisbon, Portugal, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, ROMANIA, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Universidad de Buenos Aires, University of Strathclyde, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Washington Univ., LBNL, Lanzhou Univ., TU Darmstadt, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Bryn Mawr College, Swarthmore College, HyperJet Fusion, UNM, CASPER - Baylor University, Baylor University, Region 12 Service Center, Illinois Applied Research Institute, Univ. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of California at San Diego, CASPER - Baylor University and Institute of Materials Physics in Space, German Aerospace Center (DLR), CASPER - Baylor University and Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, CASPER - Baylor University and Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary, DHU, University of Tennessee - Knoxville, University of Illinois - Champaign, PPPL, USA, GA, USA, LLNL, USA, ASIPP, China, University of Science and Technology of China, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, University of California, Los Angeles, JHU, HU, G.A., NASA/GSFC, NRL, Tohoku University, Air-Force Research Laboratory, FLASH center for computational science, Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., The Ohio State University, The Ohio State University, Univ of Tsukuba, Oxford University, UK, Imperial College London, UK, University of St Andrews, UK, KU Leuven, Belgium, Virginia Tech, Leidos, National Cheng Kung University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Los Alamos National Lab, DLUT, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCI, Irvine CA 92697, Fusion Simulation Center, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871, DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, University of York, Retired, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Department of Engineering Physics, 53706 Madison, WI, USA, General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 – 5608, USA, ITER Organization, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France, NFRI (Korea), UC-Davis, UW-Madison, UIUC, Lodestar, UC Irvine, University of Texas, Austin, U of Nev/Reno, V. Tech, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA/Service d’Astrophysique, CE Saclay, Ohio State University, U Oxford, U Chicago, ETH Zurich, Queens U Belfast, UNIST, LULI, U Wisconsin-Madison, MPIA Garching, CEA, RAL, The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, ILE, Osaka Univ., GPI, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Miami University Hamilton, University of Texas Austin, GIST, AWE, Tech-X Corp, Utah State University, LLE, University of Rochester, NY, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, University of New Mexico, University of Nevada, Sandia Natl Labs, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Los Alamos Nattional Laboratory, general atomic, los alamos national laboratory, Diamond Materials GmbH, Drexel University, Insititute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of Colorado Boulder, KU Leuven-Herrero, KU Leuven, OSU, Harvard University, Dept. of Physics, U. of Edinburgh, Voss Scientific, European XFEL GmbH, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, ORAU, Oregon State U, ITER, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Florida State University, Nuclear Research Center, California State University, East Bay, University of Colorado, Space Science Institute, Rice University, University of New Hampshire, Durham, Princeton University, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, KULeuven and Von Karman Institut, IGI-CNR, Thammasat University, Thailand, University of Exeter, University of California Berkeley, University of Maryland, University of Delaware, Queens University, Universitá della Calabria, South University of Science and Technology of China, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, LLNL, Livermore, CA, LLE, Rochester, NY, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Goddard Planetary Heliophysics Institute, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Chicago, Universita della Calabria, Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, Tech-X Corporation, University of Colorado/Tech-X Corporation, Applied Materials, Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Nihon University, UES, inc., AFRL, INTEPH Technologies LLC, SPbSU, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Friedrich-Alexander University, Auburn University, University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, MIT PSFC, University of Arkansas, Georgia Tech, General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92121, USA, Princeton Plasma Physisics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, UTK, (GA), (UTIAS), (SNL), (ORNL), (UTK), Queen's University of Belfast, U.Toronto, UT-K, UWM, NRCN, Israel, University of Warwick, Flash Center for Computational Physics, University of Chicago, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, SINP, India, UMichigan, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, Southwestern Institute of Physics, Southwest Jiaotong University, IFS, UT Austin, ENEA, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Central Laser Facility-STFC/RAL, GoLP/Instituto Superior Tecnico, Air Force Research Laboratory, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA, Lancaster University, ILE, Osaka Univ, Japan, GPI, Japan, CELIA, Univ of Bordeaux, LLE, Univ of Rochester, Dipartimento SBAI, Universita' di Roma "La Sapienza", Italy, University of California at Davis, Kyungpook National University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Seoul Natl Univ, Formerly at General Atomics, National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea, National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, 509 5292, Japan, POSTECH, UNIST, NFRI, ITER Organization, Univ. Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, HZDR, Germany, Univ. of Bordeaux, France, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, Russia, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, University of Plymouth, UK, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW72BZ, UK, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Romania, West Virginia University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytech Inst, University of Colorado at Boulder, IPP-Greifswald, Columbia University, USA, Institute of Plasma Physics, China, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, Kyoto Institute of Technology, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Xantho Technologies, LLC, Madison, WI, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ. Wisconsin-Madison, TriAlpha Energy, Inc., UW - Madison, Wheaton College, Wheaton College, IL, University of Madison-Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI USA, Wheaton College, Wheaton IL USA, Chalmers University of Technology, U-Wisconsin, YPI, SUNY Geneseo, Gettysburg, United States Coast Guard Academy, New London, CT 06320, Marquette University, Aarhus University, University Of Manchester And The Cockcroft Institute, SRI International, Andrews University, Stanford University, Eindhoven University of Technology, Laboratory of Laser Energetics, Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, State University of New York at Geneseo, Houghton College, Nuclear Research Center, University of Michigan, Bryn Mawr College, University of Michigan, ISCTE-IUL Portugal, IPFN/IST Portugal, ESRF, France, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, European XFEL, Germany, Osaka University, Japan, LULI, France, DESY, Germany, IMPMC, France, UC Davis, National Nuclear Security Administration, U. of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center, Negev, Israel, Dept. of Modern Mechanics, U. of Science and Technology of China, Auburn Univ, Andrews Univ, JHU/APL, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Plymouth, ILE, U. Michigan, U. Bordeaux, U. Alberta, HZDR, Dresden, Germany and TU-Dresden, Germany, European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, germany, Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany, University Siegen, Germany, HZDR, Dresden, Germany, University of Hamburg, University of Strathclyde, SLAC, DESY, Max Plank Institute, Swiss Plasma Center, Lodestar Corp., UC,Irvine, Johns Hopkins University, University of Science and Tech of China, General Atomics, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, None, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University of Sheffield, IST, SDSC, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, QST, UCI, Stonybrook U., Oak Ridge Associated Universities, DIFFER, U-Michigan, PoliTO, U. Wisc-Madison, Lehigh U, Lehigh University, UW, University of Texas - Austin, Institute of Applied Physics - RAS, Universite de Bordeaux/celia, CEA/DAM/Cesta, Institute for Fusion Sciences, University of Texas in Austin, University de Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, CELIA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany, University of Maryland, College Park, Peking University, China, Fundamental Physics Simulation Research Division, National Institute for Fusion Science, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ, Photon Pioneers Center, Osaka Univ, Department of Innovation Systems Engineering, Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences Course, Utsunomiya Univ, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom, Air Force Research Laboratory/Directed Energy Directorate, Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Wisconsin Madison, U Colorado, Princeton, Universit\'{e} de Toulouse and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Wisconsin- Madison, The University of Tokyo, Photeck LTD, Kentech Instruments LTD, Atomic Weapons Establishment, NIST, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Ilia State Univ.; Tbilisi State Univ., Harvard, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; German Aerospace Center, 51147 Cologne, Germany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MA 02138, USA, Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA, Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, SLAC National Accelerator Laborotary, Lawrence Livermore National Laborotary, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, OxfordU, OsakaU, UAlberta, Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, The Ohio State University / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., ISSI, FLASH Center for Computational Science, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University / Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc. (ISSI), Technical University of Darmstadt, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitaet, Muenchen, Max-Planck-Institut for Quantenoptik, Korea Adv Inst of Sci & Tech, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Instituto Balseiro, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Zhejiang Univ, Department of Physics, University of York, UK, CCFE, Culham Science Centre,UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany, Consorzio RFX, Italy, Sichuan University, Tibbar Plasma Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Tri Alpha Energy, Columbia U, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Laboratorio Nacional de Fusi\'on, CIEMAT, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, NYU, Univ of Md, College Park, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, IPP Greifswald, Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Greifswald, Germany, Max Planck Institut f{\"u}r Plasmaphysik, IPP, UW Madison, Max-Plank-Institut für Plamaphysik, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Voss Scientific LLC, Goerz Engineering Solutions LLCGoerz Engineering Solutions LLC, National Security Technologies, Berkeley Research Associates, Imperial College, London, ISAPS, Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,University of Alabama-Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97310, Waco, Texas 76798-7310, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Dept. Phys. Auburn University, PFSC, MIT, CEA DAM DIF, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100094, China, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China, Peking Univ, Hunan Univ, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physcis, INRS, Univ of Rochester, USTC, Hefei, China, IAPCM, Beijing, China, OXF, UC, Ulsan National Institute of Science Technology, Queen’s University Belfast, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratoire d’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), CEA France, Univ. of Oxford (OXF), JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, University of New Hampshire, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, RMorePhysics, Nuclear Research Center Negev, Oxford, U. Chicago, Osaka U., Systems and Technology Research, LLE/Univ. of Rochester, Research Support Instruments, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, U. of Rochester, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, China, U. of Science and Technology of China, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Sensor Sciences, Kentech Instruments, University of Science and Tech of China, CIMS-NYU, Lockheed Martin, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, Lockheed Martin - Palmdale, Zhejiang University, Plasma-Surface Interactions Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois, Univ. Tennessee-Knoxville, University of Illinois, Princeton Univ, Tri Alpha Energy, Foothill Ranch, CA, Tri Alpha Energy, Inc., BINP, KU & MIT, U. Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, Princeton U., Univ of Washington, CfA-Harvard, Princeton University, PPPL, UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, IST - GoLP, Portugal, 15810953809, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, U. Oxford, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab; Texas A&M Univ., Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, University of Manchester, Hiroshima University, ISEE, Nagoya University, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Institute of Physics ASCR, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Eindhoven University of Technology, Ecole Polytechnique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, Photonics Institute, Vienna University of Technology, IST Portugal, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fuso Nuclear, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, LLNL and UCLA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,

  • A. M. Garofalo

    Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Technical University Darmstadt, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, OH, Harbin Institute of Technology, SPbGU, WVU, the University of Tokyo, Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Chemistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, Teknopark, Plazma Tek., Suleyman Demirel University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Saint Petersburg Mining University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM, Department of Fundamental of Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Romania, Laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes, CNRS, Univ. du Havre, France, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon, Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, ENS Cachan and Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay, France, Physics Faculty, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania, University of Texas at Austin, University of Colorado at Denver, University of Saskatchewan, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Greifswald, GERMANY, Univ Carlos III De Madrid, SPAIN, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China, The University of Western Australia, Caltech, Kyushu University, Japan, LLNL, Dartmouth College, Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, General Atomics, Center for Energy Research, Univ of California - San Diego, University of Rochester, Michigan State University, California State University, Northridge, Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics, Woodruff Scientific, Inc., Univ of Maryland, Baltimore County, Dartmouth Coll, PSFC, MIT, LLE, Univ. Rochester, PPPL/USTC, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, Texas A&M University, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, LANL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Oxford, HZDR, Osaka University, IMPMC, European XFEL, MIT, Prism Computational Sciences, Imperial College London, West Virginia University, First Light Fusion, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sorbonne Universités, Univ. Michigan, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom, ORNL, CCFE UK, MIT-PSFC, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Univ of Michigan, Sandia National Labs, General Fusion, General Fusion Inc., University of California San Diego, Magneto Inertial Fusion, Inc, Cornell University, (UCSD), (MIFTI), National Security Technologies, LLC, (UNR), Univ.of California, San Diego (UCSD), Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, Univ.of Nevada, Reno (UNR), HyperV Technologies Corp., HyperV Technologies, University of Washington, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Univ of Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, UCLA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. Washington, UT Knoxville, U Washington, U. Tennessee, Princeton U., Columbia U., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Tokamak Energy Ltd, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan Coast Guard, University of Hyogo, Columbia University, GA, Uni. Gratz, IPP Garching, Consorzio RFX, LPP-ERM/KMS, Brussels, Belgium, FZJ, Julich, Germany, IPFN, IST, Univ. LIsbon, Portugal, Consorzio RFX, Padova, ITaly, CCFE, Abingdon, UK, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, EUROfusion PMU, USP Brazil, EPFL Switzerland, Univ. Seville, MPG, IPP, MIT, PSFC, EPFL, SPC, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland, SPC-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology and Chengdu University, Southwestern Institute of Physics, PO Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China, ASIPP, Natl Fusion Res Inst, NFRI, National Fusion Research Institute, University of Alberta, Univ of California - Los Angeles, U. Maryland, EPFL, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, University of Iowa, ILPP, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, LULI, Palaiseau, CEA, Arpajon, The University of Iowa, Independent Consultant through Syntek Technologies, Inc., Naval Research Laboratory, Princeton University, Colorado State University, UCSD, U. of Greifswald, TUM, Lawrence U., MPI for Plasma Physics, University of California, San Diego, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of California, Berkeley, Lockheed-Martin, University of Michigan, LLE, ULPGC, UNR, SNL, Imperial College, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Univ. of Rochester, Purdue University, University of Alaska Anchorage, University of Strathclyde, The Cockcroft Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Tech-X Corporation, RadiaSoft LLC, Univ of California - Irvine, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Peking University, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, LOA, 91762 Palaiseau, France, Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CEA DAM DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, University of California Los Angeles, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Texas, SWIP, INEST, SPC, EPFL, KIAM, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Tennessee, University of Tennesee Knoxville, Oak Ridge National Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Pisa, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, U. Wisconsin, UC-Berkeley, University of Wisconsin, Madison, University of California, Irvine, Univ of Sci & Tech of China, Institute of Physics, CAS, National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya Univ., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton Univ., Swiss Plasma Center, Lausanne CH, University of Colorado, Boulder, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Fourth State Research, Univ of Maryland-College Park, University of Maryland - College Park, Seoul National University, Korea, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, LBL, U. Colorado, Intel Corporation, Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Univ of Texas at Austin, West Virginia Univ, Lodestar Res Corp, Univ of Texas, Austin, CCFE, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academic of Sciences, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic, NIFS, University of Tsukuba, Kyushu University, Royal Military Academy, Belgium, FAR-TECH, Inc., CompX, MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, XCEL Engineering, Tech-X, NKUA, Greece, NTUA, Greece, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Austin, Institute of Laser Engineering, Univ of California - San Diego, US Naval Research Laboratory, Univ of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Starfire Industries, Los Alamos Natl Lab, The University of Texas at Austin and Cornell University, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Far-Tech Inc., Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, STFC RAL, Didcot, UK, SLAC, IST Lisbon, Portugal, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, ROMANIA, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Universidad de Buenos Aires, University of Strathclyde, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Washington Univ., LBNL, Lanzhou Univ., TU Darmstadt, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Bryn Mawr College, Swarthmore College, HyperJet Fusion, UNM, CASPER - Baylor University, Baylor University, Region 12 Service Center, Illinois Applied Research Institute, Univ. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of California at San Diego, CASPER - Baylor University and Institute of Materials Physics in Space, German Aerospace Center (DLR), CASPER - Baylor University and Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, CASPER - Baylor University and Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary, DHU, University of Tennessee - Knoxville, University of Illinois - Champaign, PPPL, USA, GA, USA, LLNL, USA, ASIPP, China, University of Science and Technology of China, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, University of California, Los Angeles, JHU, HU, G.A., NASA/GSFC, NRL, Tohoku University, Air-Force Research Laboratory, FLASH center for computational science, Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., The Ohio State University, The Ohio State University, Univ of Tsukuba, Oxford University, UK, Imperial College London, UK, University of St Andrews, UK, KU Leuven, Belgium, Virginia Tech, Leidos, National Cheng Kung University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Los Alamos National Lab, DLUT, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCI, Irvine CA 92697, Fusion Simulation Center, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871, DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, University of York, Retired, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Department of Engineering Physics, 53706 Madison, WI, USA, General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 – 5608, USA, ITER Organization, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France, NFRI (Korea), UC-Davis, UW-Madison, UIUC, Lodestar, UC Irvine, University of Texas, Austin, U of Nev/Reno, V. Tech, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA/Service d’Astrophysique, CE Saclay, Ohio State University, U Oxford, U Chicago, ETH Zurich, Queens U Belfast, UNIST, LULI, U Wisconsin-Madison, MPIA Garching, CEA, RAL, The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, ILE, Osaka Univ., GPI, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Miami University Hamilton, University of Texas Austin, GIST, AWE, Tech-X Corp, Utah State University, LLE, University of Rochester, NY, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, University of New Mexico, University of Nevada, Sandia Natl Labs, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Los Alamos Nattional Laboratory, general atomic, los alamos national laboratory, Diamond Materials GmbH, Drexel University, Insititute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of Colorado Boulder, KU Leuven-Herrero, KU Leuven, OSU, Harvard University, Dept. of Physics, U. of Edinburgh, Voss Scientific, European XFEL GmbH, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, ORAU, Oregon State U, ITER, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Florida State University, Nuclear Research Center, California State University, East Bay, University of Colorado, Space Science Institute, Rice University, University of New Hampshire, Durham, Princeton University, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, KULeuven and Von Karman Institut, IGI-CNR, Thammasat University, Thailand, University of Exeter, University of California Berkeley, University of Maryland, University of Delaware, Queens University, Universitá della Calabria, South University of Science and Technology of China, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, LLNL, Livermore, CA, LLE, Rochester, NY, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Goddard Planetary Heliophysics Institute, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Chicago, Universita della Calabria, Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, Tech-X Corporation, University of Colorado/Tech-X Corporation, Applied Materials, Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Nihon University, UES, inc., AFRL, INTEPH Technologies LLC, SPbSU, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Friedrich-Alexander University, Auburn University, University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, MIT PSFC, University of Arkansas, Georgia Tech, General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92121, USA, Princeton Plasma Physisics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, UTK, (GA), (UTIAS), (SNL), (ORNL), (UTK), Queen's University of Belfast, U.Toronto, UT-K, UWM, NRCN, Israel, University of Warwick, Flash Center for Computational Physics, University of Chicago, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, SINP, India, UMichigan, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, Southwestern Institute of Physics, Southwest Jiaotong University, IFS, UT Austin, ENEA, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Central Laser Facility-STFC/RAL, GoLP/Instituto Superior Tecnico, Air Force Research Laboratory, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA, Lancaster University, ILE, Osaka Univ, Japan, GPI, Japan, CELIA, Univ of Bordeaux, LLE, Univ of Rochester, Dipartimento SBAI, Universita' di Roma "La Sapienza", Italy, University of California at Davis, Kyungpook National University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Seoul Natl Univ, Formerly at General Atomics, National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea, National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, 509 5292, Japan, POSTECH, UNIST, NFRI, ITER Organization, Univ. Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, HZDR, Germany, Univ. of Bordeaux, France, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, Russia, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, University of Plymouth, UK, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW72BZ, UK, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Romania, West Virginia University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytech Inst, University of Colorado at Boulder, IPP-Greifswald, Columbia University, USA, Institute of Plasma Physics, China, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, Kyoto Institute of Technology, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Xantho Technologies, LLC, Madison, WI, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ. Wisconsin-Madison, TriAlpha Energy, Inc., UW - Madison, Wheaton College, Wheaton College, IL, University of Madison-Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI USA, Wheaton College, Wheaton IL USA, Chalmers University of Technology, U-Wisconsin, YPI, SUNY Geneseo, Gettysburg, United States Coast Guard Academy, New London, CT 06320, Marquette University, Aarhus University, University Of Manchester And The Cockcroft Institute, SRI International, Andrews University, Stanford University, Eindhoven University of Technology, Laboratory of Laser Energetics, Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, State University of New York at Geneseo, Houghton College, Nuclear Research Center, University of Michigan, Bryn Mawr College, University of Michigan, ISCTE-IUL Portugal, IPFN/IST Portugal, ESRF, France, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, European XFEL, Germany, Osaka University, Japan, LULI, France, DESY, Germany, IMPMC, France, UC Davis, National Nuclear Security Administration, U. of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center, Negev, Israel, Dept. of Modern Mechanics, U. of Science and Technology of China, Auburn Univ, Andrews Univ, JHU/APL, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Plymouth, ILE, U. Michigan, U. Bordeaux, U. Alberta, HZDR, Dresden, Germany and TU-Dresden, Germany, European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, germany, Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany, University Siegen, Germany, HZDR, Dresden, Germany, University of Hamburg, University of Strathclyde, SLAC, DESY, Max Plank Institute, Swiss Plasma Center, Lodestar Corp., UC,Irvine, Johns Hopkins University, University of Science and Tech of China, General Atomics, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, None, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University of Sheffield, IST, SDSC, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, QST, UCI, Stonybrook U., Oak Ridge Associated Universities, DIFFER, U-Michigan, PoliTO, U. Wisc-Madison, Lehigh U, Lehigh University, UW, University of Texas - Austin, Institute of Applied Physics - RAS, Universite de Bordeaux/celia, CEA/DAM/Cesta, Institute for Fusion Sciences, University of Texas in Austin, University de Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, CELIA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany, University of Maryland, College Park, Peking University, China, Fundamental Physics Simulation Research Division, National Institute for Fusion Science, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ, Photon Pioneers Center, Osaka Univ, Department of Innovation Systems Engineering, Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences Course, Utsunomiya Univ, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom, Air Force Research Laboratory/Directed Energy Directorate, Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Wisconsin Madison, U Colorado, Princeton, Universit\'{e} de Toulouse and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Wisconsin- Madison, The University of Tokyo, Photeck LTD, Kentech Instruments LTD, Atomic Weapons Establishment, NIST, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Ilia State Univ.; Tbilisi State Univ., Harvard, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; German Aerospace Center, 51147 Cologne, Germany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MA 02138, USA, Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA, Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, SLAC National Accelerator Laborotary, Lawrence Livermore National Laborotary, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, OxfordU, OsakaU, UAlberta, Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, The Ohio State University / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., ISSI, FLASH Center for Computational Science, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University / Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc. (ISSI), Technical University of Darmstadt, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitaet, Muenchen, Max-Planck-Institut for Quantenoptik, Korea Adv Inst of Sci & Tech, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Instituto Balseiro, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Zhejiang Univ, Department of Physics, University of York, UK, CCFE, Culham Science Centre,UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany, Consorzio RFX, Italy, Sichuan University, Tibbar Plasma Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Tri Alpha Energy, Columbia U, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Laboratorio Nacional de Fusi\'on, CIEMAT, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, NYU, Univ of Md, College Park, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, IPP Greifswald, Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Greifswald, Germany, Max Planck Institut f{\"u}r Plasmaphysik, IPP, UW Madison, Max-Plank-Institut für Plamaphysik, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Voss Scientific LLC, Goerz Engineering Solutions LLCGoerz Engineering Solutions LLC, National Security Technologies, Berkeley Research Associates, Imperial College, London, ISAPS, Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,University of Alabama-Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97310, Waco, Texas 76798-7310, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Dept. Phys. Auburn University, PFSC, MIT, CEA DAM DIF, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100094, China, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China, Peking Univ, Hunan Univ, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physcis, INRS, Univ of Rochester, USTC, Hefei, China, IAPCM, Beijing, China, OXF, UC, Ulsan National Institute of Science Technology, Queen’s University Belfast, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratoire d’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), CEA France, Univ. of Oxford (OXF), JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, University of New Hampshire, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, RMorePhysics, Nuclear Research Center Negev, Oxford, U. Chicago, Osaka U., Systems and Technology Research, LLE/Univ. of Rochester, Research Support Instruments, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, U. of Rochester, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, China, U. of Science and Technology of China, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Sensor Sciences, Kentech Instruments, University of Science and Tech of China, CIMS-NYU, Lockheed Martin, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, Lockheed Martin - Palmdale, Zhejiang University, Plasma-Surface Interactions Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois, Univ. Tennessee-Knoxville, University of Illinois, Princeton Univ, Tri Alpha Energy, Foothill Ranch, CA, Tri Alpha Energy, Inc., BINP, KU & MIT, U. Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, Princeton U., Univ of Washington, CfA-Harvard, Princeton University, PPPL, UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, IST - GoLP, Portugal, 15810953809, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, U. Oxford, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab; Texas A&M Univ., Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, University of Manchester, Hiroshima University, ISEE, Nagoya University, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Institute of Physics ASCR, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Eindhoven University of Technology, Ecole Polytechnique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, Photonics Institute, Vienna University of Technology, IST Portugal, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fuso Nuclear, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, LLNL and UCLA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,

