Simulation of quasi spherical direct drive capsules for pulsed-power driven inertial fusion energy

Magnetic pressure from 35-MA current in a 1-mm-radius liner is equivalent to the ablation pressure in the beryllium pusher of an inertial fusion capsule in a 300 eV hohlraum and can, in principle, drive a Quasi Spherical Direct Drive (QSDD) fusion capsule to yields of $\sim $600 MJ with a 45 MA, 40 ns pulsed power driver. Analytic theory and 1D and 2D simulations of QSDD capsules show insensitivity to magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor instability, internal pulse shaping, efficient compression of cryogenic fuel on a low ($\alpha $=1.5) adiabat, hot spot heating, current diffusion into the hot spot with alpha trapping, and burn. However, practical QSDD capsules require a large rate of change of current dI/dt $\sim $1.5 MA/ns and are susceptible to a wall instability, which must be further mitigated.