Multiple-Picket, Direct-Drive Target Designs for OMEGA and the NIF

C.K. Li**; C.K. Li**; C.K. Li**; C.K. Li**; C.K. Li**; C.K. Li**; C.K. Li**

Multiple-Picket, Direct-Drive Target Designs for OMEGA and the NIF

ORAL

Abstract

Multiple-picket, direct-drive target designs are considered for the National Ignition Facility. They have several advantages over conventional designs with continuous drive pulses. Because of inaccuracies in modeling EOS and laser coupling, the slope of the intensity rise in a continuous-pulse design must be experimentally ``tuned'' to prevent steepening of the compression wave front into a shock. Recent shock-velocity measurements\footnote{T.R. Boehly \textit{et al}., ``Timing of Multiple Shock Waves in Cryogenic-Deuterium Targets,'' invited talk, this conference.} indicate that the shock tuning can be facilitated by replacing this rise region with two or three pickets. The required shock-timing accuracy can be achieved in this case by adjusting energies of individual pickets. In addition, the multiple-picket design produces an enhanced adiabat steepening at the ablation front that increases target robustness to the hydro instability. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC52-08NA28302.

Nov. 20, 2008, 10:30 AM – Nov. 20, 2008, 10:42 AM

Authors

C.K. Li**

Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ecole Normale Superieur, Universite de Provence, Marseille, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ecole Central de Lyon, Peking University, UCLA, General Atomics, Tech-X Corporation, University of California- Los Angeles, University of Iowa, UCSD, Boston College, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, CEA/DAM/Cesta, University of Tulsa, LLNL, LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, Sandia National Laboratories, University of Oxford, The Univ. of Iowa, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Nuclear Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, Institut f\"ur Physik, Universit\"at Rostock, Germany, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, M.I.T., ANSALDO Ricerche, Italy, Columbia Univeristy, Consorzio RFX, Euratom-Enea Association, Padova, Italy, ORNL, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear, IST, Portugal, SSTD, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Poland, DCTI, Instituto Superior de Ciencias do Trabalho e da Empresa, Portugal, GENAO, Chavchavadze State U, M.Nodia Inst. of Geophys., U of Wisconsin, UT Austin, IFS, EPFL CRPP, Switzerland, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Max-Planck Institute fur Plasmaphysik, National Fusion Research Institute, Berkeley Research Associates, Springfield, VA, LCP-FD, NRL, Washington, DC, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, Washington, DC, ARTEP, Inc., Ellicott City, MD, Institut de recherche d'Hydro-Quebec, Naval Research Laboratory, Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Christian-Albrechts-University zu Kiel, Physics Department, Rollins College, White Park, FL 32789, Physics Department, Auburn University, 206 Allison Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36849, U. of Texas at Austin, PPPL, Princeton, Laboratory for Laser Energetics and FSC, U. of Rochester, FAR-TECH, Inc., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Columbia University, Lehigh U., HyperV Technologies Corporation, HyperV Technologies, Hyper V Technologies, Voss Scientific, Consultant, Naval Research Laboratory, Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, CEA-DAM, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Alameda Applied Sciences Corp., San Leandro, CA, ITHPP, 46500 Thegra, France, Consultant, Philomath, OR, Centre d'Etudes de Gramat, 46500 Gramat, France, Consultant, San Diego, CA, LLE, MIT, Los Alamos National Lab, Ohio Wesleyan Univ., Univ. Nevada Reno, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550-9234, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, MA, 02139, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, 08543, Ohio Wesleyan University, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Chicago, U. Buenos Aires, University of Delaware, Space Science Center, University of New Hampshire, State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, University of New Hampshire, University of California, Berkeley, PPPL, New York University, EURATOM-UKAEA, Fusion Assocation, Culham Science Center, Abingdon, UK, CRIOTEC Impianti, Italy, ENEA, Italy, Iwamura Electric Co, Osaka, Japan, Pontocho College of Art and Science, Kyoto, Japan, LBNL, Univ. of Colorado, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, University of Kansas, University Of Kansas, Rice University, University of Wisconsin - Madison, University of California, Los Angeles, Warwick University, UK, UCI CA 92697, UCSD CA 92093, ANU, Canberra, ACT 2602 Australia, CRPP-EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, UCLA, CMPD, USC, SLAC, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, School of EEE, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Department of Physics, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratory, University of Southern California, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fus\~ao Nuclear, Instituto Superior T\'ecnico, Lisboa, Portugal, Cornell University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado and Tech-X Corp., Boulder, CO, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado, Air Force Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Calabazas Creek Research, Inc., MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, CEA-DSM, University of Texas, University of Arizona, Florida State University, Nevada Terawatt Facility, University of Nevada, Reno, IPP Garching, Nova Photonics, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton University, CMSO, PPPL, Cal State San Marcos, Princeton Univ., LANL, Wheaton College, IPP, Garching, ETH-Zurich, ETH Zurich, Max-Planck-institut fuer Plasmaphysik, UW Madison, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, University of Rochester, University of Wisconsin, Center for Magnetic-Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas, University of New Mexico, Naval Research Lab, UCLA Basic Plasma Science Facility, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, West Virginia University, Kwangwoon University, PSM INC, University of Colorado, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, Weizmann Institute of Science, National Securities Technologies, ISSI, inc., WVU, UES, inc., AFRL, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, LPGP Orsay, TU Darmstadt, UCLM Ciudar Real, IPCP Chernogolovka, MISDC of VNIIFTRI Mendeleevo, SAIC/NRL, Shandong University/Chinese Academy of Science Beijing/LULI, Osaka University, CEA, LULI Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratoire pour l Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (Ecole Polytechnique) - CEA, Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab., Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, NY, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, Geneseo, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, UC Riverside, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, University of Colorado at Boulder, Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas at Austin, U.C.S.D., France-Japan Magnetic Fusion Laboratory LIA 336 CNRS, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Center for Astrophysics and Space Science, UCSD, University of California, Irvine, Institute for Fusion Studies, National Institute for Fusion Science, EURATOM Risoe National Laboratory Denmark, Euratom-ENEA-CNR,Italy, LMD-IPSL-CNRS, Normale Sup\'erieure Paris, University of Washington, Prairie View A\&M University, University of Hyogo, Gunma Univ., Univ. of Hyogo, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, Univ. of Washington, UW-Madison, Florida A\&M Univ., UC Berkeley, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, University of Nevada Reno, NV, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, NumerEx LLC, Albuquerque, NM, SAIC, Albuquerque, NM, Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM, Haverford College, Jacobs Univ., EURATOM, Belgium, EURATOM/UKAEA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Nova Photonics, Inc, U. 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Tokyo, Nihon Univ., Royal Military Academy, Brussels, Belgium, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, University of Texas at Austin, Fusion Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, AIST, Japan, MIT-PSFC, Massachusetts, USA, PPPL, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, Nova Photonics, New Jersey, USA, Princeton U., CRPP-EPFL, Association EURATOM - Conf\'{e}d\'{e}ration Suisse, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Lehigh U, Tech-X Corp, Tech-X, Univ. of California at San Diego, Paratools Inc, ANL, Texh-X Corporation, University of California, Irvine, USA, General Atomics, San Diego, USA, ENEA C.R. 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Alberta, Ohio State U., Texas Center for High Intensity Laser Science, University of Texas at Austin, Institut f\"ur Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universit\"at, D\"usseldorf, Germany, Institute for Laser and Plasmaphysics, Heinrich-Heine-University, D\"usseldorf, Germany, UA, Edmonton, Alberta, MIT, Cambridge, MA, UCSD, San Diego, CA, LLNL, Livermore, CA, OSU, Columbus, OH, UC Davis, Ohio State University, U. of California, San Diego, RAL, CEA Cadarache, ERM/KMS Brussels, Euratom/UKAEA, EPFL, University of Maryland, College Park, Aerospace and Energetics Research Program, University of Washington, USU, TechX, Center for Magnetic-Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, University of Wisconsin, Consorzio RFX and CNR, Conzorzio RFX, Physics Department and IFS, The University of Texas at Austin, Brigham Young University, Budker Inst., Utah State University, Lodestar Research Corp, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, USA, ETSII - UCLM, Campus s/n Ciudad Real, Spain, Berkeley Research Associates, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, CEA Centre DAM - Ile de France Bruyeres le Chatel F-91297 Arpajon cedex, France, Setsunan Univ., National Inst. 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New Mexico, NumerEx, Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, DOE/NNSA, Berkeley Scholars, Inc., Ktech Corporation, NNSA, DOE Headquarters, Imperial College, London, UK, Observatoire de Paris, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Rice U., AWE Comm., Chinese Academy of Sciences, Marine Geosciences Division, NRL, Stennis, MS, Research Support Instruments, Inc., Lanham, MD, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, Berkeley, Princeton, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, U. St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisbon, Portugal, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, JNL Scientific, Casa Grande, AZ 85222, Kyoto University, Japan
C.K. Li**

Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ecole Normale Superieur, Universite de Provence, Marseille, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ecole Central de Lyon, Peking University, UCLA, General Atomics, Tech-X Corporation, University of California- Los Angeles, University of Iowa, UCSD, Boston College, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, CEA/DAM/Cesta, University of Tulsa, LLNL, LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, Sandia National Laboratories, University of Oxford, The Univ. of Iowa, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Nuclear Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, Institut f\"ur Physik, Universit\"at Rostock, Germany, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, M.I.T., ANSALDO Ricerche, Italy, Columbia Univeristy, Consorzio RFX, Euratom-Enea Association, Padova, Italy, ORNL, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear, IST, Portugal, SSTD, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Poland, DCTI, Instituto Superior de Ciencias do Trabalho e da Empresa, Portugal, GENAO, Chavchavadze State U, M.Nodia Inst. of Geophys., U of Wisconsin, UT Austin, IFS, EPFL CRPP, Switzerland, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Max-Planck Institute fur Plasmaphysik, National Fusion Research Institute, Berkeley Research Associates, Springfield, VA, LCP-FD, NRL, Washington, DC, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, Washington, DC, ARTEP, Inc., Ellicott City, MD, Institut de recherche d'Hydro-Quebec, Naval Research Laboratory, Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Christian-Albrechts-University zu Kiel, Physics Department, Rollins College, White Park, FL 32789, Physics Department, Auburn University, 206 Allison Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36849, U. of Texas at Austin, PPPL, Princeton, Laboratory for Laser Energetics and FSC, U. of Rochester, FAR-TECH, Inc., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Columbia University, Lehigh U., HyperV Technologies Corporation, HyperV Technologies, Hyper V Technologies, Voss Scientific, Consultant, Naval Research Laboratory, Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, CEA-DAM, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Alameda Applied Sciences Corp., San Leandro, CA, ITHPP, 46500 Thegra, France, Consultant, Philomath, OR, Centre d'Etudes de Gramat, 46500 Gramat, France, Consultant, San Diego, CA, LLE, MIT, Los Alamos National Lab, Ohio Wesleyan Univ., Univ. Nevada Reno, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550-9234, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, MA, 02139, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, 08543, Ohio Wesleyan University, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Chicago, U. Buenos Aires, University of Delaware, Space Science Center, University of New Hampshire, State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, University of New Hampshire, University of California, Berkeley, PPPL, New York University, EURATOM-UKAEA, Fusion Assocation, Culham Science Center, Abingdon, UK, CRIOTEC Impianti, Italy, ENEA, Italy, Iwamura Electric Co, Osaka, Japan, Pontocho College of Art and Science, Kyoto, Japan, LBNL, Univ. of Colorado, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, University of Kansas, University Of Kansas, Rice University, University of Wisconsin - Madison, University of California, Los Angeles, Warwick University, UK, UCI CA 92697, UCSD CA 92093, ANU, Canberra, ACT 2602 Australia, CRPP-EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, UCLA, CMPD, USC, SLAC, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, School of EEE, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Department of Physics, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratory, University of Southern California, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fus\~ao Nuclear, Instituto Superior T\'ecnico, Lisboa, Portugal, Cornell University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado and Tech-X Corp., Boulder, CO, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado, Air Force Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Calabazas Creek Research, Inc., MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, CEA-DSM, University of Texas, University of Arizona, Florida State University, Nevada Terawatt Facility, University of Nevada, Reno, IPP Garching, Nova Photonics, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton University, CMSO, PPPL, Cal State San Marcos, Princeton Univ., LANL, Wheaton College, IPP, Garching, ETH-Zurich, ETH Zurich, Max-Planck-institut fuer Plasmaphysik, UW Madison, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, University of Rochester, University of Wisconsin, Center for Magnetic-Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas, University of New Mexico, Naval Research Lab, UCLA Basic Plasma Science Facility, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, West Virginia University, Kwangwoon University, PSM INC, University of Colorado, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, Weizmann Institute of Science, National Securities Technologies, ISSI, inc., WVU, UES, inc., AFRL, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, LPGP Orsay, TU Darmstadt, UCLM Ciudar Real, IPCP Chernogolovka, MISDC of VNIIFTRI Mendeleevo, SAIC/NRL, Shandong University/Chinese Academy of Science Beijing/LULI, Osaka University, CEA, LULI Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratoire pour l Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (Ecole Polytechnique) - CEA, Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab., Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, NY, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, Geneseo, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, UC Riverside, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, University of Colorado at Boulder, Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas at Austin, U.C.S.D., France-Japan Magnetic Fusion Laboratory LIA 336 CNRS, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Center for Astrophysics and Space Science, UCSD, University of California, Irvine, Institute for Fusion Studies, National Institute for Fusion Science, EURATOM Risoe National Laboratory Denmark, Euratom-ENEA-CNR,Italy, LMD-IPSL-CNRS, Normale Sup\'erieure Paris, University of Washington, Prairie View A\&M University, University of Hyogo, Gunma Univ., Univ. of Hyogo, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, Univ. of Washington, UW-Madison, Florida A\&M Univ., UC Berkeley, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, University of Nevada Reno, NV, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, NumerEx LLC, Albuquerque, NM, SAIC, Albuquerque, NM, Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM, Haverford College, Jacobs Univ., EURATOM, Belgium, EURATOM/UKAEA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Nova Photonics, Inc, U. Texas, ORISE, NFRI, General Atomics, USA, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, USA, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, U. Toronto, University of Toronto, University of York, UK, Georgia Tech, ASIPP, IPR, EURATOM/CEA, University of California-Los Angeles, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT, University of Texas-Austin, Lehigh University, UKAEA, Columbia U., U. Tulsa, FSC \& LLE, Univ. Rochester, SAIC, PSFC, MIT, NCRN, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, FSC, U. of Rochester, LLE, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, Imperial College, FOCUS Center, CUOS, U. of M., Rice Uni., University of Maryland, Princeton Plasma Physics laboratory (PPPL), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, U.K., P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow, Russia, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France, CEA-DIF, Arpajon, France, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, UCLA and LLNL, AWE Aldermaston, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, CEA/DIF, Bruyeres le Chatel - 91297 Arpajon Cedex, AWE, GA, MIT-PSFC, MIT PSFC, ITER Organization, NFRC, Korea, U C Davis, FRC-UTA, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Icarus Research Inc., Berkeley Research Inc., CEA Saclay - France, LULI - France, Hebrew Univ., Dept. of Physics, Ntl. Central Univ., Jhongli, Taiwan, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological Univ., Singapore, Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, LULI, Duke University, GWU, Argonne National Laboratory, The George Washington University, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, George Washington University, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea, SaTReC Initiative, Daejeon, Korea, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Institute of Space, Astrophysical and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Auburn University, Kyushu Univ., Tohoku Univ., SPbSU, UES/WVU, Institute of Physics Belgrade, Max Planck Institute of Extraterrestrial Physics, University of Liverpool, Max-Planck-Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany, Florida A\&M University, Florida A\&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Assoc. \& Imperial College, EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Assoc., The University of Manchester, U. Wisc.-Madison, UC-Irvine, U. Texas-Austin, Consorzio RFX, FZ-Juelich, U. Wisc., IPP, NYU, MPI, FZJ, IPP-Garching, U. Col.-Boulder, Hiroshima U., PPPL, and the NSTX Team., U. of Colorado, Lodestar Research Corporation, Czech Institute of Plasma Physics, CompX, UC Irvine, U. of Tulsa, UCI, UW, Purdue University, SNL, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, Consorzio RFX, Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla Fusione, Padova, Italy, Consorzio RFX, Associazione EURATOM-ENEA sulla fusione, C.so Stati Uniti 4 35127, Padova, Italy, Consorzio RFX, Euratom-ENEA Association, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova - Italy, UW - Madison, UW- Madison, Wheaton College, CMSO, MST, UW-Madison and CMSO, University of Wisconsin, Madison, RFX, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisboa, Portugal, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, SFA Inc., Ohio Northern University, LLE, UR, NY, NSTec STL, CA, AWE, UK, LANL, NM, UNR, RSI, SFA, ARTEP, NRL, Polymath Research, Lodestar, LULI, CNRS UMR 7605, Univ. Pierre et Marie Curie, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, CEA-DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France, Centre de Physique Theorique, CNRS UMR 7644, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, Max-Planck-Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Assoziation, University of California San Diego, URN, Ohio Westleyn University, University Nevada Reno, ILE, Osaka Univ., Japan, Grad. school of Eng., Osaka Univ., Japan, Heinrich Heine Univ., Germany, LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, France, School of Math. and Phy., The Queen`s Univ. of Belfast, UK, VNIIFTRI, Moscow Region, Russia, Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, P.N. Lebedev Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow, Russia, Central Laser Facility, STFC, Chilton, Didcot, UK, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, National Key Laboratory of Laser Fusion, Reseach Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, INRS-EMT, Varennes, QC, Canada, LLE, University of Rochester, Department of Physics, MIT, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, UCSD, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Michigan Univ., USA, UCSD, USA, NIFS, Japan, Columbia Universoty, LANL, USA, NFRI, Korea, POSTECH, Korea, Columbia University, USA, RF Sci DAC, Xenogen, Culham Science Centre, UCB, PPL, Culham Sci. Centre, EURATOM CEA, GA Tech, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Wittenberg Univ., RPI, Seoul National University, Laboratory for Laser energetics, Wheaton College, NUF, PPPL, PPPL, Princeton University, University Kiel, LAM Research Corporation, Kentech Instruments, KAERI, Lawrence University, Hampton University, St. Peters College, Department of Energy, Washington, DC 20585 USA, Sandia National Laboratories, NM 87123 USA, JNL Scientific, Casa Grande, AZ 85222 USA, University of Nevada at Reno, NV 89557, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, National Nuclear Security Administration, Imperial College London, Sandia National Labs, CLF, RAL, Paris Observatoire, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185-1193, USA, Max Planck Inst. Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilian Univ. Munich, Los Alamos National Lab., LOA, Ecole Polytechnique, France, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, UK, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London SW7 2AZ, UK, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, National Fusion Research Insititute, IPP-Garching, Euratom Assoc., Germany, Italy, Politecnico Torino, Italy, Ignitor-Piacenza, Italy, Politecnico di Torino, Italy, Edison, Milan (Italy), Columbus, Genoa (Italy), SALENTEC, Lecce, Italy, Universit\`a di Lecce, Italy, Institute for High Current Electronics, CREATE, Italy, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Univ. Tokyo, Nihon Univ., Royal Military Academy, Brussels, Belgium, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, University of Texas at Austin, Fusion Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, AIST, Japan, MIT-PSFC, Massachusetts, USA, PPPL, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, Nova Photonics, New Jersey, USA, Princeton U., CRPP-EPFL, Association EURATOM - Conf\'{e}d\'{e}ration Suisse, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Lehigh U, Tech-X Corp, Tech-X, Univ. of California at San Diego, Paratools Inc, ANL, Texh-X Corporation, University of California, Irvine, USA, General Atomics, San Diego, USA, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Italy, RIAM, Kyushu University, University of Colorado, Boulder, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1609, CIMS, New York University, Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA, Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, University of Nevada, Reno: Nevada Terawatt Facility, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, SFA, Inc. and Auburn University, CEA Cadarache, DSM/DRFC, Saint Paul lez Durance, France, UNH, UKAEA Fusion, Culham, UK, University of Texas, Austin, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kindom, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA, Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, Swedish Defence Research Agency, Physics Department, Auburn University, 206 Allison Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36849-5311, SFA Inc., Crofton MD, US Naval Research Lab, Washington DC, William \& Mary, Dept of Physics, UCLA, Zhejiang University, MIT, PSFC, Swarthmore College, CMSO, PPPL, Princeton University, Center for Integrated Computation and Analysis of Reconnection and Turbulence (CICART), University of New Hampshire, U. of Iowa, Dipartimento di Fisica Universita di Pisa, Burning Plasma Research Group Politecnico di Torino, CEA/DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, Commissariat a l`Energie Atomique, IOQ, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena, Germany, Max-Planck-Instiut fur Quanten Optik, Garching, Germany, CLF, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, U.K., Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, U.K., Ohio Wesleyn University, Forschungszentrum Dresden, Maximilian-Ludwig University, Maximilian-Ludwig Univeristy, Forschungzentrum Dresden, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA-DIF, U. Alberta, Ohio State U., Texas Center for High Intensity Laser Science, University of Texas at Austin, Institut f\"ur Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universit\"at, D\"usseldorf, Germany, Institute for Laser and Plasmaphysics, Heinrich-Heine-University, D\"usseldorf, Germany, UA, Edmonton, Alberta, MIT, Cambridge, MA, UCSD, San Diego, CA, LLNL, Livermore, CA, OSU, Columbus, OH, UC Davis, Ohio State University, U. of California, San Diego, RAL, CEA Cadarache, ERM/KMS Brussels, Euratom/UKAEA, EPFL, University of Maryland, College Park, Aerospace and Energetics Research Program, University of Washington, USU, TechX, Center for Magnetic-Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, University of Wisconsin, Consorzio RFX and CNR, Conzorzio RFX, Physics Department and IFS, The University of Texas at Austin, Brigham Young University, Budker Inst., Utah State University, Lodestar Research Corp, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, USA, ETSII - UCLM, Campus s/n Ciudad Real, Spain, Berkeley Research Associates, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, CEA Centre DAM - Ile de France Bruyeres le Chatel F-91297 Arpajon cedex, France, Setsunan Univ., National Inst. Fusion Sci., Grad. School. Eng., Osaka Univ., Inst. Laser Eng., Osaka Univ., Univ. Politecnica Madrid, U.Washington, ORISE/ORNL, Johns Hopkins University, IPP-Greifswald, Physics Department, Auburn University, Physics Department, University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, HSX Plasma Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA, HSX Plasma Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA, University of Warwick, U.K., HSX Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA, Kyushu University, JAEA, Yamaguchi University, PSI-Center, University of Washington, PSI-Center - Univ of Washington, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, and Utah State Univ AND ICC COLLABORATORS, CCS-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, HPC-5, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Numerex, SAIC-AFRL, AFRL-Kirtland, Univ. Nevada-Reno, Univ. New Mexico, NumerEx, Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, DOE/NNSA, Berkeley Scholars, Inc., Ktech Corporation, NNSA, DOE Headquarters, Imperial College, London, UK, Observatoire de Paris, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Rice U., AWE Comm., Chinese Academy of Sciences, Marine Geosciences Division, NRL, Stennis, MS, Research Support Instruments, Inc., Lanham, MD, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, Berkeley, Princeton, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, U. St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisbon, Portugal, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, JNL Scientific, Casa Grande, AZ 85222, Kyoto University, Japan
C.K. Li**

Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ecole Normale Superieur, Universite de Provence, Marseille, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ecole Central de Lyon, Peking University, UCLA, General Atomics, Tech-X Corporation, University of California- Los Angeles, University of Iowa, UCSD, Boston College, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, CEA/DAM/Cesta, University of Tulsa, LLNL, LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, Sandia National Laboratories, University of Oxford, The Univ. of Iowa, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Nuclear Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, Institut f\"ur Physik, Universit\"at Rostock, Germany, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, M.I.T., ANSALDO Ricerche, Italy, Columbia Univeristy, Consorzio RFX, Euratom-Enea Association, Padova, Italy, ORNL, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear, IST, Portugal, SSTD, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Poland, DCTI, Instituto Superior de Ciencias do Trabalho e da Empresa, Portugal, GENAO, Chavchavadze State U, M.Nodia Inst. of Geophys., U of Wisconsin, UT Austin, IFS, EPFL CRPP, Switzerland, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Max-Planck Institute fur Plasmaphysik, National Fusion Research Institute, Berkeley Research Associates, Springfield, VA, LCP-FD, NRL, Washington, DC, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, Washington, DC, ARTEP, Inc., Ellicott City, MD, Institut de recherche d'Hydro-Quebec, Naval Research Laboratory, Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Christian-Albrechts-University zu Kiel, Physics Department, Rollins College, White Park, FL 32789, Physics Department, Auburn University, 206 Allison Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36849, U. of Texas at Austin, PPPL, Princeton, Laboratory for Laser Energetics and FSC, U. of Rochester, FAR-TECH, Inc., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Columbia University, Lehigh U., HyperV Technologies Corporation, HyperV Technologies, Hyper V Technologies, Voss Scientific, Consultant, Naval Research Laboratory, Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, CEA-DAM, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Alameda Applied Sciences Corp., San Leandro, CA, ITHPP, 46500 Thegra, France, Consultant, Philomath, OR, Centre d'Etudes de Gramat, 46500 Gramat, France, Consultant, San Diego, CA, LLE, MIT, Los Alamos National Lab, Ohio Wesleyan Univ., Univ. Nevada Reno, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550-9234, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, MA, 02139, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, 08543, Ohio Wesleyan University, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Chicago, U. Buenos Aires, University of Delaware, Space Science Center, University of New Hampshire, State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, University of New Hampshire, University of California, Berkeley, PPPL, New York University, EURATOM-UKAEA, Fusion Assocation, Culham Science Center, Abingdon, UK, CRIOTEC Impianti, Italy, ENEA, Italy, Iwamura Electric Co, Osaka, Japan, Pontocho College of Art and Science, Kyoto, Japan, LBNL, Univ. of Colorado, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, University of Kansas, University Of Kansas, Rice University, University of Wisconsin - Madison, University of California, Los Angeles, Warwick University, UK, UCI CA 92697, UCSD CA 92093, ANU, Canberra, ACT 2602 Australia, CRPP-EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, UCLA, CMPD, USC, SLAC, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, School of EEE, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Department of Physics, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratory, University of Southern California, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fus\~ao Nuclear, Instituto Superior T\'ecnico, Lisboa, Portugal, Cornell University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado and Tech-X Corp., Boulder, CO, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado, Air Force Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Calabazas Creek Research, Inc., MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, CEA-DSM, University of Texas, University of Arizona, Florida State University, Nevada Terawatt Facility, University of Nevada, Reno, IPP Garching, Nova Photonics, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton University, CMSO, PPPL, Cal State San Marcos, Princeton Univ., LANL, Wheaton College, IPP, Garching, ETH-Zurich, ETH Zurich, Max-Planck-institut fuer Plasmaphysik, UW Madison, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, University of Rochester, University of Wisconsin, Center for Magnetic-Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas, University of New Mexico, Naval Research Lab, UCLA Basic Plasma Science Facility, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, West Virginia University, Kwangwoon University, PSM INC, University of Colorado, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, Weizmann Institute of Science, National Securities Technologies, ISSI, inc., WVU, UES, inc., AFRL, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, LPGP Orsay, TU Darmstadt, UCLM Ciudar Real, IPCP Chernogolovka, MISDC of VNIIFTRI Mendeleevo, SAIC/NRL, Shandong University/Chinese Academy of Science Beijing/LULI, Osaka University, CEA, LULI Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratoire pour l Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (Ecole Polytechnique) - CEA, Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab., Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, NY, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, Geneseo, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, UC Riverside, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, University of Colorado at Boulder, Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas at Austin, U.C.S.D., France-Japan Magnetic Fusion Laboratory LIA 336 CNRS, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Center for Astrophysics and Space Science, UCSD, University of California, Irvine, Institute for Fusion Studies, National Institute for Fusion Science, EURATOM Risoe National Laboratory Denmark, Euratom-ENEA-CNR,Italy, LMD-IPSL-CNRS, Normale Sup\'erieure Paris, University of Washington, Prairie View A\&M University, University of Hyogo, Gunma Univ., Univ. of Hyogo, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, Univ. of Washington, UW-Madison, Florida A\&M Univ., UC Berkeley, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, University of Nevada Reno, NV, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, NumerEx LLC, Albuquerque, NM, SAIC, Albuquerque, NM, Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM, Haverford College, Jacobs Univ., EURATOM, Belgium, EURATOM/UKAEA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Nova