  • A. M. Garofalo

    Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Technical University Darmstadt, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, OH, Harbin Institute of Technology, SPbGU, WVU, the University of Tokyo, Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Chemistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, Teknopark, Plazma Tek., Suleyman Demirel University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Saint Petersburg Mining University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM, Department of Fundamental of Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Romania, Laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes, CNRS, Univ. du Havre, France, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon, Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, ENS Cachan and Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay, France, Physics Faculty, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania, University of Texas at Austin, University of Colorado at Denver, University of Saskatchewan, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Greifswald, GERMANY, Univ Carlos III De Madrid, SPAIN, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China, The University of Western Australia, Caltech, Kyushu University, Japan, LLNL, Dartmouth College, Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, General Atomics, Center for Energy Research, Univ of California - San Diego, University of Rochester, Michigan State University, California State University, Northridge, Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics, Woodruff Scientific, Inc., Univ of Maryland, Baltimore County, Dartmouth Coll, PSFC, MIT, LLE, Univ. Rochester, PPPL/USTC, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, Texas A&M University, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, LANL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Oxford, HZDR, Osaka University, IMPMC, European XFEL, MIT, Prism Computational Sciences, Imperial College London, West Virginia University, First Light Fusion, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sorbonne Universités, Univ. Michigan, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom, ORNL, CCFE UK, MIT-PSFC, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Univ of Michigan, Sandia National Labs, General Fusion, General Fusion Inc., University of California San Diego, Magneto Inertial Fusion, Inc, Cornell University, (UCSD), (MIFTI), National Security Technologies, LLC, (UNR), Univ.of California, San Diego (UCSD), Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, Univ.of Nevada, Reno (UNR), HyperV Technologies Corp., HyperV Technologies, University of Washington, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Univ of Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, UCLA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. Washington, UT Knoxville, U Washington, U. Tennessee, Princeton U., Columbia U., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Tokamak Energy Ltd, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan Coast Guard, University of Hyogo, Columbia University, GA, Uni. Gratz, IPP Garching, Consorzio RFX, LPP-ERM/KMS, Brussels, Belgium, FZJ, Julich, Germany, IPFN, IST, Univ. LIsbon, Portugal, Consorzio RFX, Padova, ITaly, CCFE, Abingdon, UK, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, EUROfusion PMU, USP Brazil, EPFL Switzerland, Univ. Seville, MPG, IPP, MIT, PSFC, EPFL, SPC, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland, SPC-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology and Chengdu University, Southwestern Institute of Physics, PO Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China, ASIPP, Natl Fusion Res Inst, NFRI, National Fusion Research Institute, University of Alberta, Univ of California - Los Angeles, U. Maryland, EPFL, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, University of Iowa, ILPP, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, LULI, Palaiseau, CEA, Arpajon, The University of Iowa, Independent Consultant through Syntek Technologies, Inc., Naval Research Laboratory, Princeton University, Colorado State University, UCSD, U. of Greifswald, TUM, Lawrence U., MPI for Plasma Physics, University of California, San Diego, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of California, Berkeley, Lockheed-Martin, University of Michigan, LLE, ULPGC, UNR, SNL, Imperial College, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Univ. of Rochester, Purdue University, University of Alaska Anchorage, University of Strathclyde, The Cockcroft Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Tech-X Corporation, RadiaSoft LLC, Univ of California - Irvine, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Peking University, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, LOA, 91762 Palaiseau, France, Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CEA DAM DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, University of California Los Angeles, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Texas, SWIP, INEST, SPC, EPFL, KIAM, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Tennessee, University of Tennesee Knoxville, Oak Ridge National Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Pisa, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, U. Wisconsin, UC-Berkeley, University of Wisconsin, Madison, University of California, Irvine, Univ of Sci & Tech of China, Institute of Physics, CAS, National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya Univ., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton Univ., Swiss Plasma Center, Lausanne CH, University of Colorado, Boulder, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Fourth State Research, Univ of Maryland-College Park, University of Maryland - College Park, Seoul National University, Korea, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, LBL, U. Colorado, Intel Corporation, Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Univ of Texas at Austin, West Virginia Univ, Lodestar Res Corp, Univ of Texas, Austin, CCFE, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academic of Sciences, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic, NIFS, University of Tsukuba, Kyushu University, Royal Military Academy, Belgium, FAR-TECH, Inc., CompX, MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, XCEL Engineering, Tech-X, NKUA, Greece, NTUA, Greece, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Austin, Institute of Laser Engineering, Univ of California - San Diego, US Naval Research Laboratory, Univ of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Starfire Industries, Los Alamos Natl Lab, The University of Texas at Austin and Cornell University, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Far-Tech Inc., Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, STFC RAL, Didcot, UK, SLAC, IST Lisbon, Portugal, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, ROMANIA, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Universidad de Buenos Aires, University of Strathclyde, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Washington Univ., LBNL, Lanzhou Univ., TU Darmstadt, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Bryn Mawr College, Swarthmore College, HyperJet Fusion, UNM, CASPER - Baylor University, Baylor University, Region 12 Service Center, Illinois Applied Research Institute, Univ. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of California at San Diego, CASPER - Baylor University and Institute of Materials Physics in Space, German Aerospace Center (DLR), CASPER - Baylor University and Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, CASPER - Baylor University and Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary, DHU, University of Tennessee - Knoxville, University of Illinois - Champaign, PPPL, USA, GA, USA, LLNL, USA, ASIPP, China, University of Science and Technology of China, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, University of California, Los Angeles, JHU, HU, G.A., NASA/GSFC, NRL, Tohoku University, Air-Force Research Laboratory, FLASH center for computational science, Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., The Ohio State University, The Ohio State University, Univ of Tsukuba, Oxford University, UK, Imperial College London, UK, University of St Andrews, UK, KU Leuven, Belgium, Virginia Tech, Leidos, National Cheng Kung University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Los Alamos National Lab, DLUT, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCI, Irvine CA 92697, Fusion Simulation Center, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871, DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, University of York, Retired, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Department of Engineering Physics, 53706 Madison, WI, USA, General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 – 5608, USA, ITER Organization, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France, NFRI (Korea), UC-Davis, UW-Madison, UIUC, Lodestar, UC Irvine, University of Texas, Austin, U of Nev/Reno, V. Tech, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA/Service d’Astrophysique, CE Saclay, Ohio State University, U Oxford, U Chicago, ETH Zurich, Queens U Belfast, UNIST, LULI, U Wisconsin-Madison, MPIA Garching, CEA, RAL, The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, ILE, Osaka Univ., GPI, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Miami University Hamilton, University of Texas Austin, GIST, AWE, Tech-X Corp, Utah State University, LLE, University of Rochester, NY, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, University of New Mexico, University of Nevada, Sandia Natl Labs, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Los Alamos Nattional Laboratory, general atomic, los alamos national laboratory, Diamond Materials GmbH, Drexel University, Insititute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of Colorado Boulder, KU Leuven-Herrero, KU Leuven, OSU, Harvard University, Dept. of Physics, U. of Edinburgh, Voss Scientific, European XFEL GmbH, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, ORAU, Oregon State U, ITER, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Florida State University, Nuclear Research Center, California State University, East Bay, University of Colorado, Space Science Institute, Rice University, University of New Hampshire, Durham, Princeton University, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, KULeuven and Von Karman Institut, IGI-CNR, Thammasat University, Thailand, University of Exeter, University of California Berkeley, University of Maryland, University of Delaware, Queens University, Universitá della Calabria, South University of Science and Technology of China, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, LLNL, Livermore, CA, LLE, Rochester, NY, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Goddard Planetary Heliophysics Institute, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Chicago, Universita della Calabria, Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, Tech-X Corporation, University of Colorado/Tech-X Corporation, Applied Materials, Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Nihon University, UES, inc., AFRL, INTEPH Technologies LLC, SPbSU, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Friedrich-Alexander University, Auburn University, University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, MIT PSFC, University of Arkansas, Georgia Tech, General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92121, USA, Princeton Plasma Physisics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, UTK, (GA), (UTIAS), (SNL), (ORNL), (UTK), Queen's University of Belfast, U.Toronto, UT-K, UWM, NRCN, Israel, University of Warwick, Flash Center for Computational Physics, University of Chicago, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, SINP, India, UMichigan, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, Southwestern Institute of Physics, Southwest Jiaotong University, IFS, UT Austin, ENEA, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Central Laser Facility-STFC/RAL, GoLP/Instituto Superior Tecnico, Air Force Research Laboratory, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA, Lancaster University, ILE, Osaka Univ, Japan, GPI, Japan, CELIA, Univ of Bordeaux, LLE, Univ of Rochester, Dipartimento SBAI, Universita' di Roma "La Sapienza", Italy, University of California at Davis, Kyungpook National University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Seoul Natl Univ, Formerly at General Atomics, National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea, National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, 509 5292, Japan, POSTECH, UNIST, NFRI, ITER Organization, Univ. Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, HZDR, Germany, Univ. of Bordeaux, France, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, Russia, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, University of Plymouth, UK, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW72BZ, UK, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Romania, West Virginia University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytech Inst, University of Colorado at Boulder, IPP-Greifswald, Columbia University, USA, Institute of Plasma Physics, China, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, Kyoto Institute of Technology, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Xantho Technologies, LLC, Madison, WI, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ. Wisconsin-Madison, TriAlpha Energy, Inc., UW - Madison, Wheaton College, Wheaton College, IL, University of Madison-Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI USA, Wheaton College, Wheaton IL USA, Chalmers University of Technology, U-Wisconsin, YPI, SUNY Geneseo, Gettysburg, United States Coast Guard Academy, New London, CT 06320, Marquette University, Aarhus University, University Of Manchester And The Cockcroft Institute, SRI International, Andrews University, Stanford University, Eindhoven University of Technology, Laboratory of Laser Energetics, Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, State University of New York at Geneseo, Houghton College, Nuclear Research Center, University of Michigan, Bryn Mawr College, University of Michigan, ISCTE-IUL Portugal, IPFN/IST Portugal, ESRF, France, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, European XFEL, Germany, Osaka University, Japan, LULI, France, DESY, Germany, IMPMC, France, UC Davis, National Nuclear Security Administration, U. of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center, Negev, Israel, Dept. of Modern Mechanics, U. of Science and Technology of China, Auburn Univ, Andrews Univ, JHU/APL, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Plymouth, ILE, U. Michigan, U. Bordeaux, U. Alberta, HZDR, Dresden, Germany and TU-Dresden, Germany, European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, germany, Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany, University Siegen, Germany, HZDR, Dresden, Germany, University of Hamburg, University of Strathclyde, SLAC, DESY, Max Plank Institute, Swiss Plasma Center, Lodestar Corp., UC,Irvine, Johns Hopkins University, University of Science and Tech of China, General Atomics, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, None, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University of Sheffield, IST, SDSC, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, QST, UCI, Stonybrook U., Oak Ridge Associated Universities, DIFFER, U-Michigan, PoliTO, U. Wisc-Madison, Lehigh U, Lehigh University, UW, University of Texas - Austin, Institute of Applied Physics - RAS, Universite de Bordeaux/celia, CEA/DAM/Cesta, Institute for Fusion Sciences, University of Texas in Austin, University de Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, CELIA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany, University of Maryland, College Park, Peking University, China, Fundamental Physics Simulation Research Division, National Institute for Fusion Science, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ, Photon Pioneers Center, Osaka Univ, Department of Innovation Systems Engineering, Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences Course, Utsunomiya Univ, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom, Air Force Research Laboratory/Directed Energy Directorate, Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Wisconsin Madison, U Colorado, Princeton, Universit\'{e} de Toulouse and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Wisconsin- Madison, The University of Tokyo, Photeck LTD, Kentech Instruments LTD, Atomic Weapons Establishment, NIST, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Ilia State Univ.; Tbilisi State Univ., Harvard, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; German Aerospace Center, 51147 Cologne, Germany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MA 02138, USA, Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA, Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, SLAC National Accelerator Laborotary, Lawrence Livermore National Laborotary, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, OxfordU, OsakaU, UAlberta, Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, The Ohio State University / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., ISSI, FLASH Center for Computational Science, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University / Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc. (ISSI), Technical University of Darmstadt, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitaet, Muenchen, Max-Planck-Institut for Quantenoptik, Korea Adv Inst of Sci & Tech, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Instituto Balseiro, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Zhejiang Univ, Department of Physics, University of York, UK, CCFE, Culham Science Centre,UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany, Consorzio RFX, Italy, Sichuan University, Tibbar Plasma Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Tri Alpha Energy, Columbia U, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Laboratorio Nacional de Fusi\'on, CIEMAT, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, NYU, Univ of Md, College Park, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, IPP Greifswald, Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Greifswald, Germany, Max Planck Institut f{\"u}r Plasmaphysik, IPP, UW Madison, Max-Plank-Institut für Plamaphysik, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Voss Scientific LLC, Goerz Engineering Solutions LLCGoerz Engineering Solutions LLC, National Security Technologies, Berkeley Research Associates, Imperial College, London, ISAPS, Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,University of Alabama-Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97310, Waco, Texas 76798-7310, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Dept. Phys. Auburn University, PFSC, MIT, CEA DAM DIF, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100094, China, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China, Peking Univ, Hunan Univ, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physcis, INRS, Univ of Rochester, USTC, Hefei, China, IAPCM, Beijing, China, OXF, UC, Ulsan National Institute of Science Technology, Queen’s University Belfast, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratoire d’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), CEA France, Univ. of Oxford (OXF), JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, University of New Hampshire, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, RMorePhysics, Nuclear Research Center Negev, Oxford, U. Chicago, Osaka U., Systems and Technology Research, LLE/Univ. of Rochester, Research Support Instruments, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, U. of Rochester, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, China, U. of Science and Technology of China, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Sensor Sciences, Kentech Instruments, University of Science and Tech of China, CIMS-NYU, Lockheed Martin, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, Lockheed Martin - Palmdale, Zhejiang University, Plasma-Surface Interactions Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois, Univ. Tennessee-Knoxville, University of Illinois, Princeton Univ, Tri Alpha Energy, Foothill Ranch, CA, Tri Alpha Energy, Inc., BINP, KU & MIT, U. Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, Princeton U., Univ of Washington, CfA-Harvard, Princeton University, PPPL, UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, IST - GoLP, Portugal, 15810953809, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, U. Oxford, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab; Texas A&M Univ., Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, University of Manchester, Hiroshima University, ISEE, Nagoya University, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Institute of Physics ASCR, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Eindhoven University of Technology, Ecole Polytechnique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, Photonics Institute, Vienna University of Technology, IST Portugal, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fuso Nuclear, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, LLNL and UCLA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,

  • A. M. Garofalo

    Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Technical University Darmstadt, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, OH, Harbin Institute of Technology, SPbGU, WVU, the University of Tokyo, Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Chemistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, Teknopark, Plazma Tek., Suleyman Demirel University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Saint Petersburg Mining University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM, Department of Fundamental of Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Romania, Laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes, CNRS, Univ. du Havre, France, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon, Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, ENS Cachan and Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay, France, Physics Faculty, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania, University of Texas at Austin, University of Colorado at Denver, University of Saskatchewan, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Greifswald, GERMANY, Univ Carlos III De Madrid, SPAIN, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China, The University of Western Australia, Caltech, Kyushu University, Japan, LLNL, Dartmouth College, Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, General Atomics, Center for Energy Research, Univ of California - San Diego, University of Rochester, Michigan State University, California State University, Northridge, Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics, Woodruff Scientific, Inc., Univ of Maryland, Baltimore County, Dartmouth Coll, PSFC, MIT, LLE, Univ. Rochester, PPPL/USTC, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, Texas A&M University, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, LANL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Oxford, HZDR, Osaka University, IMPMC, European XFEL, MIT, Prism Computational Sciences, Imperial College London, West Virginia University, First Light Fusion, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sorbonne Universités, Univ. Michigan, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom, ORNL, CCFE UK, MIT-PSFC, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Univ of Michigan, Sandia National Labs, General Fusion, General Fusion Inc., University of California San Diego, Magneto Inertial Fusion, Inc, Cornell University, (UCSD), (MIFTI), National Security Technologies, LLC, (UNR), Univ.of California, San Diego (UCSD), Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, Univ.of Nevada, Reno (UNR), HyperV Technologies Corp., HyperV Technologies, University of Washington, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Univ of Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, UCLA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. Washington, UT Knoxville, U Washington, U. Tennessee, Princeton U., Columbia U., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Tokamak Energy Ltd, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan Coast Guard, University of Hyogo, Columbia University, GA, Uni. Gratz, IPP Garching, Consorzio RFX, LPP-ERM/KMS, Brussels, Belgium, FZJ, Julich, Germany, IPFN, IST, Univ. LIsbon, Portugal, Consorzio RFX, Padova, ITaly, CCFE, Abingdon, UK, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, EUROfusion PMU, USP Brazil, EPFL Switzerland, Univ. Seville, MPG, IPP, MIT, PSFC, EPFL, SPC, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland, SPC-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology and Chengdu University, Southwestern Institute of Physics, PO Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China, ASIPP, Natl Fusion Res Inst, NFRI, National Fusion Research Institute, University of Alberta, Univ of California - Los Angeles, U. Maryland, EPFL, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, University of Iowa, ILPP, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, LULI, Palaiseau, CEA, Arpajon, The University of Iowa, Independent Consultant through Syntek Technologies, Inc., Naval Research Laboratory, Princeton University, Colorado State University, UCSD, U. of Greifswald, TUM, Lawrence U., MPI for Plasma Physics, University of California, San Diego, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of California, Berkeley, Lockheed-Martin, University of Michigan, LLE, ULPGC, UNR, SNL, Imperial College, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Univ. of Rochester, Purdue University, University of Alaska Anchorage, University of Strathclyde, The Cockcroft Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Tech-X Corporation, RadiaSoft LLC, Univ of California - Irvine, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Peking University, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, LOA, 91762 Palaiseau, France, Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CEA DAM DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, University of California Los Angeles, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Texas, SWIP, INEST, SPC, EPFL, KIAM, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Tennessee, University of Tennesee Knoxville, Oak Ridge National Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Pisa, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, U. Wisconsin, UC-Berkeley, University of Wisconsin, Madison, University of California, Irvine, Univ of Sci & Tech of China, Institute of Physics, CAS, National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya Univ., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton Univ., Swiss Plasma Center, Lausanne CH, University of Colorado, Boulder, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Fourth State Research, Univ of Maryland-College Park, University of Maryland - College Park, Seoul National University, Korea, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, LBL, U. Colorado, Intel Corporation, Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Univ of Texas at Austin, West Virginia Univ, Lodestar Res Corp, Univ of Texas, Austin, CCFE, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academic of Sciences, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic, NIFS, University of Tsukuba, Kyushu University, Royal Military Academy, Belgium, FAR-TECH, Inc., CompX, MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, XCEL Engineering, Tech-X, NKUA, Greece, NTUA, Greece, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Austin, Institute of Laser Engineering, Univ of California - San Diego, US Naval Research Laboratory, Univ of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Starfire Industries, Los Alamos Natl Lab, The University of Texas at Austin and Cornell University, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Far-Tech Inc., Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, STFC RAL, Didcot, UK, SLAC, IST Lisbon, Portugal, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, ROMANIA, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Universidad de Buenos Aires, University of Strathclyde, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Washington Univ., LBNL, Lanzhou Univ., TU Darmstadt, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Bryn Mawr College, Swarthmore College, HyperJet Fusion, UNM, CASPER - Baylor University, Baylor University, Region 12 Service Center, Illinois Applied Research Institute, Univ. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of California at San Diego, CASPER - Baylor University and Institute of Materials Physics in Space, German Aerospace Center (DLR), CASPER - Baylor University and Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, CASPER - Baylor University and Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary, DHU, University of Tennessee - Knoxville, University of Illinois - Champaign, PPPL, USA, GA, USA, LLNL, USA, ASIPP, China, University of Science and Technology of China, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, University of California, Los Angeles, JHU, HU, G.A., NASA/GSFC, NRL, Tohoku University, Air-Force Research Laboratory, FLASH center for computational science, Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., The Ohio State University, The Ohio State University, Univ of Tsukuba, Oxford University, UK, Imperial College London, UK, University of St Andrews, UK, KU Leuven, Belgium, Virginia Tech, Leidos, National Cheng Kung University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Los Alamos National Lab, DLUT, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCI, Irvine CA 92697, Fusion Simulation Center, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871, DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, University of York, Retired, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Department of Engineering Physics, 53706 Madison, WI, USA, General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 – 5608, USA, ITER Organization, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France, NFRI (Korea), UC-Davis, UW-Madison, UIUC, Lodestar, UC Irvine, University of Texas, Austin, U of Nev/Reno, V. Tech, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA/Service d’Astrophysique, CE Saclay, Ohio State University, U Oxford, U Chicago, ETH Zurich, Queens U Belfast, UNIST, LULI, U Wisconsin-Madison, MPIA Garching, CEA, RAL, The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, ILE, Osaka Univ., GPI, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Miami University Hamilton, University of Texas Austin, GIST, AWE, Tech-X Corp, Utah State University, LLE, University of Rochester, NY, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, University of New Mexico, University of Nevada, Sandia Natl Labs, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Los Alamos Nattional Laboratory, general atomic, los alamos national laboratory, Diamond Materials GmbH, Drexel University, Insititute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of Colorado Boulder, KU Leuven-Herrero, KU Leuven, OSU, Harvard University, Dept. of Physics, U. of Edinburgh, Voss Scientific, European XFEL GmbH, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, ORAU, Oregon State U, ITER, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Florida State University, Nuclear Research Center, California State University, East Bay, University of Colorado, Space Science Institute, Rice University, University of New Hampshire, Durham, Princeton University, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, KULeuven and Von Karman Institut, IGI-CNR, Thammasat University, Thailand, University of Exeter, University of California Berkeley, University of Maryland, University of Delaware, Queens University, Universitá della Calabria, South University of Science and Technology of China, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, LLNL, Livermore, CA, LLE, Rochester, NY, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Goddard Planetary Heliophysics Institute, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Chicago, Universita della Calabria, Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, Tech-X Corporation, University of Colorado/Tech-X Corporation, Applied Materials, Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Nihon University, UES, inc., AFRL, INTEPH Technologies LLC, SPbSU, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Friedrich-Alexander University, Auburn University, University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, MIT PSFC, University of Arkansas, Georgia Tech, General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92121, USA, Princeton Plasma Physisics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, UTK, (GA), (UTIAS), (SNL), (ORNL), (UTK), Queen's University of Belfast, U.Toronto, UT-K, UWM, NRCN, Israel, University of Warwick, Flash Center for Computational Physics, University of Chicago, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, SINP, India, UMichigan, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, Southwestern Institute of Physics, Southwest Jiaotong University, IFS, UT Austin, ENEA, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Central Laser Facility-STFC/RAL, GoLP/Instituto Superior Tecnico, Air Force Research Laboratory, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA, Lancaster University, ILE, Osaka Univ, Japan, GPI, Japan, CELIA, Univ of Bordeaux, LLE, Univ of Rochester, Dipartimento SBAI, Universita' di Roma "La Sapienza", Italy, University of California at Davis, Kyungpook National University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Seoul Natl Univ, Formerly at General Atomics, National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea, National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, 509 5292, Japan, POSTECH, UNIST, NFRI, ITER Organization, Univ. Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, HZDR, Germany, Univ. of Bordeaux, France, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, Russia, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, University of Plymouth, UK, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW72BZ, UK, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Romania, West Virginia University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytech Inst, University of Colorado at Boulder, IPP-Greifswald, Columbia University, USA, Institute of Plasma Physics, China, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, Kyoto Institute of Technology, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Xantho Technologies, LLC, Madison, WI, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ. Wisconsin-Madison, TriAlpha Energy, Inc., UW - Madison, Wheaton College, Wheaton College, IL, University of Madison-Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI USA, Wheaton College, Wheaton IL USA, Chalmers University of Technology, U-Wisconsin, YPI, SUNY Geneseo, Gettysburg, United States Coast Guard Academy, New London, CT 06320, Marquette University, Aarhus University, University Of Manchester And The Cockcroft Institute, SRI International, Andrews University, Stanford University, Eindhoven University of Technology, Laboratory of Laser Energetics, Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, State University of New York at Geneseo, Houghton College, Nuclear Research Center, University of Michigan, Bryn Mawr College, University of Michigan, ISCTE-IUL Portugal, IPFN/IST Portugal, ESRF, France, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, European XFEL, Germany, Osaka University, Japan, LULI, France, DESY, Germany, IMPMC, France, UC Davis, National Nuclear Security Administration, U. of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center, Negev, Israel, Dept. of Modern Mechanics, U. of Science and Technology of China, Auburn Univ, Andrews Univ, JHU/APL, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Plymouth, ILE, U. Michigan, U. Bordeaux, U. Alberta, HZDR, Dresden, Germany and TU-Dresden, Germany, European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, germany, Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany, University Siegen, Germany, HZDR, Dresden, Germany, University of Hamburg, University of Strathclyde, SLAC, DESY, Max Plank Institute, Swiss Plasma Center, Lodestar Corp., UC,Irvine, Johns Hopkins University, University of Science and Tech of China, General Atomics, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, None, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University of Sheffield, IST, SDSC, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, QST, UCI, Stonybrook U., Oak Ridge Associated Universities, DIFFER, U-Michigan, PoliTO, U. Wisc-Madison, Lehigh U, Lehigh University, UW, University of Texas - Austin, Institute of Applied Physics - RAS, Universite de Bordeaux/celia, CEA/DAM/Cesta, Institute for Fusion Sciences, University of Texas in Austin, University de Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, CELIA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany, University of Maryland, College Park, Peking University, China, Fundamental Physics Simulation Research Division, National Institute for Fusion Science, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ, Photon Pioneers Center, Osaka Univ, Department of Innovation Systems Engineering, Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences Course, Utsunomiya Univ, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom, Air Force Research Laboratory/Directed Energy Directorate, Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Wisconsin Madison, U Colorado, Princeton, Universit\'{e} de Toulouse and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Wisconsin- Madison, The University of Tokyo, Photeck LTD, Kentech Instruments LTD, Atomic Weapons Establishment, NIST, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Ilia State Univ.; Tbilisi State Univ., Harvard, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; German Aerospace Center, 51147 Cologne, Germany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MA 02138, USA, Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA, Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, SLAC National Accelerator Laborotary, Lawrence Livermore National Laborotary, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, OxfordU, OsakaU, UAlberta, Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, The Ohio State University / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., ISSI, FLASH Center for Computational Science, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University / Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc. (ISSI), Technical University of Darmstadt, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitaet, Muenchen, Max-Planck-Institut for Quantenoptik, Korea Adv Inst of Sci & Tech, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Instituto Balseiro, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Zhejiang Univ, Department of Physics, University of York, UK, CCFE, Culham Science Centre,UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany, Consorzio RFX, Italy, Sichuan University, Tibbar Plasma Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Tri Alpha Energy, Columbia U, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Laboratorio Nacional de Fusi\'on, CIEMAT, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, NYU, Univ of Md, College Park, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, IPP Greifswald, Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Greifswald, Germany, Max Planck Institut f{\"u}r Plasmaphysik, IPP, UW Madison, Max-Plank-Institut für Plamaphysik, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Voss Scientific LLC, Goerz Engineering Solutions LLCGoerz Engineering Solutions LLC, National Security Technologies, Berkeley Research Associates, Imperial College, London, ISAPS, Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,University of Alabama-Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97310, Waco, Texas 76798-7310, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Dept. Phys. Auburn University, PFSC, MIT, CEA DAM DIF, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100094, China, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China, Peking Univ, Hunan Univ, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physcis, INRS, Univ of Rochester, USTC, Hefei, China, IAPCM, Beijing, China, OXF, UC, Ulsan National Institute of Science Technology, Queen’s University Belfast, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratoire d’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), CEA France, Univ. of Oxford (OXF), JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, University of New Hampshire, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, RMorePhysics, Nuclear Research Center Negev, Oxford, U. Chicago, Osaka U., Systems and Technology Research, LLE/Univ. of Rochester, Research Support Instruments, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, U. of Rochester, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, China, U. of Science and Technology of China, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Sensor Sciences, Kentech Instruments, University of Science and Tech of China, CIMS-NYU, Lockheed Martin, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, Lockheed Martin - Palmdale, Zhejiang University, Plasma-Surface Interactions Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois, Univ. Tennessee-Knoxville, University of Illinois, Princeton Univ, Tri Alpha Energy, Foothill Ranch, CA, Tri Alpha Energy, Inc., BINP, KU & MIT, U. Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, Princeton U., Univ of Washington, CfA-Harvard, Princeton University, PPPL, UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, IST - GoLP, Portugal, 15810953809, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, U. Oxford, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab; Texas A&M Univ., Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, University of Manchester, Hiroshima University, ISEE, Nagoya University, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Institute of Physics ASCR, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Eindhoven University of Technology, Ecole Polytechnique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, Photonics Institute, Vienna University of Technology, IST Portugal, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fuso Nuclear, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, LLNL and UCLA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,