Photonics, Inc, U. Texas, ORISE, NFRI, General Atomics, USA, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, USA, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, U. Toronto, University of Toronto, University of York, UK, Georgia Tech, ASIPP, IPR, EURATOM/CEA, University of California-Los Angeles, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT, University of Texas-Austin, Lehigh University, UKAEA, Columbia U., U. Tulsa, FSC \& LLE, Univ. Rochester, SAIC, PSFC, MIT, NCRN, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, FSC, U. of Rochester, LLE, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, Imperial College, FOCUS Center, CUOS, U. of M., Rice Uni., University of Maryland, Princeton Plasma Physics laboratory (PPPL), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, U.K., P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow, Russia, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France, CEA-DIF, Arpajon, France, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, UCLA and LLNL, AWE Aldermaston, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, CEA/DIF, Bruyeres le Chatel - 91297 Arpajon Cedex, AWE, GA, MIT-PSFC, MIT PSFC, ITER Organization, NFRC, Korea, U C Davis, FRC-UTA, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Icarus Research Inc., Berkeley Research Inc., CEA Saclay - France, LULI - France, Hebrew Univ., Dept. of Physics, Ntl. Central Univ., Jhongli, Taiwan, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological Univ., Singapore, Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, LULI, Duke University, GWU, Argonne National Laboratory, The George Washington University, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, George Washington University, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea, SaTReC Initiative, Daejeon, Korea, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Institute of Space, Astrophysical and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Auburn University, Kyushu Univ., Tohoku Univ., SPbSU, UES/WVU, Institute of Physics Belgrade, Max Planck Institute of Extraterrestrial Physics, University of Liverpool, Max-Planck-Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany, Florida A\&M University, Florida A\&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Assoc. \& Imperial College, EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Assoc., The University of Manchester, U. Wisc.-Madison, UC-Irvine, U. Texas-Austin, Consorzio RFX, FZ-Juelich, U. Wisc., IPP, NYU, MPI, FZJ, IPP-Garching, U. Col.-Boulder, Hiroshima U., PPPL, and the NSTX Team., U. of Colorado, Lodestar Research Corporation, Czech Institute of Plasma Physics, CompX, UC Irvine, U. of Tulsa, UCI, UW, Purdue University, SNL, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, Consorzio RFX, Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla Fusione, Padova, Italy, Consorzio RFX, Associazione EURATOM-ENEA sulla fusione, C.so Stati Uniti 4 35127, Padova, Italy, Consorzio RFX, Euratom-ENEA Association, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova - Italy, UW - Madison, UW- Madison, Wheaton College, CMSO, MST, UW-Madison and CMSO, University of Wisconsin, Madison, RFX, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisboa, Portugal, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, SFA Inc., Ohio Northern University, LLE, UR, NY, NSTec STL, CA, AWE, UK, LANL, NM, UNR, RSI, SFA, ARTEP, NRL, Polymath Research, Lodestar, LULI, CNRS UMR 7605, Univ. Pierre et Marie Curie, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, CEA-DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France, Centre de Physique Theorique, CNRS UMR 7644, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, Max-Planck-Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Assoziation, University of California San Diego, URN, Ohio Westleyn University, University Nevada Reno, ILE, Osaka Univ., Japan, Grad. school of Eng., Osaka Univ., Japan, Heinrich Heine Univ., Germany, LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, France, School of Math. and Phy., The Queen`s Univ. of Belfast, UK, VNIIFTRI, Moscow Region, Russia, Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, P.N. Lebedev Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow, Russia, Central Laser Facility, STFC, Chilton, Didcot, UK, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, National Key Laboratory of Laser Fusion, Reseach Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, INRS-EMT, Varennes, QC, Canada, LLE, University of Rochester, Department of Physics, MIT, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, UCSD, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Michigan Univ., USA, UCSD, USA, NIFS, Japan, Columbia Universoty, LANL, USA, NFRI, Korea, POSTECH, Korea, Columbia University, USA, RF Sci DAC, Xenogen, Culham Science Centre, UCB, PPL, Culham Sci. Centre, EURATOM CEA, GA Tech, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Wittenberg Univ., RPI, Seoul National University, Laboratory for Laser energetics, Wheaton College, NUF, PPPL, PPPL, Princeton University, University Kiel, LAM Research Corporation, Kentech Instruments, KAERI, Lawrence University, Hampton University, St. Peters College, Department of Energy, Washington, DC 20585 USA, Sandia National Laboratories, NM 87123 USA, JNL Scientific, Casa Grande, AZ 85222 USA, University of Nevada at Reno, NV 89557, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, National Nuclear Security Administration, Imperial College London, Sandia National Labs, CLF, RAL, Paris Observatoire, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185-1193, USA, Max Planck Inst. Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilian Univ. Munich, Los Alamos National Lab., LOA, Ecole Polytechnique, France, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, UK, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London SW7 2AZ, UK, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, National Fusion Research Insititute, IPP-Garching, Euratom Assoc., Germany, Italy, Politecnico Torino, Italy, Ignitor-Piacenza, Italy, Politecnico di Torino, Italy, Edison, Milan (Italy), Columbus, Genoa (Italy), SALENTEC, Lecce, Italy, Universit\`a di Lecce, Italy, Institute for High Current Electronics, CREATE, Italy, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Univ. Tokyo, Nihon Univ., Royal Military Academy, Brussels, Belgium, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, University of Texas at Austin, Fusion Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, AIST, Japan, MIT-PSFC, Massachusetts, USA, PPPL, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, Nova Photonics, New Jersey, USA, Princeton U., CRPP-EPFL, Association EURATOM - Conf\'{e}d\'{e}ration Suisse, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Lehigh U, Tech-X Corp, Tech-X, Univ. of California at San Diego, Paratools Inc, ANL, Texh-X Corporation, University of California, Irvine, USA, General Atomics, San Diego, USA, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Italy, RIAM, Kyushu University, University of Colorado, Boulder, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1609, CIMS, New York University, Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA, Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, University of Nevada, Reno: Nevada Terawatt Facility, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, SFA, Inc. and Auburn University, CEA Cadarache, DSM/DRFC, Saint Paul lez Durance, France, UNH, UKAEA Fusion, Culham, UK, University of Texas, Austin, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kindom, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA, Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, Swedish Defence Research Agency, Physics Department, Auburn University, 206 Allison Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36849-5311, SFA Inc., Crofton MD, US Naval Research Lab, Washington DC, William \& Mary, Dept of Physics, UCLA, Zhejiang University, MIT, PSFC, Swarthmore College, CMSO, PPPL, Princeton University, Center for Integrated Computation and Analysis of Reconnection and Turbulence (CICART), University of New Hampshire, U. of Iowa, Dipartimento di Fisica Universita di Pisa, Burning Plasma Research Group Politecnico di Torino, CEA/DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, Commissariat a l`Energie Atomique, IOQ, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena, Germany, Max-Planck-Instiut fur Quanten Optik, Garching, Germany, CLF, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, U.K., Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, U.K., Ohio Wesleyn University, Forschungszentrum Dresden, Maximilian-Ludwig University, Maximilian-Ludwig Univeristy, Forschungzentrum Dresden, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA-DIF, U. Alberta, Ohio State U., Texas Center for High Intensity Laser Science, University of Texas at Austin, Institut f\"ur Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universit\"at, D\"usseldorf, Germany, Institute for Laser and Plasmaphysics, Heinrich-Heine-University, D\"usseldorf, Germany, UA, Edmonton, Alberta, MIT, Cambridge, MA, UCSD, San Diego, CA, LLNL, Livermore, CA, OSU, Columbus, OH, UC Davis, Ohio State University, U. of California, San Diego, RAL, CEA Cadarache, ERM/KMS Brussels, Euratom/UKAEA, EPFL, University of Maryland, College Park, Aerospace and Energetics Research Program, University of Washington, USU, TechX, Center for Magnetic-Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, University of Wisconsin, Consorzio RFX and CNR, Conzorzio RFX, Physics Department and IFS, The University of Texas at Austin, Brigham Young University, Budker Inst., Utah State University, Lodestar Research Corp, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, USA, ETSII - UCLM, Campus s/n Ciudad Real, Spain, Berkeley Research Associates, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, CEA Centre DAM - Ile de France Bruyeres le Chatel F-91297 Arpajon cedex, France, Setsunan Univ., National Inst. Fusion Sci., Grad. School. Eng., Osaka Univ., Inst. Laser Eng., Osaka Univ., Univ. Politecnica Madrid, U.Washington, ORISE/ORNL, Johns Hopkins University, IPP-Greifswald, Physics Department, Auburn University, Physics Department, University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, HSX Plasma Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA, HSX Plasma Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA, University of Warwick, U.K., HSX Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA, Kyushu University, JAEA, Yamaguchi University, PSI-Center, University of Washington, PSI-Center - Univ of Washington, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, and Utah State Univ AND ICC COLLABORATORS, CCS-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, HPC-5, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Numerex, SAIC-AFRL, AFRL-Kirtland, Univ. Nevada-Reno, Univ. New Mexico, NumerEx, Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, DOE/NNSA, Berkeley Scholars, Inc., Ktech Corporation, NNSA, DOE Headquarters, Imperial College, London, UK, Observatoire de Paris, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Rice U., AWE Comm., Chinese Academy of Sciences, Marine Geosciences Division, NRL, Stennis, MS, Research Support Instruments, Inc., Lanham, MD, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, Berkeley, Princeton, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, U. St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisbon, Portugal, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, JNL Scientific, Casa Grande, AZ 85222, Kyoto University, Japan
C.K. Li**

Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ecole Normale Superieur, Universite de Provence, Marseille, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ecole Central de Lyon, Peking University, UCLA, General Atomics, Tech-X Corporation, University of California- Los Angeles, University of Iowa, UCSD, Boston College, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, CEA/DAM/Cesta, University of Tulsa, LLNL, LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, Sandia National Laboratories, University of Oxford, The Univ. of Iowa, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Nuclear Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, Institut f\"ur Physik, Universit\"at Rostock, Germany, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, M.I.T., ANSALDO Ricerche, Italy, Columbia Univeristy, Consorzio RFX, Euratom-Enea Association, Padova, Italy, ORNL, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear, IST, Portugal, SSTD, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Poland, DCTI, Instituto Superior de Ciencias do Trabalho e da Empresa, Portugal, GENAO, Chavchavadze State U, M.Nodia Inst. of Geophys., U of Wisconsin, UT Austin, IFS, EPFL CRPP, Switzerland, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Max-Planck Institute fur Plasmaphysik, National Fusion Research Institute, Berkeley Research Associates, Springfield, VA, LCP-FD, NRL, Washington, DC, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, Washington, DC, ARTEP, Inc., Ellicott City, MD, Institut de recherche d'Hydro-Quebec, Naval Research Laboratory, Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Christian-Albrechts-University zu Kiel, Physics Department, Rollins College, White Park, FL 32789, Physics Department, Auburn University, 206 Allison Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36849, U. of Texas at Austin, PPPL, Princeton, Laboratory for Laser Energetics and FSC, U. of Rochester, FAR-TECH, Inc., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Columbia University, Lehigh U., HyperV Technologies Corporation, HyperV Technologies, Hyper V Technologies, Voss Scientific, Consultant, Naval Research Laboratory, Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, CEA-DAM, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Alameda Applied Sciences Corp., San Leandro, CA, ITHPP, 46500 Thegra, France, Consultant, Philomath, OR, Centre d'Etudes de Gramat, 46500 Gramat, France, Consultant, San Diego, CA, LLE, MIT, Los Alamos National Lab, Ohio Wesleyan Univ., Univ. Nevada Reno, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550-9234, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, MA, 02139, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, 08543, Ohio Wesleyan University, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Chicago, U. Buenos Aires, University of Delaware, Space Science Center, University of New Hampshire, State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, University of New Hampshire, University of California, Berkeley, PPPL, New York University, EURATOM-UKAEA, Fusion Assocation, Culham Science Center, Abingdon, UK, CRIOTEC Impianti, Italy, ENEA, Italy, Iwamura Electric Co, Osaka, Japan, Pontocho College of Art and Science, Kyoto, Japan, LBNL, Univ. of Colorado, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, University of Kansas, University Of Kansas, Rice University, University of Wisconsin - Madison, University of California, Los Angeles, Warwick University, UK, UCI CA 92697, UCSD CA 92093, ANU, Canberra, ACT 2602 Australia, CRPP-EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, UCLA, CMPD, USC, SLAC, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, School of EEE, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Department of Physics, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratory, University of Southern California, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fus\~ao Nuclear, Instituto Superior T\'ecnico, Lisboa, Portugal, Cornell University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado and Tech-X Corp., Boulder, CO, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado, Air Force Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Calabazas Creek Research, Inc., MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, CEA-DSM, University of Texas, University of Arizona, Florida State University, Nevada Terawatt Facility, University of Nevada, Reno, IPP Garching, Nova Photonics, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton University, CMSO, PPPL, Cal State San Marcos, Princeton Univ., LANL, Wheaton College, IPP, Garching, ETH-Zurich, ETH Zurich, Max-Planck-institut fuer Plasmaphysik, UW Madison, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, University of Rochester, University of Wisconsin, Center for Magnetic-Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas, University of New Mexico, Naval Research Lab, UCLA Basic Plasma Science Facility, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, West Virginia University, Kwangwoon University, PSM INC, University of Colorado, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, Weizmann Institute of Science, National Securities Technologies, ISSI, inc., WVU, UES, inc., AFRL, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, LPGP Orsay, TU Darmstadt, UCLM Ciudar Real, IPCP Chernogolovka, MISDC of VNIIFTRI Mendeleevo, SAIC/NRL, Shandong University/Chinese Academy of Science Beijing/LULI, Osaka University, CEA, LULI Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratoire pour l Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (Ecole Polytechnique) - CEA, Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab., Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, NY, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, Geneseo, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, UC Riverside, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, University of Colorado at Boulder, Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas at Austin, U.C.S.D., France-Japan Magnetic Fusion Laboratory LIA 336 CNRS, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Center for Astrophysics and Space Science, UCSD, University of California, Irvine, Institute for Fusion Studies, National Institute for Fusion Science, EURATOM Risoe National Laboratory Denmark, Euratom-ENEA-CNR,Italy, LMD-IPSL-CNRS, Normale Sup\'erieure Paris, University of Washington, Prairie View A\&M University, University of Hyogo, Gunma Univ., Univ. of Hyogo, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, Univ. of Washington, UW-Madison, Florida A\&M Univ., UC Berkeley, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, University of Nevada Reno, NV, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, NumerEx LLC, Albuquerque, NM, SAIC, Albuquerque, NM, Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM, Haverford College, Jacobs Univ., EURATOM, Belgium, EURATOM/UKAEA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Nova Photonics, Inc, U. Texas, ORISE, NFRI, General Atomics, USA, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, USA, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, U. Toronto, University of Toronto, University of York, UK, Georgia Tech, ASIPP, IPR, EURATOM/CEA, University of California-Los Angeles, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT, University of Texas-Austin, Lehigh University, UKAEA, Columbia U., U. Tulsa, FSC \& LLE, Univ. Rochester, SAIC, PSFC, MIT, NCRN, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, FSC, U. of Rochester, LLE, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, Imperial College, FOCUS Center, CUOS, U. of M., Rice Uni., University of Maryland, Princeton Plasma Physics laboratory (PPPL), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, U.K., P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow, Russia, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France, CEA-DIF, Arpajon, France, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, UCLA and LLNL, AWE Aldermaston, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, CEA/DIF, Bruyeres le Chatel - 91297 Arpajon Cedex, AWE, GA, MIT-PSFC, MIT PSFC, ITER Organization, NFRC, Korea, U C Davis, FRC-UTA, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Icarus Research Inc., Berkeley Research Inc., CEA Saclay - France, LULI - France, Hebrew Univ., Dept. of Physics, Ntl. Central Univ., Jhongli, Taiwan, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological Univ., Singapore, Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, LULI, Duke University, GWU, Argonne National Laboratory, The George Washington University, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, George Washington University, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea, SaTReC Initiative, Daejeon, Korea, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Institute of Space, Astrophysical and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Auburn University, Kyushu Univ., Tohoku Univ., SPbSU, UES/WVU, Institute of Physics Belgrade, Max Planck Institute of Extraterrestrial Physics, University of Liverpool, Max-Planck-Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany, Florida A\&M University, Florida A\&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Assoc. \& Imperial College, EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Assoc., The University of Manchester, U. Wisc.-Madison, UC-Irvine, U. Texas-Austin, Consorzio RFX, FZ-Juelich, U. Wisc., IPP, NYU, MPI, FZJ, IPP-Garching, U. Col.-Boulder, Hiroshima U., PPPL, and the NSTX Team., U. of Colorado, Lodestar Research Corporation, Czech Institute of Plasma Physics, CompX, UC Irvine, U. of Tulsa, UCI, UW, Purdue University, SNL, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, Consorzio RFX, Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla Fusione, Padova, Italy, Consorzio RFX, Associazione EURATOM-ENEA sulla fusione, C.so Stati Uniti 4 35127, Padova, Italy, Consorzio RFX, Euratom-ENEA Association, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova - Italy, UW - Madison, UW- Madison, Wheaton College, CMSO, MST, UW-Madison and CMSO, University of Wisconsin, Madison, RFX, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisboa, Portugal, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, SFA Inc., Ohio Northern University, LLE, UR, NY, NSTec STL, CA, AWE, UK, LANL, NM, UNR, RSI, SFA, ARTEP, NRL, Polymath Research, Lodestar, LULI, CNRS UMR 7605, Univ. Pierre et Marie Curie, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, CEA-DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France, Centre de Physique Theorique, CNRS UMR 7644, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, Max-Planck-Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Assoziation, University of California San Diego, URN, Ohio Westleyn University, University Nevada Reno, ILE, Osaka Univ., Japan, Grad. school of Eng., Osaka Univ., Japan, Heinrich Heine Univ., Germany, LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, France, School of Math. and Phy., The Queen`s Univ. of Belfast, UK, VNIIFTRI, Moscow Region, Russia, Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, P.N. Lebedev Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow, Russia, Central Laser Facility, STFC, Chilton, Didcot, UK, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, National Key Laboratory of Laser Fusion, Reseach Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, INRS-EMT, Varennes, QC, Canada, LLE, University of Rochester, Department of Physics, MIT, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, UCSD, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Michigan Univ., USA, UCSD, USA, NIFS, Japan, Columbia Universoty, LANL, USA, NFRI, Korea, POSTECH, Korea, Columbia University, USA, RF Sci DAC, Xenogen, Culham Science Centre, UCB, PPL, Culham Sci. Centre, EURATOM CEA, GA Tech, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Wittenberg Univ., RPI, Seoul National University, Laboratory for Laser energetics, Wheaton College, NUF, PPPL, PPPL, Princeton University, University Kiel, LAM Research Corporation, Kentech Instruments, KAERI, Lawrence University, Hampton University, St. Peters College, Department of Energy, Washington, DC 20585 USA, Sandia National Laboratories, NM 87123 USA, JNL Scientific, Casa Grande, AZ 85222 USA, University of Nevada at Reno, NV 89557, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, National Nuclear Security Administration, Imperial College London, Sandia National Labs, CLF, RAL, Paris Observatoire, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185-1193, USA, Max Planck Inst. Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilian Univ. Munich, Los Alamos National Lab., LOA, Ecole Polytechnique, France, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, UK, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London SW7 2AZ, UK, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, National Fusion Research Insititute, IPP-Garching, Euratom Assoc., Germany, Italy, Politecnico Torino, Italy, Ignitor-Piacenza, Italy, Politecnico di Torino, Italy, Edison, Milan (Italy), Columbus, Genoa (Italy), SALENTEC, Lecce, Italy, Universit\`a di Lecce, Italy, Institute for High Current Electronics, CREATE, Italy, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Univ. Tokyo, Nihon Univ., Royal Military Academy, Brussels, Belgium, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, University of Texas at Austin, Fusion Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, AIST, Japan, MIT-PSFC, Massachusetts, USA, PPPL, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, Nova Photonics, New Jersey, USA, Princeton U., CRPP-EPFL, Association EURATOM - Conf\'{e}d\'{e}ration Suisse, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Lehigh U, Tech-X Corp, Tech-X, Univ. of California at San Diego, Paratools Inc, ANL, Texh-X Corporation, University of California, Irvine, USA, General Atomics, San Diego, USA, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Italy, RIAM, Kyushu University, University of Colorado, Boulder, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1609, CIMS, New York University, Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA, Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, University of Nevada, Reno: Nevada Terawatt Facility, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, SFA, Inc. and Auburn University, CEA Cadarache, DSM/DRFC, Saint Paul lez Durance, France, UNH, UKAEA Fusion, Culham, UK, University of Texas, Austin, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kindom, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA, Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, Swedish Defence Research Agency, Physics Department, Auburn University, 206 Allison Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36849-5311, SFA Inc., Crofton MD, US Naval Research Lab, Washington DC, William \& Mary, Dept of Physics, UCLA, Zhejiang University, MIT, PSFC, Swarthmore College, CMSO, PPPL, Princeton University, Center for Integrated Computation and Analysis of Reconnection and Turbulence (CICART), University of New Hampshire, U. of Iowa, Dipartimento di Fisica Universita di Pisa, Burning Plasma Research Group Politecnico di Torino, CEA/DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, Commissariat a l`Energie Atomique, IOQ, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena, Germany, Max-Planck-Instiut fur Quanten Optik, Garching, Germany, CLF, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, U.K., Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, U.K., Ohio Wesleyn University, Forschungszentrum Dresden, Maximilian-Ludwig University, Maximilian-Ludwig Univeristy, Forschungzentrum Dresden, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA-DIF, U. Alberta, Ohio State U., Texas Center for High Intensity Laser Science, University of Texas at Austin, Institut f\"ur Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universit\"at, D\"usseldorf, Germany, Institute for Laser and Plasmaphysics, Heinrich-Heine-University, D\"usseldorf, Germany, UA, Edmonton, Alberta, MIT, Cambridge, MA, UCSD, San Diego, CA, LLNL, Livermore, CA, OSU, Columbus, OH, UC Davis, Ohio State University, U. of California, San Diego, RAL, CEA Cadarache, ERM/KMS Brussels, Euratom/UKAEA, EPFL, University of Maryland, College Park, Aerospace and Energetics Research Program, University of Washington, USU, TechX, Center for Magnetic-Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, University of Wisconsin, Consorzio RFX and CNR, Conzorzio RFX, Physics Department and IFS, The University of Texas at Austin, Brigham Young University, Budker Inst., Utah State University, Lodestar Research Corp, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, USA, ETSII - UCLM, Campus s/n Ciudad Real, Spain, Berkeley Research Associates, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, CEA Centre DAM - Ile de France Bruyeres le Chatel F-91297 Arpajon cedex, France, Setsunan Univ., National Inst. Fusion Sci., Grad. School. Eng., Osaka Univ., Inst. Laser Eng., Osaka Univ., Univ. Politecnica Madrid, U.Washington, ORISE/ORNL, Johns Hopkins University, IPP-Greifswald, Physics Department, Auburn University, Physics Department, University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, HSX Plasma Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA, HSX Plasma Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA, University of Warwick, U.K., HSX Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA, Kyushu University, JAEA, Yamaguchi University, PSI-Center, University of Washington, PSI-Center - Univ of Washington, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, and Utah State Univ AND ICC COLLABORATORS, CCS-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, HPC-5, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Numerex, SAIC-AFRL, AFRL-Kirtland, Univ. Nevada-Reno, Univ. New Mexico, NumerEx, Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, DOE/NNSA, Berkeley Scholars, Inc., Ktech Corporation, NNSA, DOE Headquarters, Imperial College, London, UK, Observatoire de Paris, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Rice U., AWE Comm., Chinese Academy of Sciences, Marine Geosciences Division, NRL, Stennis, MS, Research Support Instruments, Inc., Lanham, MD, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, Berkeley, Princeton, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, U. St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisbon, Portugal, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, JNL Scientific, Casa Grande, AZ 85222, Kyoto University, Japan
C.K. Li**

Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ecole Normale Superieur, Universite de Provence, Marseille, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ecole Central de Lyon, Peking University, UCLA, General Atomics, Tech-X Corporation, University of California- Los Angeles, University of Iowa, UCSD, Boston College, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, CEA/DAM/Cesta, University of Tulsa, LLNL, LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, Sandia National Laboratories, University of Oxford, The Univ. of Iowa, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Nuclear Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, Institut f\"ur Physik, Universit\"at Rostock, Germany, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, M.I.T., ANSALDO Ricerche, Italy, Columbia Univeristy, Consorzio RFX, Euratom-Enea Association, Padova, Italy, ORNL, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear, IST, Portugal, SSTD, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Poland, DCTI, Instituto Superior de Ciencias do Trabalho e da Empresa, Portugal, GENAO, Chavchavadze State U, M.Nodia Inst. of Geophys., U of Wisconsin, UT Austin, IFS, EPFL CRPP, Switzerland, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Max-Planck Institute fur Plasmaphysik, National Fusion Research Institute, Berkeley Research Associates, Springfield, VA, LCP-FD, NRL, Washington, DC, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, Washington, DC, ARTEP, Inc., Ellicott City, MD, Institut de recherche d'Hydro-Quebec, Naval Research Laboratory, Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Christian-Albrechts-University zu Kiel, Physics Department, Rollins College, White Park, FL 32789, Physics Department, Auburn University, 206 Allison Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36849, U. of Texas at Austin, PPPL, Princeton, Laboratory for Laser Energetics and FSC, U. of Rochester, FAR-TECH, Inc., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Columbia University, Lehigh U., HyperV Technologies Corporation, HyperV Technologies, Hyper V Technologies, Voss Scientific, Consultant, Naval Research Laboratory, Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, CEA-DAM, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Alameda Applied Sciences Corp., San Leandro, CA, ITHPP, 46500 Thegra, France, Consultant, Philomath, OR, Centre d'Etudes de Gramat, 46500 Gramat, France, Consultant, San Diego, CA, LLE, MIT, Los Alamos National Lab, Ohio Wesleyan Univ., Univ. Nevada Reno, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550-9234, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, MA, 02139, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, 08543, Ohio Wesleyan University, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Chicago, U. Buenos Aires, University of Delaware, Space Science Center, University of New Hampshire, State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, University of New Hampshire, University of California, Berkeley, PPPL, New York University, EURATOM-UKAEA, Fusion Assocation, Culham Science Center, Abingdon, UK, CRIOTEC Impianti, Italy, ENEA, Italy, Iwamura Electric Co, Osaka, Japan, Pontocho College of Art and Science, Kyoto, Japan, LBNL, Univ. of Colorado, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, University of Kansas, University Of Kansas, Rice University, University of Wisconsin - Madison, University of California, Los Angeles, Warwick University, UK, UCI CA 92697, UCSD CA 92093, ANU, Canberra, ACT 2602 Australia, CRPP-EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, UCLA, CMPD, USC, SLAC, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, School of EEE, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Department of Physics, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratory, University of Southern California, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fus\~ao Nuclear, Instituto Superior T\'ecnico, Lisboa, Portugal, Cornell University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado and Tech-X Corp., Boulder, CO, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado, Air Force Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Calabazas Creek Research, Inc., MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, CEA-DSM, University of Texas, University of Arizona, Florida State University, Nevada Terawatt Facility, University of Nevada, Reno, IPP Garching, Nova Photonics, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton University, CMSO, PPPL, Cal State San Marcos, Princeton Univ., LANL, Wheaton College, IPP, Garching, ETH-Zurich, ETH Zurich, Max-Planck-institut fuer Plasmaphysik, UW Madison, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, University of Rochester, University of Wisconsin, Center for Magnetic-Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas, University of New Mexico, Naval Research Lab, UCLA Basic Plasma Science Facility, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, West Virginia University, Kwangwoon University, PSM INC, University of Colorado, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, Weizmann Institute of Science, National Securities Technologies, ISSI, inc., WVU, UES, inc., AFRL, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, LPGP Orsay, TU Darmstadt, UCLM Ciudar Real, IPCP Chernogolovka, MISDC of VNIIFTRI Mendeleevo, SAIC/NRL, Shandong University/Chinese Academy of Science Beijing/LULI, Osaka University, CEA, LULI Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratoire pour l Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (Ecole Polytechnique) - CEA, Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab., Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, NY, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, Geneseo, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, UC Riverside, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, University of Colorado at Boulder, Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas at Austin, U.C.S.D., France-Japan Magnetic Fusion Laboratory LIA 336 CNRS, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Center for Astrophysics and Space Science, UCSD, University of California, Irvine, Institute for Fusion Studies, National Institute for Fusion Science, EURATOM Risoe National Laboratory Denmark, Euratom-ENEA-CNR,Italy, LMD-IPSL-CNRS, Normale Sup\'erieure Paris, University of Washington, Prairie