  • A. M. Garofalo

    Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Technical University Darmstadt, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, OH, Harbin Institute of Technology, SPbGU, WVU, the University of Tokyo, Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Chemistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, Teknopark, Plazma Tek., Suleyman Demirel University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Saint Petersburg Mining University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM, Department of Fundamental of Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Romania, Laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes, CNRS, Univ. du Havre, France, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon, Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, ENS Cachan and Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay, France, Physics Faculty, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania, University of Texas at Austin, University of Colorado at Denver, University of Saskatchewan, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Greifswald, GERMANY, Univ Carlos III De Madrid, SPAIN, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China, The University of Western Australia, Caltech, Kyushu University, Japan, LLNL, Dartmouth College, Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, General Atomics, Center for Energy Research, Univ of California - San Diego, University of Rochester, Michigan State University, California State University, Northridge, Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics, Woodruff Scientific, Inc., Univ of Maryland, Baltimore County, Dartmouth Coll, PSFC, MIT, LLE, Univ. Rochester, PPPL/USTC, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, Texas A&M University, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, LANL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Oxford, HZDR, Osaka University, IMPMC, European XFEL, MIT, Prism Computational Sciences, Imperial College London, West Virginia University, First Light Fusion, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sorbonne Universités, Univ. Michigan, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom, ORNL, CCFE UK, MIT-PSFC, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Univ of Michigan, Sandia National Labs, General Fusion, General Fusion Inc., University of California San Diego, Magneto Inertial Fusion, Inc, Cornell University, (UCSD), (MIFTI), National Security Technologies, LLC, (UNR), Univ.of California, San Diego (UCSD), Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, Univ.of Nevada, Reno (UNR), HyperV Technologies Corp., HyperV Technologies, University of Washington, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Univ of Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, UCLA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. Washington, UT Knoxville, U Washington, U. Tennessee, Princeton U., Columbia U., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Tokamak Energy Ltd, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan Coast Guard, University of Hyogo, Columbia University, GA, Uni. Gratz, IPP Garching, Consorzio RFX, LPP-ERM/KMS, Brussels, Belgium, FZJ, Julich, Germany, IPFN, IST, Univ. LIsbon, Portugal, Consorzio RFX, Padova, ITaly, CCFE, Abingdon, UK, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, EUROfusion PMU, USP Brazil, EPFL Switzerland, Univ. Seville, MPG, IPP, MIT, PSFC, EPFL, SPC, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland, SPC-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology and Chengdu University, Southwestern Institute of Physics, PO Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China, ASIPP, Natl Fusion Res Inst, NFRI, National Fusion Research Institute, University of Alberta, Univ of California - Los Angeles, U. Maryland, EPFL, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, University of Iowa, ILPP, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, LULI, Palaiseau, CEA, Arpajon, The University of Iowa, Independent Consultant through Syntek Technologies, Inc., Naval Research Laboratory, Princeton University, Colorado State University, UCSD, U. of Greifswald, TUM, Lawrence U., MPI for Plasma Physics, University of California, San Diego, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of California, Berkeley, Lockheed-Martin, University of Michigan, LLE, ULPGC, UNR, SNL, Imperial College, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Univ. of Rochester, Purdue University, University of Alaska Anchorage, University of Strathclyde, The Cockcroft Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Tech-X Corporation, RadiaSoft LLC, Univ of California - Irvine, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Peking University, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, LOA, 91762 Palaiseau, France, Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CEA DAM DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, University of California Los Angeles, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Texas, SWIP, INEST, SPC, EPFL, KIAM, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Tennessee, University of Tennesee Knoxville, Oak Ridge National Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Pisa, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, U. Wisconsin, UC-Berkeley, University of Wisconsin, Madison, University of California, Irvine, Univ of Sci & Tech of China, Institute of Physics, CAS, National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya Univ., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton Univ., Swiss Plasma Center, Lausanne CH, University of Colorado, Boulder, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Fourth State Research, Univ of Maryland-College Park, University of Maryland - College Park, Seoul National University, Korea, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, LBL, U. Colorado, Intel Corporation, Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Univ of Texas at Austin, West Virginia Univ, Lodestar Res Corp, Univ of Texas, Austin, CCFE, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academic of Sciences, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic, NIFS, University of Tsukuba, Kyushu University, Royal Military Academy, Belgium, FAR-TECH, Inc., CompX, MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, XCEL Engineering, Tech-X, NKUA, Greece, NTUA, Greece, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Austin, Institute of Laser Engineering, Univ of California - San Diego, US Naval Research Laboratory, Univ of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Starfire Industries, Los Alamos Natl Lab, The University of Texas at Austin and Cornell University, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Far-Tech Inc., Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, STFC RAL, Didcot, UK, SLAC, IST Lisbon, Portugal, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, ROMANIA, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Universidad de Buenos Aires, University of Strathclyde, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Washington Univ., LBNL, Lanzhou Univ., TU Darmstadt, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Bryn Mawr College, Swarthmore College, HyperJet Fusion, UNM, CASPER - Baylor University, Baylor University, Region 12 Service Center, Illinois Applied Research Institute, Univ. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of California at San Diego, CASPER - Baylor University and Institute of Materials Physics in Space, German Aerospace Center (DLR), CASPER - Baylor University and Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, CASPER - Baylor University and Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary, DHU, University of Tennessee - Knoxville, University of Illinois - Champaign, PPPL, USA, GA, USA, LLNL, USA, ASIPP, China, University of Science and Technology of China, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, University of California, Los Angeles, JHU, HU, G.A., NASA/GSFC, NRL, Tohoku University, Air-Force Research Laboratory, FLASH center for computational science, Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., The Ohio State University, The Ohio State University, Univ of Tsukuba, Oxford University, UK, Imperial College London, UK, University of St Andrews, UK, KU Leuven, Belgium, Virginia Tech, Leidos, National Cheng Kung University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Los Alamos National Lab, DLUT, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCI, Irvine CA 92697, Fusion Simulation Center, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871, DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, University of York, Retired, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Department of Engineering Physics, 53706 Madison, WI, USA, General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 – 5608, USA, ITER Organization, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France, NFRI (Korea), UC-Davis, UW-Madison, UIUC, Lodestar, UC Irvine, University of Texas, Austin, U of Nev/Reno, V. Tech, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA/Service d’Astrophysique, CE Saclay, Ohio State University, U Oxford, U Chicago, ETH Zurich, Queens U Belfast, UNIST, LULI, U Wisconsin-Madison, MPIA Garching, CEA, RAL, The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, ILE, Osaka Univ., GPI, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Miami University Hamilton, University of Texas Austin, GIST, AWE, Tech-X Corp, Utah State University, LLE, University of Rochester, NY, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, University of New Mexico, University of Nevada, Sandia Natl Labs, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Los Alamos Nattional Laboratory, general atomic, los alamos national laboratory, Diamond Materials GmbH, Drexel University, Insititute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of Colorado Boulder, KU Leuven-Herrero, KU Leuven, OSU, Harvard University, Dept. of Physics, U. of Edinburgh, Voss Scientific, European XFEL GmbH, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, ORAU, Oregon State U, ITER, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Florida State University, Nuclear Research Center, California State University, East Bay, University of Colorado, Space Science Institute, Rice University, University of New Hampshire, Durham, Princeton University, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, KULeuven and Von Karman Institut, IGI-CNR, Thammasat University, Thailand, University of Exeter, University of California Berkeley, University of Maryland, University of Delaware, Queens University, Universitá della Calabria, South University of Science and Technology of China, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, LLNL, Livermore, CA, LLE, Rochester, NY, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Goddard Planetary Heliophysics Institute, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Chicago, Universita della Calabria, Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, Tech-X Corporation, University of Colorado/Tech-X Corporation, Applied Materials, Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Nihon University, UES, inc., AFRL, INTEPH Technologies LLC, SPbSU, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Friedrich-Alexander University, Auburn University, University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, MIT PSFC, University of Arkansas, Georgia Tech, General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92121, USA, Princeton Plasma Physisics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, UTK, (GA), (UTIAS), (SNL), (ORNL), (UTK), Queen's University of Belfast, U.Toronto, UT-K, UWM, NRCN, Israel, University of Warwick, Flash Center for Computational Physics, University of Chicago, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, SINP, India, UMichigan, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, Southwestern Institute of Physics, Southwest Jiaotong University, IFS, UT Austin, ENEA, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Central Laser Facility-STFC/RAL, GoLP/Instituto Superior Tecnico, Air Force Research Laboratory, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA, Lancaster University, ILE, Osaka Univ, Japan, GPI, Japan, CELIA, Univ of Bordeaux, LLE, Univ of Rochester, Dipartimento SBAI, Universita' di Roma "La Sapienza", Italy, University of California at Davis, Kyungpook National University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Seoul Natl Univ, Formerly at General Atomics, National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea, National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, 509 5292, Japan, POSTECH, UNIST, NFRI, ITER Organization, Univ. Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, HZDR, Germany, Univ. of Bordeaux, France, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, Russia, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, University of Plymouth, UK, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW72BZ, UK, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Romania, West Virginia University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytech Inst, University of Colorado at Boulder, IPP-Greifswald, Columbia University, USA, Institute of Plasma Physics, China, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, Kyoto Institute of Technology, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Xantho Technologies, LLC, Madison, WI, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ. Wisconsin-Madison, TriAlpha Energy, Inc., UW - Madison, Wheaton College, Wheaton College, IL, University of Madison-Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI USA, Wheaton College, Wheaton IL USA, Chalmers University of Technology, U-Wisconsin, YPI, SUNY Geneseo, Gettysburg, United States Coast Guard Academy, New London, CT 06320, Marquette University, Aarhus University, University Of Manchester And The Cockcroft Institute, SRI International, Andrews University, Stanford University, Eindhoven University of Technology, Laboratory of Laser Energetics, Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, State University of New York at Geneseo, Houghton College, Nuclear Research Center, University of Michigan, Bryn Mawr College, University of Michigan, ISCTE-IUL Portugal, IPFN/IST Portugal, ESRF, France, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, European XFEL, Germany, Osaka University, Japan, LULI, France, DESY, Germany, IMPMC, France, UC Davis, National Nuclear Security Administration, U. of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center, Negev, Israel, Dept. of Modern Mechanics, U. of Science and Technology of China, Auburn Univ, Andrews Univ, JHU/APL, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Plymouth, ILE, U. Michigan, U. Bordeaux, U. Alberta, HZDR, Dresden, Germany and TU-Dresden, Germany, European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, germany, Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany, University Siegen, Germany, HZDR, Dresden, Germany, University of Hamburg, University of Strathclyde, SLAC, DESY, Max Plank Institute, Swiss Plasma Center, Lodestar Corp., UC,Irvine, Johns Hopkins University, University of Science and Tech of China, General Atomics, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, None, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University of Sheffield, IST, SDSC, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, QST, UCI, Stonybrook U., Oak Ridge Associated Universities, DIFFER, U-Michigan, PoliTO, U. Wisc-Madison, Lehigh U, Lehigh University, UW, University of Texas - Austin, Institute of Applied Physics - RAS, Universite de Bordeaux/celia, CEA/DAM/Cesta, Institute for Fusion Sciences, University of Texas in Austin, University de Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, CELIA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany, University of Maryland, College Park, Peking University, China, Fundamental Physics Simulation Research Division, National Institute for Fusion Science, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ, Photon Pioneers Center, Osaka Univ, Department of Innovation Systems Engineering, Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences Course, Utsunomiya Univ, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom, Air Force Research Laboratory/Directed Energy Directorate, Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Wisconsin Madison, U Colorado, Princeton, Universit\'{e} de Toulouse and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Wisconsin- Madison, The University of Tokyo, Photeck LTD, Kentech Instruments LTD, Atomic Weapons Establishment, NIST, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Ilia State Univ.; Tbilisi State Univ., Harvard, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; German Aerospace Center, 51147 Cologne, Germany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MA 02138, USA, Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA, Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, SLAC National Accelerator Laborotary, Lawrence Livermore National Laborotary, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, OxfordU, OsakaU, UAlberta, Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, The Ohio State University / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., ISSI, FLASH Center for Computational Science, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University / Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc. (ISSI), Technical University of Darmstadt, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitaet, Muenchen, Max-Planck-Institut for Quantenoptik, Korea Adv Inst of Sci & Tech, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Instituto Balseiro, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Zhejiang Univ, Department of Physics, University of York, UK, CCFE, Culham Science Centre,UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany, Consorzio RFX, Italy, Sichuan University, Tibbar Plasma Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Tri Alpha Energy, Columbia U, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Laboratorio Nacional de Fusi\'on, CIEMAT, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, NYU, Univ of Md, College Park, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, IPP Greifswald, Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Greifswald, Germany, Max Planck Institut f{\"u}r Plasmaphysik, IPP, UW Madison, Max-Plank-Institut für Plamaphysik, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Voss Scientific LLC, Goerz Engineering Solutions LLCGoerz Engineering Solutions LLC, National Security Technologies, Berkeley Research Associates, Imperial College, London, ISAPS, Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,University of Alabama-Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97310, Waco, Texas 76798-7310, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Dept. Phys. Auburn University, PFSC, MIT, CEA DAM DIF, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100094, China, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China, Peking Univ, Hunan Univ, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physcis, INRS, Univ of Rochester, USTC, Hefei, China, IAPCM, Beijing, China, OXF, UC, Ulsan National Institute of Science Technology, Queen’s University Belfast, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratoire d’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), CEA France, Univ. of Oxford (OXF), JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, University of New Hampshire, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, RMorePhysics, Nuclear Research Center Negev, Oxford, U. Chicago, Osaka U., Systems and Technology Research, LLE/Univ. of Rochester, Research Support Instruments, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, U. of Rochester, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, China, U. of Science and Technology of China, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Sensor Sciences, Kentech Instruments, University of Science and Tech of China, CIMS-NYU, Lockheed Martin, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, Lockheed Martin - Palmdale, Zhejiang University, Plasma-Surface Interactions Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois, Univ. Tennessee-Knoxville, University of Illinois, Princeton Univ, Tri Alpha Energy, Foothill Ranch, CA, Tri Alpha Energy, Inc., BINP, KU & MIT, U. Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, Princeton U., Univ of Washington, CfA-Harvard, Princeton University, PPPL, UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, IST - GoLP, Portugal, 15810953809, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, U. Oxford, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab; Texas A&M Univ., Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, University of Manchester, Hiroshima University, ISEE, Nagoya University, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Institute of Physics ASCR, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Eindhoven University of Technology, Ecole Polytechnique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, Photonics Institute, Vienna University of Technology, IST Portugal, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fuso Nuclear, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, LLNL and UCLA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,

  • A. M. Garofalo

    Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Technical University Darmstadt, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, OH, Harbin Institute of Technology, SPbGU, WVU, the University of Tokyo, Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Chemistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, Teknopark, Plazma Tek., Suleyman Demirel University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Saint Petersburg Mining University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM, Department of Fundamental of Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Romania, Laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes, CNRS, Univ. du Havre, France, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon, Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, ENS Cachan and Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay, France, Physics Faculty, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania, University of Texas at Austin, University of Colorado at Denver, University of Saskatchewan, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Greifswald, GERMANY, Univ Carlos III De Madrid, SPAIN, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China, The University of Western Australia, Caltech, Kyushu University, Japan, LLNL, Dartmouth College, Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, General Atomics, Center for Energy Research, Univ of California - San Diego, University of Rochester, Michigan State University, California State University, Northridge, Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics, Woodruff Scientific, Inc., Univ of Maryland, Baltimore County, Dartmouth Coll, PSFC, MIT, LLE, Univ. Rochester, PPPL/USTC, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, Texas A&M University, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, LANL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Oxford, HZDR, Osaka University, IMPMC, European XFEL, MIT, Prism Computational Sciences, Imperial College London, West Virginia University, First Light Fusion, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sorbonne Universités, Univ. Michigan, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom, ORNL, CCFE UK, MIT-PSFC, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Univ of Michigan, Sandia National Labs, General Fusion, General Fusion Inc., University of California San Diego, Magneto Inertial Fusion, Inc, Cornell University, (UCSD), (MIFTI), National Security Technologies, LLC, (UNR), Univ.of California, San Diego (UCSD), Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, Univ.of Nevada, Reno (UNR), HyperV Technologies Corp., HyperV Technologies, University of Washington, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Univ of Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, UCLA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. Washington, UT Knoxville, U Washington, U. Tennessee, Princeton U., Columbia U., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Tokamak Energy Ltd, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan Coast Guard, University of Hyogo, Columbia University, GA, Uni. Gratz, IPP Garching, Consorzio RFX, LPP-ERM/KMS, Brussels, Belgium, FZJ, Julich, Germany, IPFN, IST, Univ. LIsbon, Portugal, Consorzio RFX, Padova, ITaly, CCFE, Abingdon, UK, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, EUROfusion PMU, USP Brazil, EPFL Switzerland, Univ. Seville, MPG, IPP, MIT, PSFC, EPFL, SPC, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland, SPC-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology and Chengdu University, Southwestern Institute of Physics, PO Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China, ASIPP, Natl Fusion Res Inst, NFRI, National Fusion Research Institute, University of Alberta, Univ of California - Los Angeles, U. Maryland, EPFL, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, University of Iowa, ILPP, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, LULI, Palaiseau, CEA, Arpajon, The University of Iowa, Independent Consultant through Syntek Technologies, Inc., Naval Research Laboratory, Princeton University, Colorado State University, UCSD, U. of Greifswald, TUM, Lawrence U., MPI for Plasma Physics, University of California, San Diego, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of California, Berkeley, Lockheed-Martin, University of Michigan, LLE, ULPGC, UNR, SNL, Imperial College, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Univ. of Rochester, Purdue University, University of Alaska Anchorage, University of Strathclyde, The Cockcroft Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Tech-X Corporation, RadiaSoft LLC, Univ of California - Irvine, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Peking University, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, LOA, 91762 Palaiseau, France, Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CEA DAM DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, University of California Los Angeles, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Texas, SWIP, INEST, SPC, EPFL, KIAM, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Tennessee, University of Tennesee Knoxville, Oak Ridge National Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Pisa, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, U. Wisconsin, UC-Berkeley, University of Wisconsin, Madison, University of California, Irvine, Univ of Sci & Tech of China, Institute of Physics, CAS, National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya Univ., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton Univ., Swiss Plasma Center, Lausanne CH, University of Colorado, Boulder, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Fourth State Research, Univ of Maryland-College Park, University of Maryland - College Park, Seoul National University, Korea, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, LBL, U. Colorado, Intel Corporation, Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Univ of Texas at Austin, West Virginia Univ, Lodestar Res Corp, Univ of Texas, Austin, CCFE, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academic of Sciences, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic, NIFS, University of Tsukuba, Kyushu University, Royal Military Academy, Belgium, FAR-TECH, Inc., CompX, MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, XCEL Engineering, Tech-X, NKUA, Greece, NTUA, Greece, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Austin, Institute of Laser Engineering, Univ of California - San Diego, US Naval Research Laboratory, Univ of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Starfire Industries, Los Alamos Natl Lab, The University of Texas at Austin and Cornell University, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Far-Tech Inc., Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, STFC RAL, Didcot, UK, SLAC, IST Lisbon, Portugal, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, ROMANIA, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Universidad de Buenos Aires, University of Strathclyde, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Washington Univ., LBNL, Lanzhou Univ., TU Darmstadt, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Bryn Mawr College, Swarthmore College, HyperJet Fusion, UNM, CASPER - Baylor University, Baylor University, Region 12 Service Center, Illinois Applied Research Institute, Univ. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of California at San Diego, CASPER - Baylor University and Institute of Materials Physics in Space, German Aerospace Center (DLR), CASPER - Baylor University and Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, CASPER - Baylor University and Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary, DHU, University of Tennessee - Knoxville, University of Illinois - Champaign, PPPL, USA, GA, USA, LLNL, USA, ASIPP, China, University of Science and Technology of China, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, University of California, Los Angeles, JHU, HU, G.A., NASA/GSFC, NRL, Tohoku University, Air-Force Research Laboratory, FLASH center for computational science, Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., The Ohio State University, The Ohio State University, Univ of Tsukuba, Oxford University, UK, Imperial College London, UK, University of St Andrews, UK, KU Leuven, Belgium, Virginia Tech, Leidos, National Cheng Kung University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Los Alamos National Lab, DLUT, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCI, Irvine CA 92697, Fusion Simulation Center, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871, DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, University of York, Retired, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Department of Engineering Physics, 53706 Madison, WI, USA, General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 – 5608, USA, ITER Organization, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France, NFRI (Korea), UC-Davis, UW-Madison, UIUC, Lodestar, UC Irvine, University of Texas, Austin, U of Nev/Reno, V. Tech, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA/Service d’Astrophysique, CE Saclay, Ohio State University, U Oxford, U Chicago, ETH Zurich, Queens U Belfast, UNIST, LULI, U Wisconsin-Madison, MPIA Garching, CEA, RAL, The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, ILE, Osaka Univ., GPI, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Miami University Hamilton, University of Texas Austin, GIST, AWE, Tech-X Corp, Utah State University, LLE, University of Rochester, NY, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, University of New Mexico, University of Nevada, Sandia Natl Labs, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Los Alamos Nattional Laboratory, general atomic, los alamos national laboratory, Diamond Materials GmbH, Drexel University, Insititute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of Colorado Boulder, KU Leuven-Herrero, KU Leuven, OSU, Harvard University, Dept. of Physics, U. of Edinburgh, Voss Scientific, European XFEL GmbH, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, ORAU, Oregon State U, ITER, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Florida State University, Nuclear Research Center, California State University, East Bay, University of Colorado, Space Science Institute, Rice University, University of New Hampshire, Durham, Princeton University, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, KULeuven and Von Karman Institut, IGI-CNR, Thammasat University, Thailand, University of Exeter, University of California Berkeley, University of Maryland, University of Delaware, Queens University, Universitá della Calabria, South University of Science and Technology of China, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, LLNL, Livermore, CA, LLE, Rochester, NY, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Goddard Planetary Heliophysics Institute, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Chicago, Universita della Calabria, Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, Tech-X Corporation, University of Colorado/Tech-X Corporation, Applied Materials, Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Nihon University, UES, inc., AFRL, INTEPH Technologies LLC, SPbSU, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Friedrich-Alexander University, Auburn University, University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, MIT PSFC, University of Arkansas, Georgia Tech, General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92121, USA, Princeton Plasma Physisics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, UTK, (GA), (UTIAS), (SNL), (ORNL), (UTK), Queen's University of Belfast, U.Toronto, UT-K, UWM, NRCN, Israel, University of Warwick, Flash Center for Computational Physics, University of Chicago, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, SINP, India, UMichigan, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, Southwestern Institute of Physics, Southwest Jiaotong University, IFS, UT Austin, ENEA, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Central Laser Facility-STFC/RAL, GoLP/Instituto Superior Tecnico, Air Force Research Laboratory, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA, Lancaster University, ILE, Osaka Univ, Japan, GPI, Japan, CELIA, Univ of Bordeaux, LLE, Univ of Rochester, Dipartimento SBAI, Universita' di Roma "La Sapienza", Italy, University of California at Davis, Kyungpook National University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Seoul Natl Univ, Formerly at General Atomics, National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea, National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, 509 5292, Japan, POSTECH, UNIST, NFRI, ITER Organization, Univ. Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, HZDR, Germany, Univ. of Bordeaux, France, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, Russia, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, University of Plymouth, UK, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW72BZ, UK, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Romania, West Virginia University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytech Inst, University of Colorado at Boulder, IPP-Greifswald, Columbia University, USA, Institute of Plasma Physics, China, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, Kyoto Institute of Technology, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Xantho Technologies, LLC, Madison, WI, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ. Wisconsin-Madison, TriAlpha Energy, Inc., UW - Madison, Wheaton College, Wheaton College, IL, University of Madison-Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI USA, Wheaton College, Wheaton IL USA, Chalmers University of Technology, U-Wisconsin, YPI, SUNY Geneseo, Gettysburg, United States Coast Guard Academy, New London, CT 06320, Marquette University, Aarhus University, University Of Manchester And The Cockcroft Institute, SRI International, Andrews University, Stanford University, Eindhoven University of Technology, Laboratory of Laser Energetics, Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, State University of New York at Geneseo, Houghton College, Nuclear Research Center, University of Michigan, Bryn Mawr College, University of Michigan, ISCTE-IUL Portugal, IPFN/IST Portugal, ESRF, France, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, European XFEL, Germany, Osaka University, Japan, LULI, France, DESY, Germany, IMPMC, France, UC Davis, National Nuclear Security Administration, U. of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center, Negev, Israel, Dept. of Modern Mechanics, U. of Science and Technology of China, Auburn Univ, Andrews Univ, JHU/APL, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Plymouth, ILE, U. Michigan, U. Bordeaux, U. Alberta, HZDR, Dresden, Germany and TU-Dresden, Germany, European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, germany, Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany, University Siegen, Germany, HZDR, Dresden, Germany, University of Hamburg, University of Strathclyde, SLAC, DESY, Max Plank Institute, Swiss Plasma Center, Lodestar Corp., UC,Irvine, Johns Hopkins University, University of Science and Tech of China, General Atomics, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, None, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University of Sheffield, IST, SDSC, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, QST, UCI, Stonybrook U., Oak Ridge Associated Universities, DIFFER, U-Michigan, PoliTO, U. Wisc-Madison, Lehigh U, Lehigh University, UW, University of Texas - Austin, Institute of Applied Physics - RAS, Universite de Bordeaux/celia, CEA/DAM/Cesta, Institute for Fusion Sciences, University of Texas in Austin, University de Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, CELIA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany, University of Maryland, College Park, Peking University, China, Fundamental Physics Simulation Research Division, National Institute for Fusion Science, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ, Photon Pioneers Center, Osaka Univ, Department of Innovation Systems Engineering, Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences Course, Utsunomiya Univ, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom, Air Force Research Laboratory/Directed Energy Directorate, Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Wisconsin Madison, U Colorado, Princeton, Universit\'{e} de Toulouse and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Wisconsin- Madison, The University of Tokyo, Photeck LTD, Kentech Instruments LTD, Atomic Weapons Establishment, NIST, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Ilia State Univ.; Tbilisi State Univ., Harvard, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; German Aerospace Center, 51147 Cologne, Germany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MA 02138, USA, Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA, Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, SLAC National Accelerator Laborotary, Lawrence Livermore National Laborotary, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, OxfordU, OsakaU, UAlberta, Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, The Ohio State University / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., ISSI, FLASH Center for Computational Science, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University / Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc. (ISSI), Technical University of Darmstadt, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitaet, Muenchen, Max-Planck-Institut for Quantenoptik, Korea Adv Inst of Sci & Tech, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Instituto Balseiro, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Zhejiang Univ, Department of Physics, University of York, UK, CCFE, Culham Science Centre,UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany, Consorzio RFX, Italy, Sichuan University, Tibbar Plasma Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Tri Alpha Energy, Columbia U, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Laboratorio Nacional de Fusi\'on, CIEMAT, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, NYU, Univ of Md, College Park, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, IPP Greifswald, Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Greifswald, Germany, Max Planck Institut f{\"u}r Plasmaphysik, IPP, UW Madison, Max-Plank-Institut für Plamaphysik, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Voss Scientific LLC, Goerz Engineering Solutions LLCGoerz Engineering Solutions LLC, National Security Technologies, Berkeley Research Associates, Imperial College, London, ISAPS, Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,University of Alabama-Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97310, Waco, Texas 76798-7310, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Dept. Phys. Auburn University, PFSC, MIT, CEA DAM DIF, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100094, China, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China, Peking Univ, Hunan Univ, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physcis, INRS, Univ of Rochester, USTC, Hefei, China, IAPCM, Beijing, China, OXF, UC, Ulsan National Institute of Science Technology, Queen’s University Belfast, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratoire d’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), CEA France, Univ. of Oxford (OXF), JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, University of New Hampshire, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, RMorePhysics, Nuclear Research Center Negev, Oxford, U. Chicago, Osaka U., Systems and Technology Research, LLE/Univ. of Rochester, Research Support Instruments, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, U. of Rochester, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, China, U. of Science and Technology of China, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Sensor Sciences, Kentech Instruments, University of Science and Tech of China, CIMS-NYU, Lockheed Martin, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, Lockheed Martin - Palmdale, Zhejiang University, Plasma-Surface Interactions Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois, Univ. Tennessee-Knoxville, University of Illinois, Princeton Univ, Tri Alpha Energy, Foothill Ranch, CA, Tri Alpha Energy, Inc., BINP, KU & MIT, U. Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, Princeton U., Univ of Washington, CfA-Harvard, Princeton University, PPPL, UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, IST - GoLP, Portugal, 15810953809, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, U. Oxford, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab; Texas A&M Univ., Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, University of Manchester, Hiroshima University, ISEE, Nagoya University, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Institute of Physics ASCR, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Eindhoven University of Technology, Ecole Polytechnique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, Photonics Institute, Vienna University of Technology, IST Portugal, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fuso Nuclear, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, LLNL and UCLA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,

  • A. M. Garofalo

    Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Technical University Darmstadt, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, OH, Harbin Institute of Technology, SPbGU, WVU, the University of Tokyo, Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Chemistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, Teknopark, Plazma Tek., Suleyman Demirel University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Saint Petersburg Mining University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM, Department of Fundamental of Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Romania, Laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes, CNRS, Univ. du Havre, France, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon, Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, ENS Cachan and Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay, France, Physics Faculty, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania, University of Texas at Austin, University of Colorado at Denver, University of Saskatchewan, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Greifswald, GERMANY, Univ Carlos III De Madrid, SPAIN, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China, The University of Western Australia, Caltech, Kyushu University, Japan, LLNL, Dartmouth College, Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, General Atomics, Center for Energy Research, Univ of California - San Diego, University of Rochester, Michigan State University, California State University, Northridge, Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics, Woodruff Scientific, Inc., Univ of Maryland, Baltimore County, Dartmouth Coll, PSFC, MIT, LLE, Univ. Rochester, PPPL/USTC, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, Texas A&M University, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, LANL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Oxford, HZDR, Osaka University, IMPMC, European XFEL, MIT, Prism Computational Sciences, Imperial College London, West Virginia University, First Light Fusion, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sorbonne Universités, Univ. Michigan, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom, ORNL, CCFE UK, MIT-PSFC, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Univ of Michigan, Sandia National Labs, General Fusion, General Fusion Inc., University of California San Diego, Magneto Inertial Fusion, Inc, Cornell University, (UCSD), (MIFTI), National Security Technologies, LLC, (UNR), Univ.of California, San Diego (UCSD), Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, Univ.of Nevada, Reno (UNR), HyperV Technologies Corp., HyperV Technologies, University of Washington, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Univ of Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, UCLA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. Washington, UT Knoxville, U Washington, U. Tennessee, Princeton U., Columbia U., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Tokamak Energy Ltd, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan Coast Guard, University of Hyogo, Columbia University, GA, Uni. Gratz, IPP Garching, Consorzio RFX, LPP-ERM/KMS, Brussels, Belgium, FZJ, Julich, Germany, IPFN, IST, Univ. LIsbon, Portugal, Consorzio RFX, Padova, ITaly, CCFE, Abingdon, UK, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, EUROfusion PMU, USP Brazil, EPFL Switzerland, Univ. Seville, MPG, IPP, MIT, PSFC, EPFL, SPC, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland, SPC-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology and Chengdu University, Southwestern Institute of Physics, PO Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China, ASIPP, Natl Fusion Res Inst, NFRI, National Fusion Research Institute, University of Alberta, Univ of California - Los Angeles, U. Maryland, EPFL, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, University of Iowa, ILPP, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, LULI, Palaiseau, CEA, Arpajon, The University of Iowa, Independent Consultant through Syntek Technologies, Inc., Naval Research Laboratory, Princeton University, Colorado State University, UCSD, U. of Greifswald, TUM, Lawrence U., MPI for Plasma Physics, University of California, San Diego, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of California, Berkeley, Lockheed-Martin, University of Michigan, LLE, ULPGC, UNR, SNL, Imperial College, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Univ. of Rochester, Purdue University, University of Alaska Anchorage, University of Strathclyde, The Cockcroft Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Tech-X Corporation, RadiaSoft LLC, Univ of California - Irvine, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Peking University, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, LOA, 91762 Palaiseau, France, Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CEA DAM DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, University of California Los Angeles, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Texas, SWIP, INEST, SPC, EPFL, KIAM, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Tennessee, University of Tennesee Knoxville, Oak Ridge National Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Pisa, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, U. Wisconsin, UC-Berkeley, University of Wisconsin, Madison, University of California, Irvine, Univ of Sci & Tech of China, Institute of Physics, CAS, National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya Univ., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton Univ., Swiss Plasma Center, Lausanne CH, University of Colorado, Boulder, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Fourth State Research, Univ of Maryland-College Park, University of Maryland - College Park, Seoul National University, Korea, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, LBL, U. Colorado, Intel Corporation, Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Univ of Texas at Austin, West Virginia Univ, Lodestar Res Corp, Univ of Texas, Austin, CCFE, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academic of Sciences, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic, NIFS, University of Tsukuba, Kyushu University, Royal Military Academy, Belgium, FAR-TECH, Inc., CompX, MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, XCEL Engineering, Tech-X, NKUA, Greece, NTUA, Greece, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Austin, Institute of Laser Engineering, Univ of California - San Diego, US Naval Research Laboratory, Univ of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Starfire Industries, Los Alamos Natl Lab, The University of Texas at Austin and Cornell University, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Far-Tech Inc., Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, STFC RAL, Didcot, UK, SLAC, IST Lisbon, Portugal, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, ROMANIA, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Universidad de Buenos Aires, University of Strathclyde, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Washington Univ., LBNL, Lanzhou Univ., TU Darmstadt, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Bryn Mawr College, Swarthmore College, HyperJet Fusion, UNM, CASPER - Baylor University, Baylor University, Region 12 Service Center, Illinois Applied Research Institute, Univ. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of California at San Diego, CASPER - Baylor University and Institute of Materials Physics in Space, German Aerospace Center (DLR), CASPER - Baylor University and Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, CASPER - Baylor University and Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary, DHU, University of Tennessee - Knoxville, University of Illinois - Champaign, PPPL, USA, GA, USA, LLNL, USA, ASIPP, China, University of Science and Technology of China, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, University of California, Los Angeles, JHU, HU, G.A., NASA/GSFC, NRL, Tohoku University, Air-Force Research Laboratory, FLASH center for computational science, Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., The Ohio State University, The Ohio State University, Univ of Tsukuba, Oxford University, UK, Imperial College London, UK, University of St Andrews, UK, KU Leuven, Belgium, Virginia Tech, Leidos, National Cheng Kung University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Los Alamos National Lab, DLUT, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCI, Irvine CA 92697, Fusion Simulation Center, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871, DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, University of York, Retired, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Department of Engineering Physics, 53706 Madison, WI, USA, General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 – 5608, USA, ITER Organization, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France, NFRI (Korea), UC-Davis, UW-Madison, UIUC, Lodestar, UC Irvine, University of Texas, Austin, U of Nev/Reno, V. Tech, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA/Service d’Astrophysique, CE Saclay, Ohio State University, U Oxford, U Chicago, ETH Zurich, Queens U Belfast, UNIST, LULI, U Wisconsin-Madison, MPIA Garching, CEA, RAL, The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, ILE, Osaka Univ., GPI, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Miami University Hamilton, University of Texas Austin, GIST, AWE, Tech-X Corp, Utah State University, LLE, University of Rochester, NY, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, University of New Mexico, University of Nevada, Sandia Natl Labs, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Los Alamos Nattional Laboratory, general atomic, los alamos national laboratory, Diamond Materials GmbH, Drexel University, Insititute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of Colorado Boulder, KU Leuven-Herrero, KU Leuven, OSU, Harvard University, Dept. of Physics, U. of Edinburgh, Voss Scientific, European XFEL GmbH, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, ORAU, Oregon State U, ITER, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Florida State University, Nuclear Research Center, California State University, East Bay, University of Colorado, Space Science Institute, Rice University, University of New Hampshire, Durham, Princeton University, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, KULeuven and Von Karman Institut, IGI-CNR, Thammasat University, Thailand, University of Exeter, University of California Berkeley, University of Maryland, University of Delaware, Queens University, Universitá della Calabria, South University of Science and Technology of China, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, LLNL, Livermore, CA, LLE, Rochester, NY, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Goddard Planetary Heliophysics Institute, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Chicago, Universita della Calabria, Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, Tech-X Corporation, University of Colorado/Tech-X Corporation, Applied Materials, Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Nihon University, UES, inc., AFRL, INTEPH Technologies LLC, SPbSU, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Friedrich-Alexander University, Auburn University, University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, MIT PSFC, University of Arkansas, Georgia Tech, General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92121, USA, Princeton Plasma Physisics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, UTK, (GA), (UTIAS), (SNL), (ORNL), (UTK), Queen's University of Belfast, U.Toronto, UT-K, UWM, NRCN, Israel, University of Warwick, Flash Center for Computational Physics, University of Chicago, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, SINP, India, UMichigan, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, Southwestern Institute of Physics, Southwest Jiaotong University, IFS, UT Austin, ENEA, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Central Laser Facility-STFC/RAL, GoLP/Instituto Superior Tecnico, Air Force Research Laboratory, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA, Lancaster University, ILE, Osaka Univ, Japan, GPI, Japan, CELIA, Univ of Bordeaux, LLE, Univ of Rochester, Dipartimento SBAI, Universita' di Roma "La Sapienza", Italy, University of California at Davis, Kyungpook National University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Seoul Natl Univ, Formerly at General Atomics, National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea, National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, 509 5292, Japan, POSTECH, UNIST, NFRI, ITER Organization, Univ. Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, HZDR, Germany, Univ. of Bordeaux, France, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, Russia, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, University of Plymouth, UK, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW72BZ, UK, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Romania, West Virginia University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytech Inst, University of Colorado at Boulder, IPP-Greifswald, Columbia University, USA, Institute of Plasma Physics, China, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, Kyoto Institute of Technology, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Xantho Technologies, LLC, Madison, WI, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ. Wisconsin-Madison, TriAlpha Energy, Inc., UW - Madison, Wheaton College, Wheaton College, IL, University of Madison-Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI USA, Wheaton College, Wheaton IL USA, Chalmers University of Technology, U-Wisconsin, YPI, SUNY Geneseo, Gettysburg, United States Coast Guard Academy, New London, CT 06320, Marquette University, Aarhus University, University Of Manchester And The Cockcroft Institute, SRI International, Andrews University, Stanford University, Eindhoven University of Technology, Laboratory of Laser Energetics, Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, State University of New York at Geneseo, Houghton College, Nuclear Research Center, University of Michigan, Bryn Mawr College, University of Michigan, ISCTE-IUL Portugal, IPFN/IST Portugal, ESRF, France, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, European XFEL, Germany, Osaka University, Japan, LULI, France, DESY, Germany, IMPMC, France, UC Davis, National Nuclear Security Administration, U. of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center, Negev, Israel, Dept. of Modern Mechanics, U. of Science and Technology of China, Auburn Univ, Andrews Univ, JHU/APL, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Plymouth, ILE, U. Michigan, U. Bordeaux, U. Alberta, HZDR, Dresden, Germany and TU-Dresden, Germany, European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, germany, Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany, University Siegen, Germany, HZDR, Dresden, Germany, University of Hamburg, University of Strathclyde, SLAC, DESY, Max Plank Institute, Swiss Plasma Center, Lodestar Corp., UC,Irvine, Johns Hopkins University, University of Science and Tech of China, General Atomics, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, None, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University of Sheffield, IST, SDSC, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, QST, UCI, Stonybrook U., Oak Ridge Associated Universities, DIFFER, U-Michigan, PoliTO, U. Wisc-Madison, Lehigh U, Lehigh University, UW, University of Texas - Austin, Institute of Applied Physics - RAS, Universite de Bordeaux/celia, CEA/DAM/Cesta, Institute for Fusion Sciences, University of Texas in Austin, University de Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, CELIA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany, University of Maryland, College Park, Peking University, China, Fundamental Physics Simulation Research Division, National Institute for Fusion Science, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ, Photon Pioneers Center, Osaka Univ, Department of Innovation Systems Engineering, Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences Course, Utsunomiya Univ, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom, Air Force Research Laboratory/Directed Energy Directorate, Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Wisconsin Madison, U Colorado, Princeton, Universit\'{e} de Toulouse and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Wisconsin- Madison, The University of Tokyo, Photeck LTD, Kentech Instruments LTD, Atomic Weapons Establishment, NIST, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Ilia State Univ.; Tbilisi State Univ., Harvard, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; German Aerospace Center, 51147 Cologne, Germany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MA 02138, USA, Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA, Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, SLAC National Accelerator Laborotary, Lawrence Livermore National Laborotary, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, OxfordU, OsakaU, UAlberta, Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, The Ohio State University / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., ISSI, FLASH Center for Computational Science, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University / Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc. (ISSI), Technical University of Darmstadt, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitaet, Muenchen, Max-Planck-Institut for Quantenoptik, Korea Adv Inst of Sci & Tech, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Instituto Balseiro, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Zhejiang Univ, Department of Physics, University of York, UK, CCFE, Culham Science Centre,UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany, Consorzio RFX, Italy, Sichuan University, Tibbar Plasma Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Tri Alpha Energy, Columbia U, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Laboratorio Nacional de Fusi\'on, CIEMAT, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, NYU, Univ of Md, College Park, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, IPP Greifswald, Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Greifswald, Germany, Max Planck Institut f{\"u}r Plasmaphysik, IPP, UW Madison, Max-Plank-Institut für Plamaphysik, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Voss Scientific LLC, Goerz Engineering Solutions LLCGoerz Engineering Solutions LLC, National Security Technologies, Berkeley Research Associates, Imperial College, London, ISAPS, Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,University of Alabama-Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97310, Waco, Texas 76798-7310, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Dept. Phys. Auburn University, PFSC, MIT, CEA DAM DIF, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100094, China, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China, Peking Univ, Hunan Univ, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physcis, INRS, Univ of Rochester, USTC, Hefei, China, IAPCM, Beijing, China, OXF, UC, Ulsan National Institute of Science Technology, Queen’s University Belfast, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratoire d’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), CEA France, Univ. of Oxford (OXF), JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, University of New Hampshire, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, RMorePhysics, Nuclear Research Center Negev, Oxford, U. Chicago, Osaka U., Systems and Technology Research, LLE/Univ. of Rochester, Research Support Instruments, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, U. of Rochester, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, China, U. of Science and Technology of China, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Sensor Sciences, Kentech Instruments, University of Science and Tech of China, CIMS-NYU, Lockheed Martin, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, Lockheed Martin - Palmdale, Zhejiang University, Plasma-Surface Interactions Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois, Univ. Tennessee-Knoxville, University of Illinois, Princeton Univ, Tri Alpha Energy, Foothill Ranch, CA, Tri Alpha Energy, Inc., BINP, KU & MIT, U. Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, Princeton U., Univ of Washington, CfA-Harvard, Princeton University, PPPL, UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, IST - GoLP, Portugal, 15810953809, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, U. Oxford, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab; Texas A&M Univ., Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, University of Manchester, Hiroshima University, ISEE, Nagoya University, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Institute of Physics ASCR, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Eindhoven University of Technology, Ecole Polytechnique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, Photonics Institute, Vienna University of Technology, IST Portugal, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fuso Nuclear, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, LLNL and UCLA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,

  • A. M. Garofalo

    Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Technical University Darmstadt, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, OH, Harbin Institute of Technology, SPbGU, WVU, the University of Tokyo, Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Chemistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, Teknopark, Plazma Tek., Suleyman Demirel University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Saint Petersburg Mining University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM, Department of Fundamental of Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Romania, Laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes, CNRS, Univ. du Havre, France, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon, Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, ENS Cachan and Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay, France, Physics Faculty, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania, University of Texas at Austin, University of Colorado at Denver, University of Saskatchewan, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Greifswald, GERMANY, Univ Carlos III De Madrid, SPAIN, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China, The University of Western Australia, Caltech, Kyushu University, Japan, LLNL, Dartmouth College, Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, General Atomics, Center for Energy Research, Univ of California - San Diego, University of Rochester, Michigan State University, California State University, Northridge, Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics, Woodruff Scientific, Inc., Univ of Maryland, Baltimore County, Dartmouth Coll, PSFC, MIT, LLE, Univ. Rochester, PPPL/USTC, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, Texas A&M University, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, LANL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Oxford, HZDR, Osaka University, IMPMC, European XFEL, MIT, Prism Computational Sciences, Imperial College London, West Virginia University, First Light Fusion, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sorbonne Universités, Univ. Michigan, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom, ORNL, CCFE UK, MIT-PSFC, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Univ of Michigan, Sandia National Labs, General Fusion, General Fusion Inc., University of California San Diego, Magneto Inertial Fusion, Inc, Cornell University, (UCSD), (MIFTI), National Security Technologies, LLC, (UNR), Univ.of California, San Diego (UCSD), Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, Univ.of Nevada, Reno (UNR), HyperV Technologies Corp., HyperV Technologies, University of Washington, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Univ of Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, UCLA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. Washington, UT Knoxville, U Washington, U. Tennessee, Princeton U., Columbia U., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Tokamak Energy Ltd, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan Coast Guard, University of Hyogo, Columbia University, GA, Uni. Gratz, IPP Garching, Consorzio RFX, LPP-ERM/KMS, Brussels, Belgium, FZJ, Julich, Germany, IPFN, IST, Univ. LIsbon, Portugal, Consorzio RFX, Padova, ITaly, CCFE, Abingdon, UK, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, EUROfusion PMU, USP Brazil, EPFL Switzerland, Univ. Seville, MPG, IPP, MIT, PSFC, EPFL, SPC, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland, SPC-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology and Chengdu University, Southwestern Institute of Physics, PO Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China, ASIPP, Natl Fusion Res Inst, NFRI, National Fusion Research Institute, University of Alberta, Univ of California - Los Angeles, U. Maryland, EPFL, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, University of Iowa, ILPP, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, LULI, Palaiseau, CEA, Arpajon, The University of Iowa, Independent Consultant through Syntek Technologies, Inc., Naval Research Laboratory, Princeton University, Colorado State University, UCSD, U. of Greifswald, TUM, Lawrence U., MPI for Plasma Physics, University of California, San Diego, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of California, Berkeley, Lockheed-Martin, University of Michigan, LLE, ULPGC, UNR, SNL, Imperial College, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Univ. of Rochester, Purdue University, University of Alaska Anchorage, University of Strathclyde, The Cockcroft Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Tech-X Corporation, RadiaSoft LLC, Univ of California - Irvine, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Peking University, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, LOA, 91762 Palaiseau, France, Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CEA DAM DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, University of California Los Angeles, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Texas, SWIP, INEST, SPC, EPFL, KIAM, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Tennessee, University of Tennesee Knoxville, Oak Ridge National Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Pisa, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, U. Wisconsin, UC-Berkeley, University of Wisconsin, Madison, University of California, Irvine, Univ of Sci & Tech of China, Institute of Physics, CAS, National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya Univ., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton Univ., Swiss Plasma Center, Lausanne CH, University of Colorado, Boulder, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Fourth State Research, Univ of Maryland-College Park, University of Maryland - College Park, Seoul National University, Korea, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, LBL, U. Colorado, Intel Corporation, Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Univ of Texas at Austin, West Virginia Univ, Lodestar Res Corp, Univ of Texas, Austin, CCFE, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academic of Sciences, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic, NIFS, University of Tsukuba, Kyushu University, Royal Military Academy, Belgium, FAR-TECH, Inc., CompX, MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, XCEL Engineering, Tech-X, NKUA, Greece, NTUA, Greece, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Austin, Institute of Laser Engineering, Univ of California - San Diego, US Naval Research Laboratory, Univ of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Starfire Industries, Los Alamos Natl Lab, The University of Texas at Austin and Cornell University, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Far-Tech Inc., Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, STFC RAL, Didcot, UK, SLAC, IST Lisbon, Portugal, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, ROMANIA, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Universidad de Buenos Aires, University of Strathclyde, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Washington Univ., LBNL, Lanzhou Univ., TU Darmstadt, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Bryn Mawr College, Swarthmore College, HyperJet Fusion, UNM, CASPER - Baylor University, Baylor University, Region 12 Service Center, Illinois Applied Research Institute, Univ. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of California at San Diego, CASPER - Baylor University and Institute of Materials Physics in Space, German Aerospace Center (DLR), CASPER - Baylor University and Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, CASPER - Baylor University and Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary, DHU, University of Tennessee - Knoxville, University of Illinois - Champaign, PPPL, USA, GA, USA, LLNL, USA, ASIPP, China, University of Science and Technology of China, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, University of California, Los Angeles, JHU, HU, G.A., NASA/GSFC, NRL, Tohoku University, Air-Force Research Laboratory, FLASH center for computational science, Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., The Ohio State University, The Ohio State University, Univ of Tsukuba, Oxford University, UK, Imperial College London, UK, University of St Andrews, UK, KU Leuven, Belgium, Virginia Tech, Leidos, National Cheng Kung University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Los Alamos National Lab, DLUT, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCI, Irvine CA 92697, Fusion Simulation Center, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871, DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, University of York, Retired, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Department of Engineering Physics, 53706 Madison, WI, USA, General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 – 5608, USA, ITER Organization, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France, NFRI (Korea), UC-Davis, UW-Madison, UIUC, Lodestar, UC Irvine, University of Texas, Austin, U of Nev/Reno, V. Tech, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA/Service d’Astrophysique, CE Saclay, Ohio State University, U Oxford, U Chicago, ETH Zurich, Queens U Belfast, UNIST, LULI, U Wisconsin-Madison, MPIA Garching, CEA, RAL, The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, ILE, Osaka Univ., GPI, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Miami University Hamilton, University of Texas Austin, GIST, AWE, Tech-X Corp, Utah State University, LLE, University of Rochester, NY, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, University of New Mexico, University of Nevada, Sandia Natl Labs, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Los Alamos Nattional Laboratory, general atomic, los alamos national laboratory, Diamond Materials GmbH, Drexel University, Insititute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of Colorado Boulder, KU Leuven-Herrero, KU Leuven, OSU, Harvard University, Dept. of Physics, U. of Edinburgh, Voss Scientific, European XFEL GmbH, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, ORAU, Oregon State U, ITER, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Florida State University, Nuclear Research Center, California State University, East Bay, University of Colorado, Space Science Institute, Rice University, University of New Hampshire, Durham, Princeton University, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, KULeuven and Von Karman Institut, IGI-CNR, Thammasat University, Thailand, University of Exeter, University of California Berkeley, University of Maryland, University of Delaware, Queens University, Universitá della Calabria, South University of Science and Technology of China, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, LLNL, Livermore, CA, LLE, Rochester, NY, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Goddard Planetary Heliophysics Institute, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Chicago, Universita della Calabria, Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, Tech-X Corporation, University of Colorado/Tech-X Corporation, Applied Materials, Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Nihon University, UES, inc., AFRL, INTEPH Technologies LLC, SPbSU, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Friedrich-Alexander University, Auburn University, University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, MIT PSFC, University of Arkansas, Georgia Tech, General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92121, USA, Princeton Plasma Physisics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, UTK, (GA), (UTIAS), (SNL), (ORNL), (UTK), Queen's University of Belfast, U.Toronto, UT-K, UWM, NRCN, Israel, University of Warwick, Flash Center for Computational Physics, University of Chicago, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, SINP, India, UMichigan, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, Southwestern Institute of Physics, Southwest Jiaotong University, IFS, UT Austin, ENEA, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Central Laser Facility-STFC/RAL, GoLP/Instituto Superior Tecnico, Air Force Research Laboratory, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA, Lancaster University, ILE, Osaka Univ, Japan, GPI, Japan, CELIA, Univ of Bordeaux, LLE, Univ of Rochester, Dipartimento SBAI, Universita' di Roma "La Sapienza", Italy, University of California at Davis, Kyungpook National University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Seoul Natl Univ, Formerly at General Atomics, National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea, National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, 509 5292, Japan, POSTECH, UNIST, NFRI, ITER Organization, Univ. Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, HZDR, Germany, Univ. of Bordeaux, France, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, Russia, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, University of Plymouth, UK, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW72BZ, UK, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Romania, West Virginia University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytech Inst, University of Colorado at Boulder, IPP-Greifswald, Columbia University, USA, Institute of Plasma Physics, China, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, Kyoto Institute of Technology, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Xantho Technologies, LLC, Madison, WI, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ. Wisconsin-Madison, TriAlpha Energy, Inc., UW - Madison, Wheaton College, Wheaton College, IL, University of Madison-Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI USA, Wheaton College, Wheaton IL USA, Chalmers University of Technology, U-Wisconsin, YPI, SUNY Geneseo, Gettysburg, United States Coast Guard Academy, New London, CT 06320, Marquette University, Aarhus University, University Of Manchester And The Cockcroft Institute, SRI International, Andrews University, Stanford University, Eindhoven University of Technology, Laboratory of Laser Energetics, Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, State University of New York at Geneseo, Houghton College, Nuclear Research Center, University of Michigan, Bryn Mawr College, University of Michigan, ISCTE-IUL Portugal, IPFN/IST Portugal, ESRF, France, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, European XFEL, Germany, Osaka University, Japan, LULI, France, DESY, Germany, IMPMC, France, UC Davis, National Nuclear Security Administration, U. of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center, Negev, Israel, Dept. of Modern Mechanics, U. of Science and Technology of China, Auburn Univ, Andrews Univ, JHU/APL, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Plymouth, ILE, U. Michigan, U. Bordeaux, U. Alberta, HZDR, Dresden, Germany and TU-Dresden, Germany, European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, germany, Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany, University Siegen, Germany, HZDR, Dresden, Germany, University of Hamburg, University of Strathclyde, SLAC, DESY, Max Plank Institute, Swiss Plasma Center, Lodestar Corp., UC,Irvine, Johns Hopkins University, University of Science and Tech of China, General Atomics, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, None, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University of Sheffield, IST, SDSC, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, QST, UCI, Stonybrook U., Oak Ridge Associated Universities, DIFFER, U-Michigan, PoliTO, U. Wisc-Madison, Lehigh U, Lehigh University, UW, University of Texas - Austin, Institute of Applied Physics - RAS, Universite de Bordeaux/celia, CEA/DAM/Cesta, Institute for Fusion Sciences, University of Texas in Austin, University de Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, CELIA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany, University of Maryland, College Park, Peking University, China, Fundamental Physics Simulation Research Division, National Institute for Fusion Science, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ, Photon Pioneers Center, Osaka Univ, Department of Innovation Systems Engineering, Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences Course, Utsunomiya Univ, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom, Air Force Research Laboratory/Directed Energy Directorate, Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Wisconsin Madison, U Colorado, Princeton, Universit\'{e} de Toulouse and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Wisconsin- Madison, The University of Tokyo, Photeck LTD, Kentech Instruments LTD, Atomic Weapons Establishment, NIST, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Ilia State Univ.; Tbilisi State Univ., Harvard, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; German Aerospace Center, 51147 Cologne, Germany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MA 02138, USA, Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA, Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, SLAC National Accelerator Laborotary, Lawrence Livermore National Laborotary, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, OxfordU, OsakaU, UAlberta, Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, The Ohio State University / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., ISSI, FLASH Center for Computational Science, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University / Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc. (ISSI), Technical University of Darmstadt, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitaet, Muenchen, Max-Planck-Institut for Quantenoptik, Korea Adv Inst of Sci & Tech, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Instituto Balseiro, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Zhejiang Univ, Department of Physics, University of York, UK, CCFE, Culham Science Centre,UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany, Consorzio RFX, Italy, Sichuan University, Tibbar Plasma Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Tri Alpha Energy, Columbia U, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Laboratorio Nacional de Fusi\'on, CIEMAT, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, NYU, Univ of Md, College Park, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, IPP Greifswald, Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Greifswald, Germany, Max Planck Institut f{\"u}r Plasmaphysik, IPP, UW Madison, Max-Plank-Institut für Plamaphysik, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Voss Scientific LLC, Goerz Engineering Solutions LLCGoerz Engineering Solutions LLC, National Security Technologies, Berkeley Research Associates, Imperial College, London, ISAPS, Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,University of Alabama-Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97310, Waco, Texas 76798-7310, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Dept. Phys. Auburn University, PFSC, MIT, CEA DAM DIF, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100094, China, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China, Peking Univ, Hunan Univ, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physcis, INRS, Univ of Rochester, USTC, Hefei, China, IAPCM, Beijing, China, OXF, UC, Ulsan National Institute of Science Technology, Queen’s University Belfast, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratoire d’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), CEA France, Univ. of Oxford (OXF), JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, University of New Hampshire, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, RMorePhysics, Nuclear Research Center Negev, Oxford, U. Chicago, Osaka U., Systems and Technology Research, LLE/Univ. of Rochester, Research Support Instruments, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, U. of Rochester, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, China, U. of Science and Technology of China, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Sensor Sciences, Kentech Instruments, University of Science and Tech of China, CIMS-NYU, Lockheed Martin, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, Lockheed Martin - Palmdale, Zhejiang University, Plasma-Surface Interactions Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois, Univ. Tennessee-Knoxville, University of Illinois, Princeton Univ, Tri Alpha Energy, Foothill Ranch, CA, Tri Alpha Energy, Inc., BINP, KU & MIT, U. Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, Princeton U., Univ of Washington, CfA-Harvard, Princeton University, PPPL, UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, IST - GoLP, Portugal, 15810953809, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, U. Oxford, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab; Texas A&M Univ., Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, University of Manchester, Hiroshima University, ISEE, Nagoya University, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Institute of Physics ASCR, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Eindhoven University of Technology, Ecole Polytechnique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, Photonics Institute, Vienna University of Technology, IST Portugal, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fuso Nuclear, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, LLNL and UCLA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,

  • A. M. Garofalo

    Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Technical University Darmstadt, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, OH, Harbin Institute of Technology, SPbGU, WVU, the University of Tokyo, Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Chemistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, Teknopark, Plazma Tek., Suleyman Demirel University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Saint Petersburg Mining University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM, Department of Fundamental of Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Romania, Laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes, CNRS, Univ. du Havre, France, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon, Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, ENS Cachan and Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay, France, Physics Faculty, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania, University of Texas at Austin, University of Colorado at Denver, University of Saskatchewan, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Greifswald, GERMANY, Univ Carlos III De Madrid, SPAIN, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China, The University of Western Australia, Caltech, Kyushu University, Japan, LLNL, Dartmouth College, Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, General Atomics, Center for Energy Research, Univ of California - San Diego, University of Rochester, Michigan State University, California State University, Northridge, Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics, Woodruff Scientific, Inc., Univ of Maryland, Baltimore County, Dartmouth Coll, PSFC, MIT, LLE, Univ. Rochester, PPPL/USTC, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, Texas A&M University, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, LANL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Oxford, HZDR, Osaka University, IMPMC, European XFEL, MIT, Prism Computational Sciences, Imperial College London, West Virginia University, First Light Fusion, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sorbonne Universités, Univ. Michigan, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom, ORNL, CCFE UK, MIT-PSFC, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Univ of Michigan, Sandia National Labs, General Fusion, General Fusion Inc., University of California San Diego, Magneto Inertial Fusion, Inc, Cornell University, (UCSD), (MIFTI), National Security Technologies, LLC, (UNR), Univ.of California, San Diego (UCSD), Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, Univ.of Nevada, Reno (UNR), HyperV Technologies Corp., HyperV Technologies, University of Washington, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Univ of Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, UCLA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. Washington, UT Knoxville, U Washington, U. Tennessee, Princeton U., Columbia U., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Tokamak Energy Ltd, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan Coast Guard, University of Hyogo, Columbia University, GA, Uni. Gratz, IPP Garching, Consorzio RFX, LPP-ERM/KMS, Brussels, Belgium, FZJ, Julich, Germany, IPFN, IST, Univ. LIsbon, Portugal, Consorzio RFX, Padova, ITaly, CCFE, Abingdon, UK, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, EUROfusion PMU, USP Brazil, EPFL Switzerland, Univ. Seville, MPG, IPP, MIT, PSFC, EPFL, SPC, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland, SPC-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology and Chengdu University, Southwestern Institute of Physics, PO Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China, ASIPP, Natl Fusion Res Inst, NFRI, National Fusion Research Institute, University of Alberta, Univ of California - Los Angeles, U. Maryland, EPFL, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, University of Iowa, ILPP, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, LULI, Palaiseau, CEA, Arpajon, The University of Iowa, Independent Consultant through Syntek Technologies, Inc., Naval Research Laboratory, Princeton University, Colorado State University, UCSD, U. of Greifswald, TUM, Lawrence U., MPI for Plasma Physics, University of California, San Diego, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of California, Berkeley, Lockheed-Martin, University of Michigan, LLE, ULPGC, UNR, SNL, Imperial College, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Univ. of Rochester, Purdue University, University of Alaska Anchorage, University of Strathclyde, The Cockcroft Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Tech-X Corporation, RadiaSoft LLC, Univ of California - Irvine, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Peking University, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, LOA, 91762 Palaiseau, France, Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CEA DAM DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, University of California Los Angeles, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Texas, SWIP, INEST, SPC, EPFL, KIAM, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Tennessee, University of Tennesee Knoxville, Oak Ridge National Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Pisa, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, U. Wisconsin, UC-Berkeley, University of Wisconsin, Madison, University of California, Irvine, Univ of Sci & Tech of China, Institute of Physics, CAS, National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya Univ., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton Univ., Swiss Plasma Center, Lausanne CH, University of Colorado, Boulder, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Fourth State Research, Univ of Maryland-College Park, University of Maryland - College Park, Seoul National University, Korea, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, LBL, U. Colorado, Intel Corporation, Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Univ of Texas at Austin, West Virginia Univ, Lodestar Res Corp, Univ of Texas, Austin, CCFE, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academic of Sciences, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic, NIFS, University of Tsukuba, Kyushu University, Royal Military Academy, Belgium, FAR-TECH, Inc., CompX, MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, XCEL Engineering, Tech-X, NKUA, Greece, NTUA, Greece, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Austin, Institute of Laser Engineering, Univ of California - San Diego, US Naval Research Laboratory, Univ of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Starfire Industries, Los Alamos Natl Lab, The University of Texas at Austin and Cornell University, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Far-Tech Inc., Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, STFC RAL, Didcot, UK, SLAC, IST Lisbon, Portugal, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, ROMANIA, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Universidad de Buenos Aires, University of Strathclyde, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Washington Univ., LBNL, Lanzhou Univ., TU Darmstadt, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Bryn Mawr College, Swarthmore College, HyperJet Fusion, UNM, CASPER - Baylor University, Baylor University, Region 12 Service Center, Illinois Applied Research Institute, Univ. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of California at San Diego, CASPER - Baylor University and Institute of Materials Physics in Space, German Aerospace Center (DLR), CASPER - Baylor University and Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, CASPER - Baylor University and Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary, DHU, University of Tennessee - Knoxville, University of Illinois - Champaign, PPPL, USA, GA, USA, LLNL, USA, ASIPP, China, University of Science and Technology of China, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, University of California, Los Angeles, JHU, HU, G.A., NASA/GSFC, NRL, Tohoku University, Air-Force Research Laboratory, FLASH center for computational science, Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., The Ohio State University, The Ohio State University, Univ of Tsukuba, Oxford University, UK, Imperial College London, UK, University of St Andrews, UK, KU Leuven, Belgium, Virginia Tech, Leidos, National Cheng Kung University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Los Alamos National Lab, DLUT, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCI, Irvine CA 92697, Fusion Simulation Center, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871, DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, University of York, Retired, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Department of Engineering Physics, 53706 Madison, WI, USA, General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 – 5608, USA, ITER Organization, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France, NFRI (Korea), UC-Davis, UW-Madison, UIUC, Lodestar, UC Irvine, University of Texas, Austin, U of Nev/Reno, V. Tech, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA/Service d’Astrophysique, CE Saclay, Ohio State University, U Oxford, U Chicago, ETH Zurich, Queens U Belfast, UNIST, LULI, U Wisconsin-Madison, MPIA Garching, CEA, RAL, The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, ILE, Osaka Univ., GPI, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Miami University Hamilton, University of Texas Austin, GIST, AWE, Tech-X Corp, Utah State University, LLE, University of Rochester, NY, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, University of New Mexico, University of Nevada, Sandia Natl Labs, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Los Alamos Nattional Laboratory, general atomic, los alamos national laboratory, Diamond Materials GmbH, Drexel University, Insititute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of Colorado Boulder, KU Leuven-Herrero, KU Leuven, OSU, Harvard University, Dept. of Physics, U. of Edinburgh, Voss Scientific, European XFEL GmbH, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, ORAU, Oregon State U, ITER, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Florida State University, Nuclear Research Center, California State University, East Bay, University of Colorado, Space Science Institute, Rice University, University of New Hampshire, Durham, Princeton University, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, KULeuven and Von Karman Institut, IGI-CNR, Thammasat University, Thailand, University of Exeter, University of California Berkeley, University of Maryland, University of Delaware, Queens University, Universitá della Calabria, South University of Science and Technology of China, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, LLNL, Livermore, CA, LLE, Rochester, NY, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Goddard Planetary Heliophysics Institute, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Chicago, Universita della Calabria, Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, Tech-X Corporation, University of Colorado/Tech-X Corporation, Applied Materials, Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Nihon University, UES, inc., AFRL, INTEPH Technologies LLC, SPbSU, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Friedrich-Alexander University, Auburn University, University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, MIT PSFC, University of Arkansas, Georgia Tech, General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92121, USA, Princeton Plasma Physisics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, UTK, (GA), (UTIAS), (SNL), (ORNL), (UTK), Queen's University of Belfast, U.Toronto, UT-K, UWM, NRCN, Israel, University of Warwick, Flash Center for Computational Physics, University of Chicago, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, SINP, India, UMichigan, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, Southwestern Institute of Physics, Southwest Jiaotong University, IFS, UT Austin, ENEA, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Central Laser Facility-STFC/RAL, GoLP/Instituto Superior Tecnico, Air Force Research Laboratory, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA, Lancaster University, ILE, Osaka Univ, Japan, GPI, Japan, CELIA, Univ of Bordeaux, LLE, Univ of Rochester, Dipartimento SBAI, Universita' di Roma "La Sapienza", Italy, University of California at Davis, Kyungpook National University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Seoul Natl Univ, Formerly at General Atomics, National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea, National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, 509 5292, Japan, POSTECH, UNIST, NFRI, ITER Organization, Univ. Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, HZDR, Germany, Univ. of Bordeaux, France, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, Russia, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, University of Plymouth, UK, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW72BZ, UK, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Romania, West Virginia University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytech Inst, University of Colorado at Boulder, IPP-Greifswald, Columbia University, USA, Institute of Plasma Physics, China, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, Kyoto Institute of Technology, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Xantho Technologies, LLC, Madison, WI, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ. Wisconsin-Madison, TriAlpha Energy, Inc., UW - Madison, Wheaton College, Wheaton College, IL, University of Madison-Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI USA, Wheaton College, Wheaton IL USA, Chalmers University of Technology, U-Wisconsin, YPI, SUNY Geneseo, Gettysburg, United States Coast Guard Academy, New London, CT 06320, Marquette University, Aarhus University, University Of Manchester And The Cockcroft Institute, SRI International, Andrews University, Stanford University, Eindhoven University of Technology, Laboratory of Laser Energetics, Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, State University of New York at Geneseo, Houghton College, Nuclear Research Center, University of Michigan, Bryn Mawr College, University of Michigan, ISCTE-IUL Portugal, IPFN/IST Portugal, ESRF, France, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, European XFEL, Germany, Osaka University, Japan, LULI, France, DESY, Germany, IMPMC, France, UC Davis, National Nuclear Security Administration, U. of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center, Negev, Israel, Dept. of Modern Mechanics, U. of Science and Technology of China, Auburn Univ, Andrews Univ, JHU/APL, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Plymouth, ILE, U. Michigan, U. Bordeaux, U. Alberta, HZDR, Dresden, Germany and TU-Dresden, Germany, European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, germany, Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany, University Siegen, Germany, HZDR, Dresden, Germany, University of Hamburg, University of Strathclyde, SLAC, DESY, Max Plank Institute, Swiss Plasma Center, Lodestar Corp., UC,Irvine, Johns Hopkins University, University of Science and Tech of China, General Atomics, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, None, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University of Sheffield, IST, SDSC, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, QST, UCI, Stonybrook U., Oak Ridge Associated Universities, DIFFER, U-Michigan, PoliTO, U. Wisc-Madison, Lehigh U, Lehigh University, UW, University of Texas - Austin, Institute of Applied Physics - RAS, Universite de Bordeaux/celia, CEA/DAM/Cesta, Institute for Fusion Sciences, University of Texas in Austin, University de Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, CELIA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany, University of Maryland, College Park, Peking University, China, Fundamental Physics Simulation Research Division, National Institute for Fusion Science, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ, Photon Pioneers Center, Osaka Univ, Department of Innovation Systems Engineering, Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences Course, Utsunomiya Univ, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom, Air Force Research Laboratory/Directed Energy Directorate, Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Wisconsin Madison, U Colorado, Princeton, Universit\'{e} de Toulouse and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Wisconsin- Madison, The University of Tokyo, Photeck LTD, Kentech Instruments LTD, Atomic Weapons Establishment, NIST, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Ilia State Univ.; Tbilisi State Univ., Harvard, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; German Aerospace Center, 51147 Cologne, Germany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MA 02138, USA, Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA, Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, SLAC National Accelerator Laborotary, Lawrence Livermore National Laborotary, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, OxfordU, OsakaU, UAlberta, Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, The Ohio State University / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., ISSI, FLASH Center for Computational Science, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University / Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc. (ISSI), Technical University of Darmstadt, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitaet, Muenchen, Max-Planck-Institut for Quantenoptik, Korea Adv Inst of Sci & Tech, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Instituto Balseiro, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Zhejiang Univ, Department of Physics, University of York, UK, CCFE, Culham Science Centre,UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany, Consorzio RFX, Italy, Sichuan University, Tibbar Plasma Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Tri Alpha Energy, Columbia U, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Laboratorio Nacional de Fusi\'on, CIEMAT, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, NYU, Univ of Md, College Park, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, IPP Greifswald, Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Greifswald, Germany, Max Planck Institut f{\"u}r Plasmaphysik, IPP, UW Madison, Max-Plank-Institut für Plamaphysik, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Voss Scientific LLC, Goerz Engineering Solutions LLCGoerz Engineering Solutions LLC, National Security Technologies, Berkeley Research Associates, Imperial College, London, ISAPS, Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,University of Alabama-Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97310, Waco, Texas 76798-7310, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Dept. Phys. Auburn University, PFSC, MIT, CEA DAM DIF, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100094, China, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China, Peking Univ, Hunan Univ, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physcis, INRS, Univ of Rochester, USTC, Hefei, China, IAPCM, Beijing, China, OXF, UC, Ulsan National Institute of Science Technology, Queen’s University Belfast, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratoire d’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), CEA France, Univ. of Oxford (OXF), JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, University of New Hampshire, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, RMorePhysics, Nuclear Research Center Negev, Oxford, U. Chicago, Osaka U., Systems and Technology Research, LLE/Univ. of Rochester, Research Support Instruments, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, U. of Rochester, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, China, U. of Science and Technology of China, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Sensor Sciences, Kentech Instruments, University of Science and Tech of China, CIMS-NYU, Lockheed Martin, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, Lockheed Martin - Palmdale, Zhejiang University, Plasma-Surface Interactions Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois, Univ. Tennessee-Knoxville, University of Illinois, Princeton Univ, Tri Alpha Energy, Foothill Ranch, CA, Tri Alpha Energy, Inc., BINP, KU & MIT, U. Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, Princeton U., Univ of Washington, CfA-Harvard, Princeton University, PPPL, UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, IST - GoLP, Portugal, 15810953809, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, U. Oxford, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab; Texas A&M Univ., Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, University of Manchester, Hiroshima University, ISEE, Nagoya University, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Institute of Physics ASCR, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Eindhoven University of Technology, Ecole Polytechnique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, Photonics Institute, Vienna University of Technology, IST Portugal, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fuso Nuclear, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, LLNL and UCLA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,

  • A. M. Garofalo

    Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Technical University Darmstadt, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, OH, Harbin Institute of Technology, SPbGU, WVU, the University of Tokyo, Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Chemistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, Teknopark, Plazma Tek., Suleyman Demirel University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Saint Petersburg Mining University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM, Department of Fundamental of Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University of Timisoara, Romania, Laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes, CNRS, Univ. du Havre, France, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon, Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS, ENS Cachan and Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay, France, Physics Faculty, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania, University of Texas at Austin, University of Colorado at Denver, University of Saskatchewan, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Greifswald, GERMANY, Univ Carlos III De Madrid, SPAIN, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China, The University of Western Australia, Caltech, Kyushu University, Japan, LLNL, Dartmouth College, Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, General Atomics, Center for Energy Research, Univ of California - San Diego, University of Rochester, Michigan State University, California State University, Northridge, Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics, Woodruff Scientific, Inc., Univ of Maryland, Baltimore County, Dartmouth Coll, PSFC, MIT, LLE, Univ. Rochester, PPPL/USTC, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, Texas A&M University, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, LANL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Oxford, HZDR, Osaka University, IMPMC, European XFEL, MIT, Prism Computational Sciences, Imperial College London, West Virginia University, First Light Fusion, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sorbonne Universités, Univ. Michigan, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany, University of Seville, Seville, Spain, Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom, ORNL, CCFE UK, MIT-PSFC, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Univ of Michigan, Sandia National Labs, General Fusion, General Fusion Inc., University of California San Diego, Magneto Inertial Fusion, Inc, Cornell University, (UCSD), (MIFTI), National Security Technologies, LLC, (UNR), Univ.of California, San Diego (UCSD), Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, Univ.of Nevada, Reno (UNR), HyperV Technologies Corp., HyperV Technologies, University of Washington, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Univ of Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, UCLA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. Washington, UT Knoxville, U Washington, U. Tennessee, Princeton U., Columbia U., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Tokamak Energy Ltd, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan Coast Guard, University of Hyogo, Columbia University, GA, Uni. Gratz, IPP Garching, Consorzio RFX, LPP-ERM/KMS, Brussels, Belgium, FZJ, Julich, Germany, IPFN, IST, Univ. LIsbon, Portugal, Consorzio RFX, Padova, ITaly, CCFE, Abingdon, UK, ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, EUROfusion PMU, USP Brazil, EPFL Switzerland, Univ. Seville, MPG, IPP, MIT, PSFC, EPFL, SPC, CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland, SPC-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology and Chengdu University, Southwestern Institute of Physics, PO Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China, ASIPP, Natl Fusion Res Inst, NFRI, National Fusion Research Institute, University of Alberta, Univ of California - Los Angeles, U. Maryland, EPFL, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, University of Iowa, ILPP, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, LULI, Palaiseau, CEA, Arpajon, The University of Iowa, Independent Consultant through Syntek Technologies, Inc., Naval Research Laboratory, Princeton University, Colorado State University, UCSD, U. of Greifswald, TUM, Lawrence U., MPI for Plasma Physics, University of California, San Diego, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of California, Berkeley, Lockheed-Martin, University of Michigan, LLE, ULPGC, UNR, SNL, Imperial College, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Univ. of Rochester, Purdue University, University of Alaska Anchorage, University of Strathclyde, The Cockcroft Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Tech-X Corporation, RadiaSoft LLC, Univ of California - Irvine, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Peking University, Queen's University Belfast, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, LOA, 91762 Palaiseau, France, Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CEA DAM DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, University of California Los Angeles, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Texas, SWIP, INEST, SPC, EPFL, KIAM, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Tennessee, University of Tennesee Knoxville, Oak Ridge National Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Pisa, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, U. Wisconsin, UC-Berkeley, University of Wisconsin, Madison, University of California, Irvine, Univ of Sci & Tech of China, Institute of Physics, CAS, National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya Univ., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton Univ., Swiss Plasma Center, Lausanne CH, University of Colorado, Boulder, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Fourth State Research, Univ of Maryland-College Park, University of Maryland - College Park, Seoul National University, Korea, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, LBL, U. Colorado, Intel Corporation, Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Univ of Texas at Austin, West Virginia Univ, Lodestar Res Corp, Univ of Texas, Austin, CCFE, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academic of Sciences, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic, NIFS, University of Tsukuba, Kyushu University, Royal Military Academy, Belgium, FAR-TECH, Inc., CompX, MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, XCEL Engineering, Tech-X, NKUA, Greece, NTUA, Greece, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Austin, Institute of Laser Engineering, Univ of California - San Diego, US Naval Research Laboratory, Univ of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Starfire Industries, Los Alamos Natl Lab, The University of Texas at Austin and Cornell University, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Far-Tech Inc., Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, STFC RAL, Didcot, UK, SLAC, IST Lisbon, Portugal, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, ROMANIA, Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Universidad de Buenos Aires, University of Strathclyde, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Washington Univ., LBNL, Lanzhou Univ., TU Darmstadt, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Bryn Mawr College, Swarthmore College, HyperJet Fusion, UNM, CASPER - Baylor University, Baylor University, Region 12 Service Center, Illinois Applied Research Institute, Univ. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of California at San Diego, CASPER - Baylor University and Institute of Materials Physics in Space, German Aerospace Center (DLR), CASPER - Baylor University and Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, CASPER - Baylor University and Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary, DHU, University of Tennessee - Knoxville, University of Illinois - Champaign, PPPL, USA, GA, USA, LLNL, USA, ASIPP, China, University of Science and Technology of China, CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, University of California, Los Angeles, JHU, HU, G.A., NASA/GSFC, NRL, Tohoku University, Air-Force Research Laboratory, FLASH center for computational science, Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., The Ohio State University, The Ohio State University, Univ of Tsukuba, Oxford University, UK, Imperial College London, UK, University of St Andrews, UK, KU Leuven, Belgium, Virginia Tech, Leidos, National Cheng Kung University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Los Alamos National Lab, DLUT, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCI, Irvine CA 92697, Fusion Simulation Center, Peking University, Beijing, China 100871, DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, University of York, Retired, Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Department of Engineering Physics, 53706 Madison, WI, USA, General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 – 5608, USA, ITER Organization, 13115 St Paul Lez Durance, France, NFRI (Korea), UC-Davis, UW-Madison, UIUC, Lodestar, UC Irvine, University of Texas, Austin, U of Nev/Reno, V. Tech, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA/Service d’Astrophysique, CE Saclay, Ohio State University, U Oxford, U Chicago, ETH Zurich, Queens U Belfast, UNIST, LULI, U Wisconsin-Madison, MPIA Garching, CEA, RAL, The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, ILE, Osaka Univ., GPI, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Miami University Hamilton, University of Texas Austin, GIST, AWE, Tech-X Corp, Utah State University, LLE, University of Rochester, NY, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, University of New Mexico, University of Nevada, Sandia Natl Labs, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Los Alamos Nattional Laboratory, general atomic, los alamos national laboratory, Diamond Materials GmbH, Drexel University, Insititute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, University of Colorado Boulder, KU Leuven-Herrero, KU Leuven, OSU, Harvard University, Dept. of Physics, U. of Edinburgh, Voss Scientific, European XFEL GmbH, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, University of Rostock, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, ORAU, Oregon State U, ITER, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Florida State University, Nuclear Research Center, California State University, East Bay, University of Colorado, Space Science Institute, Rice University, University of New Hampshire, Durham, Princeton University, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, KULeuven and Von Karman Institut, IGI-CNR, Thammasat University, Thailand, University of Exeter, University of California Berkeley, University of Maryland, University of Delaware, Queens University, Universitá della Calabria, South University of Science and Technology of China, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, LLNL, Livermore, CA, LLE, Rochester, NY, PPPL, Princeton, NJ, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Goddard Planetary Heliophysics Institute, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Chicago, Universita della Calabria, Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, Tech-X Corporation, University of Colorado/Tech-X Corporation, Applied Materials, Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Nihon University, UES, inc., AFRL, INTEPH Technologies LLC, SPbSU, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, High Energy Density Science Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Friedrich-Alexander University, Auburn University, University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, MIT PSFC, University of Arkansas, Georgia Tech, General Atomics, San Diego, CA 92121, USA, Princeton Plasma Physisics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA, UTK, (GA), (UTIAS), (SNL), (ORNL), (UTK), Queen's University of Belfast, U.Toronto, UT-K, UWM, NRCN, Israel, University of Warwick, Flash Center for Computational Physics, University of Chicago, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, SINP, India, UMichigan, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, Southwestern Institute of Physics, Southwest Jiaotong University, IFS, UT Austin, ENEA, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Central Laser Facility-STFC/RAL, GoLP/Instituto Superior Tecnico, Air Force Research Laboratory, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA, Lancaster University, ILE, Osaka Univ, Japan, GPI, Japan, CELIA, Univ of Bordeaux, LLE, Univ of Rochester, Dipartimento SBAI, Universita' di Roma "La Sapienza", Italy, University of California at Davis, Kyungpook National University, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Seoul Natl Univ, Formerly at General Atomics, National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea, National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, 509 5292, Japan, POSTECH, UNIST, NFRI, ITER Organization, Univ. Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, HZDR, Germany, Univ. of Bordeaux, France, CHEDS, Univ. of Texas, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, Russia, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, University of Plymouth, UK, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW72BZ, UK, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Johns Hopkins University, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), IFIN-HH, Romania, West Virginia University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytech Inst, University of Colorado at Boulder, IPP-Greifswald, Columbia University, USA, Institute of Plasma Physics, China, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, Kyoto Institute of Technology, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Xantho Technologies, LLC, Madison, WI, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ. Wisconsin-Madison, TriAlpha Energy, Inc., UW - Madison, Wheaton College, Wheaton College, IL, University of Madison-Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI USA, Wheaton College, Wheaton IL USA, Chalmers University of Technology, U-Wisconsin, YPI, SUNY Geneseo, Gettysburg, United States Coast Guard Academy, New London, CT 06320, Marquette University, Aarhus University, University Of Manchester And The Cockcroft Institute, SRI International, Andrews University, Stanford University, Eindhoven University of Technology, Laboratory of Laser Energetics, Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses, State University of New York at Geneseo, Houghton College, Nuclear Research Center, University of Michigan, Bryn Mawr College, University of Michigan, ISCTE-IUL Portugal, IPFN/IST Portugal, ESRF, France, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, European XFEL, Germany, Osaka University, Japan, LULI, France, DESY, Germany, IMPMC, France, UC Davis, National Nuclear Security Administration, U. of Michigan and Nuclear Research Center, Negev, Israel, Dept. of Modern Mechanics, U. of Science and Technology of China, Auburn Univ, Andrews Univ, JHU/APL, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Plymouth, ILE, U. Michigan, U. Bordeaux, U. Alberta, HZDR, Dresden, Germany and TU-Dresden, Germany, European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, germany, Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany, University Siegen, Germany, HZDR, Dresden, Germany, University of Hamburg, University of Strathclyde, SLAC, DESY, Max Plank Institute, Swiss Plasma Center, Lodestar Corp., UC,Irvine, Johns Hopkins University, University of Science and Tech of China, General Atomics, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, None, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University of Sheffield, IST, SDSC, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, QST, UCI, Stonybrook U., Oak Ridge Associated Universities, DIFFER, U-Michigan, PoliTO, U. Wisc-Madison, Lehigh U, Lehigh University, UW, University of Texas - Austin, Institute of Applied Physics - RAS, Universite de Bordeaux/celia, CEA/DAM/Cesta, Institute for Fusion Sciences, University of Texas in Austin, University de Bordeaux/CNRS/CEA, CELIA, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany, University of Maryland, College Park, Peking University, China, Fundamental Physics Simulation Research Division, National Institute for Fusion Science, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka Univ, Photon Pioneers Center, Osaka Univ, Department of Innovation Systems Engineering, Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences Course, Utsunomiya Univ, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom, Air Force Research Laboratory/Directed Energy Directorate, Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Wisconsin Madison, U Colorado, Princeton, Universit\'{e} de Toulouse and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Wisconsin- Madison, The University of Tokyo, Photeck LTD, Kentech Instruments LTD, Atomic Weapons Establishment, NIST, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Ilia State Univ.; Tbilisi State Univ., Harvard, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; German Aerospace Center, 51147 Cologne, Germany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MA 02138, USA, Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA, Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, SLAC National Accelerator Laborotary, Lawrence Livermore National Laborotary, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, OxfordU, OsakaU, UAlberta, Center for High Energy Density Science, University of Texas, Austin, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, OH, The Ohio State University / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., ISSI, FLASH Center for Computational Science, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University / Innovative Scientific Solutions, Inc. (ISSI), Technical University of Darmstadt, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitaet, Muenchen, Max-Planck-Institut for Quantenoptik, Korea Adv Inst of Sci & Tech, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Instituto Balseiro, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Zhejiang Univ, Department of Physics, University of York, UK, CCFE, Culham Science Centre,UK, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Garching, Germany, Consorzio RFX, Italy, Sichuan University, Tibbar Plasma Technologies, University of Science and Technology of China, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia, Tri Alpha Energy, Columbia U, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Laboratorio Nacional de Fusi\'on, CIEMAT, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, NYU, Univ of Md, College Park, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, IPP Greifswald, Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Greifswald, Germany, Max Planck Institut f{\"u}r Plasmaphysik, IPP, UW Madison, Max-Plank-Institut für Plamaphysik, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Voss Scientific LLC, Goerz Engineering Solutions LLCGoerz Engineering Solutions LLC, National Security Technologies, Berkeley Research Associates, Imperial College, London, ISAPS, Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,University of Alabama-Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics and Engineering Research, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97310, Waco, Texas 76798-7310, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Dept. Phys. Auburn University, PFSC, MIT, CEA DAM DIF, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100094, China, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China, Peking Univ, Hunan Univ, Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physcis, INRS, Univ of Rochester, USTC, Hefei, China, IAPCM, Beijing, China, OXF, UC, Ulsan National Institute of Science Technology, Queen’s University Belfast, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratoire d’Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), CEA France, Univ. of Oxford (OXF), JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, University of New Hampshire, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, RMorePhysics, Nuclear Research Center Negev, Oxford, U. Chicago, Osaka U., Systems and Technology Research, LLE/Univ. of Rochester, Research Support Instruments, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, U. of Rochester, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, China, U. of Science and Technology of China, Princeton Plasma Physics Lab, Sensor Sciences, Kentech Instruments, University of Science and Tech of China, CIMS-NYU, Lockheed Martin, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, Lockheed Martin - Palmdale, Zhejiang University, Plasma-Surface Interactions Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois, Univ. Tennessee-Knoxville, University of Illinois, Princeton Univ, Tri Alpha Energy, Foothill Ranch, CA, Tri Alpha Energy, Inc., BINP, KU & MIT, U. Wisconsin, Madison, PPPL, Princeton U., Univ of Washington, CfA-Harvard, Princeton University, PPPL, UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy, IST - GoLP, Portugal, 15810953809, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, U. Oxford, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab; Texas A&M Univ., Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf, Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, University of Manchester, Hiroshima University, ISEE, Nagoya University, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Institute of Physics ASCR, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Eindhoven University of Technology, Ecole Polytechnique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, Photonics Institute, Vienna University of Technology, IST Portugal, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fuso Nuclear, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, LLNL and UCLA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,