View A\&M University, University of Hyogo, Gunma Univ., Univ. of Hyogo, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, Univ. of Washington, UW-Madison, Florida A\&M Univ., UC Berkeley, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, University of Nevada Reno, NV, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, NumerEx LLC, Albuquerque, NM, SAIC, Albuquerque, NM, Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM, Haverford College, Jacobs Univ., EURATOM, Belgium, EURATOM/UKAEA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Nova Photonics, Inc, U. Texas, ORISE, NFRI, General Atomics, USA, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, USA, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, U. Toronto, University of Toronto, University of York, UK, Georgia Tech, ASIPP, IPR, EURATOM/CEA, University of California-Los Angeles, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT, University of Texas-Austin, Lehigh University, UKAEA, Columbia U., U. Tulsa, FSC \& LLE, Univ. Rochester, SAIC, PSFC, MIT, NCRN, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, FSC, U. of Rochester, LLE, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, Imperial College, FOCUS Center, CUOS, U. of M., Rice Uni., University of Maryland, Princeton Plasma Physics laboratory (PPPL), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, U.K., P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow, Russia, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France, CEA-DIF, Arpajon, France, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, UCLA and LLNL, AWE Aldermaston, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, CEA/DIF, Bruyeres le Chatel - 91297 Arpajon Cedex, AWE, GA, MIT-PSFC, MIT PSFC, ITER Organization, NFRC, Korea, U C Davis, FRC-UTA, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Icarus Research Inc., Berkeley Research Inc., CEA Saclay - France, LULI - France, Hebrew Univ., Dept. of Physics, Ntl. Central Univ., Jhongli, Taiwan, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological Univ., Singapore, Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, LULI, Duke University, GWU, Argonne National Laboratory, The George Washington University, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, George Washington University, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea, SaTReC Initiative, Daejeon, Korea, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Institute of Space, Astrophysical and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Auburn University, Kyushu Univ., Tohoku Univ., SPbSU, UES/WVU, Institute of Physics Belgrade, Max Planck Institute of Extraterrestrial Physics, University of Liverpool, Max-Planck-Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany, Florida A\&M University, Florida A\&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Assoc. \& Imperial College, EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Assoc., The University of Manchester, U. Wisc.-Madison, UC-Irvine, U. Texas-Austin, Consorzio RFX, FZ-Juelich, U. Wisc., IPP, NYU, MPI, FZJ, IPP-Garching, U. Col.-Boulder, Hiroshima U., PPPL, and the NSTX Team., U. of Colorado, Lodestar Research Corporation, Czech Institute of Plasma Physics, CompX, UC Irvine, U. of Tulsa, UCI, UW, Purdue University, SNL, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, Consorzio RFX, Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla Fusione, Padova, Italy, Consorzio RFX, Associazione EURATOM-ENEA sulla fusione, C.so Stati Uniti 4 35127, Padova, Italy, Consorzio RFX, Euratom-ENEA Association, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova - Italy, UW - Madison, UW- Madison, Wheaton College, CMSO, MST, UW-Madison and CMSO, University of Wisconsin, Madison, RFX, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisboa, Portugal, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, SFA Inc., Ohio Northern University, LLE, UR, NY, NSTec STL, CA, AWE, UK, LANL, NM, UNR, RSI, SFA, ARTEP, NRL, Polymath Research, Lodestar, LULI, CNRS UMR 7605, Univ. Pierre et Marie Curie, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, CEA-DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France, Centre de Physique Theorique, CNRS UMR 7644, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, Max-Planck-Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Assoziation, University of California San Diego, URN, Ohio Westleyn University, University Nevada Reno, ILE, Osaka Univ., Japan, Grad. school of Eng., Osaka Univ., Japan, Heinrich Heine Univ., Germany, LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, France, School of Math. and Phy., The Queen`s Univ. of Belfast, UK, VNIIFTRI, Moscow Region, Russia, Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, P.N. Lebedev Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow, Russia, Central Laser Facility, STFC, Chilton, Didcot, UK, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, National Key Laboratory of Laser Fusion, Reseach Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, INRS-EMT, Varennes, QC, Canada, LLE, University of Rochester, Department of Physics, MIT, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, UCSD, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Michigan Univ., USA, UCSD, USA, NIFS, Japan, Columbia Universoty, LANL, USA, NFRI, Korea, POSTECH, Korea, Columbia University, USA, RF Sci DAC, Xenogen, Culham Science Centre, UCB, PPL, Culham Sci. Centre, EURATOM CEA, GA Tech, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Wittenberg Univ., RPI, Seoul National University, Laboratory for Laser energetics, Wheaton College, NUF, PPPL, PPPL, Princeton University, University Kiel, LAM Research Corporation, Kentech Instruments, KAERI, Lawrence University, Hampton University, St. Peters College, Department of Energy, Washington, DC 20585 USA, Sandia National Laboratories, NM 87123 USA, JNL Scientific, Casa Grande, AZ 85222 USA, University of Nevada at Reno, NV 89557, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, National Nuclear Security Administration, Imperial College London, Sandia National Labs, CLF, RAL, Paris Observatoire, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185-1193, USA, Max Planck Inst. Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilian Univ. Munich, Los Alamos National Lab., LOA, Ecole Polytechnique, France, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, UK, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London SW7 2AZ, UK, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, National Fusion Research Insititute, IPP-Garching, Euratom Assoc., Germany, Italy, Politecnico Torino, Italy, Ignitor-Piacenza, Italy, Politecnico di Torino, Italy, Edison, Milan (Italy), Columbus, Genoa (Italy), SALENTEC, Lecce, Italy, Universit\`a di Lecce, Italy, Institute for High Current Electronics, CREATE, Italy, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Univ. Tokyo, Nihon Univ., Royal Military Academy, Brussels, Belgium, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, University of Texas at Austin, Fusion Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, AIST, Japan, MIT-PSFC, Massachusetts, USA, PPPL, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, Nova Photonics, New Jersey, USA, Princeton U., CRPP-EPFL, Association EURATOM - Conf\'{e}d\'{e}ration Suisse, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Lehigh U, Tech-X Corp, Tech-X, Univ. of California at San Diego, Paratools Inc, ANL, Texh-X Corporation, University of California, Irvine, USA, General Atomics, San Diego, USA, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Italy, RIAM, Kyushu University, University of Colorado, Boulder, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1609, CIMS, New York University, Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA, Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, University of Nevada, Reno: Nevada Terawatt Facility, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, SFA, Inc. and Auburn University, CEA Cadarache, DSM/DRFC, Saint Paul lez Durance, France, UNH, UKAEA Fusion, Culham, UK, University of Texas, Austin, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kindom, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA, Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, Swedish Defence Research Agency, Physics Department, Auburn University, 206 Allison Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36849-5311, SFA Inc., Crofton MD, US Naval Research Lab, Washington DC, William \& Mary, Dept of Physics, UCLA, Zhejiang University, MIT, PSFC, Swarthmore College, CMSO, PPPL, Princeton University, Center for Integrated Computation and Analysis of Reconnection and Turbulence (CICART), University of New Hampshire, U. of Iowa, Dipartimento di Fisica Universita di Pisa, Burning Plasma Research Group Politecnico di Torino, CEA/DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, Commissariat a l`Energie Atomique, IOQ, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena, Germany, Max-Planck-Instiut fur Quanten Optik, Garching, Germany, CLF, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, U.K., Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, U.K., Ohio Wesleyn University, Forschungszentrum Dresden, Maximilian-Ludwig University, Maximilian-Ludwig Univeristy, Forschungzentrum Dresden, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA-DIF, U. Alberta, Ohio State U., Texas Center for High Intensity Laser Science, University of Texas at Austin, Institut f\"ur Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universit\"at, D\"usseldorf, Germany, Institute for Laser and Plasmaphysics, Heinrich-Heine-University, D\"usseldorf, Germany, UA, Edmonton, Alberta, MIT, Cambridge, MA, UCSD, San Diego, CA, LLNL, Livermore, CA, OSU, Columbus, OH, UC Davis, Ohio State University, U. of California, San Diego, RAL, CEA Cadarache, ERM/KMS Brussels, Euratom/UKAEA, EPFL, University of Maryland, College Park, Aerospace and Energetics Research Program, University of Washington, USU, TechX, Center for Magnetic-Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, University of Wisconsin, Consorzio RFX and CNR, Conzorzio RFX, Physics Department and IFS, The University of Texas at Austin, Brigham Young University, Budker Inst., Utah State University, Lodestar Research Corp, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, USA, ETSII - UCLM, Campus s/n Ciudad Real, Spain, Berkeley Research Associates, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, CEA Centre DAM - Ile de France Bruyeres le Chatel F-91297 Arpajon cedex, France, Setsunan Univ., National Inst. Fusion Sci., Grad. School. Eng., Osaka Univ., Inst. Laser Eng., Osaka Univ., Univ. Politecnica Madrid, U.Washington, ORISE/ORNL, Johns Hopkins University, IPP-Greifswald, Physics Department, Auburn University, Physics Department, University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, HSX Plasma Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA, HSX Plasma Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA, University of Warwick, U.K., HSX Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA, Kyushu University, JAEA, Yamaguchi University, PSI-Center, University of Washington, PSI-Center - Univ of Washington, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, and Utah State Univ AND ICC COLLABORATORS, CCS-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, HPC-5, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Numerex, SAIC-AFRL, AFRL-Kirtland, Univ. Nevada-Reno, Univ. New Mexico, NumerEx, Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, DOE/NNSA, Berkeley Scholars, Inc., Ktech Corporation, NNSA, DOE Headquarters, Imperial College, London, UK, Observatoire de Paris, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Rice U., AWE Comm., Chinese Academy of Sciences, Marine Geosciences Division, NRL, Stennis, MS, Research Support Instruments, Inc., Lanham, MD, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, Berkeley, Princeton, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, U. St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisbon, Portugal, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, JNL Scientific, Casa Grande, AZ 85222, Kyoto University, Japan
C.K. Li**

Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ecole Normale Superieur, Universite de Provence, Marseille, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ecole Central de Lyon, Peking University, UCLA, General Atomics, Tech-X Corporation, University of California- Los Angeles, University of Iowa, UCSD, Boston College, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, CEA/DAM/Cesta, University of Tulsa, LLNL, LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, Sandia National Laboratories, University of Oxford, The Univ. of Iowa, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Nuclear Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, Institut f\"ur Physik, Universit\"at Rostock, Germany, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, M.I.T., ANSALDO Ricerche, Italy, Columbia Univeristy, Consorzio RFX, Euratom-Enea Association, Padova, Italy, ORNL, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear, IST, Portugal, SSTD, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Poland, DCTI, Instituto Superior de Ciencias do Trabalho e da Empresa, Portugal, GENAO, Chavchavadze State U, M.Nodia Inst. of Geophys., U of Wisconsin, UT Austin, IFS, EPFL CRPP, Switzerland, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Max-Planck Institute fur Plasmaphysik, National Fusion Research Institute, Berkeley Research Associates, Springfield, VA, LCP-FD, NRL, Washington, DC, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, Washington, DC, ARTEP, Inc., Ellicott City, MD, Institut de recherche d'Hydro-Quebec, Naval Research Laboratory, Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Christian-Albrechts-University zu Kiel, Physics Department, Rollins College, White Park, FL 32789, Physics Department, Auburn University, 206 Allison Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36849, U. of Texas at Austin, PPPL, Princeton, Laboratory for Laser Energetics and FSC, U. of Rochester, FAR-TECH, Inc., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Columbia University, Lehigh U., HyperV Technologies Corporation, HyperV Technologies, Hyper V Technologies, Voss Scientific, Consultant, Naval Research Laboratory, Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, CEA-DAM, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Alameda Applied Sciences Corp., San Leandro, CA, ITHPP, 46500 Thegra, France, Consultant, Philomath, OR, Centre d'Etudes de Gramat, 46500 Gramat, France, Consultant, San Diego, CA, LLE, MIT, Los Alamos National Lab, Ohio Wesleyan Univ., Univ. Nevada Reno, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550-9234, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, MA, 02139, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, 08543, Ohio Wesleyan University, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Chicago, U. Buenos Aires, University of Delaware, Space Science Center, University of New Hampshire, State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, University of New Hampshire, University of California, Berkeley, PPPL, New York University, EURATOM-UKAEA, Fusion Assocation, Culham Science Center, Abingdon, UK, CRIOTEC Impianti, Italy, ENEA, Italy, Iwamura Electric Co, Osaka, Japan, Pontocho College of Art and Science, Kyoto, Japan, LBNL, Univ. of Colorado, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, University of Kansas, University Of Kansas, Rice University, University of Wisconsin - Madison, University of California, Los Angeles, Warwick University, UK, UCI CA 92697, UCSD CA 92093, ANU, Canberra, ACT 2602 Australia, CRPP-EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, UCLA, CMPD, USC, SLAC, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, School of EEE, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Department of Physics, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratory, University of Southern California, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fus\~ao Nuclear, Instituto Superior T\'ecnico, Lisboa, Portugal, Cornell University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado and Tech-X Corp., Boulder, CO, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado, Air Force Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Calabazas Creek Research, Inc., MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, CEA-DSM, University of Texas, University of Arizona, Florida State University, Nevada Terawatt Facility, University of Nevada, Reno, IPP Garching, Nova Photonics, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton University, CMSO, PPPL, Cal State San Marcos, Princeton Univ., LANL, Wheaton College, IPP, Garching, ETH-Zurich, ETH Zurich, Max-Planck-institut fuer Plasmaphysik, UW Madison, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, University of Rochester, University of Wisconsin, Center for Magnetic-Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas, University of New Mexico, Naval Research Lab, UCLA Basic Plasma Science Facility, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, West Virginia University, Kwangwoon University, PSM INC, University of Colorado, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, Weizmann Institute of Science, National Securities Technologies, ISSI, inc., WVU, UES, inc., AFRL, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, LPGP Orsay, TU Darmstadt, UCLM Ciudar Real, IPCP Chernogolovka, MISDC of VNIIFTRI Mendeleevo, SAIC/NRL, Shandong University/Chinese Academy of Science Beijing/LULI, Osaka University, CEA, LULI Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratoire pour l Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (Ecole Polytechnique) - CEA, Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab., Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, NY, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, Geneseo, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, UC Riverside, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, University of Colorado at Boulder, Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas at Austin, U.C.S.D., France-Japan Magnetic Fusion Laboratory LIA 336 CNRS, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Center for Astrophysics and Space Science, UCSD, University of California, Irvine, Institute for Fusion Studies, National Institute for Fusion Science, EURATOM Risoe National Laboratory Denmark, Euratom-ENEA-CNR,Italy, LMD-IPSL-CNRS, Normale Sup\'erieure Paris, University of Washington, Prairie View A\&M University, University of Hyogo, Gunma Univ., Univ. of Hyogo, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, Univ. of Washington, UW-Madison, Florida A\&M Univ., UC Berkeley, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, University of Nevada Reno, NV, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, NumerEx LLC, Albuquerque, NM, SAIC, Albuquerque, NM, Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM, Haverford College, Jacobs Univ., EURATOM, Belgium, EURATOM/UKAEA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Nova Photonics, Inc, U. Texas, ORISE, NFRI, General Atomics, USA, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, USA, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, U. Toronto, University of Toronto, University of York, UK, Georgia Tech, ASIPP, IPR, EURATOM/CEA, University of California-Los Angeles, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT, University of Texas-Austin, Lehigh University, UKAEA, Columbia U., U. Tulsa, FSC \& LLE, Univ. Rochester, SAIC, PSFC, MIT, NCRN, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, FSC, U. of Rochester, LLE, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, Imperial College, FOCUS Center, CUOS, U. of M., Rice Uni., University of Maryland, Princeton Plasma Physics laboratory (PPPL), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, U.K., P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow, Russia, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France, CEA-DIF, Arpajon, France, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, UCLA and LLNL, AWE Aldermaston, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, CEA/DIF, Bruyeres le Chatel - 91297 Arpajon Cedex, AWE, GA, MIT-PSFC, MIT PSFC, ITER Organization, NFRC, Korea, U C Davis, FRC-UTA, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Icarus Research Inc., Berkeley Research Inc., CEA Saclay - France, LULI - France, Hebrew Univ., Dept. of Physics, Ntl. Central Univ., Jhongli, Taiwan, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological Univ., Singapore, Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, LULI, Duke University, GWU, Argonne National Laboratory, The George Washington University, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, George Washington University, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea, SaTReC Initiative, Daejeon, Korea, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Institute of Space, Astrophysical and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Auburn University, Kyushu Univ., Tohoku Univ., SPbSU, UES/WVU, Institute of Physics Belgrade, Max Planck Institute of Extraterrestrial Physics, University of Liverpool, Max-Planck-Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany, Florida A\&M University, Florida A\&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Assoc. \& Imperial College, EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Assoc., The University of Manchester, U. Wisc.-Madison, UC-Irvine, U. Texas-Austin, Consorzio RFX, FZ-Juelich, U. Wisc., IPP, NYU, MPI, FZJ, IPP-Garching, U. Col.-Boulder, Hiroshima U., PPPL, and the NSTX Team., U. of Colorado, Lodestar Research Corporation, Czech Institute of Plasma Physics, CompX, UC Irvine, U. of Tulsa, UCI, UW, Purdue University, SNL, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, Consorzio RFX, Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla Fusione, Padova, Italy, Consorzio RFX, Associazione EURATOM-ENEA sulla fusione, C.so Stati Uniti 4 35127, Padova, Italy, Consorzio RFX, Euratom-ENEA Association, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova - Italy, UW - Madison, UW- Madison, Wheaton College, CMSO, MST, UW-Madison and CMSO, University of Wisconsin, Madison, RFX, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisboa, Portugal, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, SFA Inc., Ohio Northern University, LLE, UR, NY, NSTec STL, CA, AWE, UK, LANL, NM, UNR, RSI, SFA, ARTEP, NRL, Polymath Research, Lodestar, LULI, CNRS UMR 7605, Univ. Pierre et Marie Curie, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, CEA-DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France, Centre de Physique Theorique, CNRS UMR 7644, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, Max-Planck-Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Assoziation, University of California San Diego, URN, Ohio Westleyn University, University Nevada Reno, ILE, Osaka Univ., Japan, Grad. school of Eng., Osaka Univ., Japan, Heinrich Heine Univ., Germany, LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, France, School of Math. and Phy., The Queen`s Univ. of Belfast, UK, VNIIFTRI, Moscow Region, Russia, Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, P.N. Lebedev Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow, Russia, Central Laser Facility, STFC, Chilton, Didcot, UK, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, National Key Laboratory of Laser Fusion, Reseach Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, INRS-EMT, Varennes, QC, Canada, LLE, University of Rochester, Department of Physics, MIT, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, UCSD, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Michigan Univ., USA, UCSD, USA, NIFS, Japan, Columbia Universoty, LANL, USA, NFRI, Korea, POSTECH, Korea, Columbia University, USA, RF Sci DAC, Xenogen, Culham Science Centre, UCB, PPL, Culham Sci. Centre, EURATOM CEA, GA Tech, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Wittenberg Univ., RPI, Seoul National University, Laboratory for Laser energetics, Wheaton College, NUF, PPPL, PPPL, Princeton University, University Kiel, LAM Research Corporation, Kentech Instruments, KAERI, Lawrence University, Hampton University, St. Peters College, Department of Energy, Washington, DC 20585 USA, Sandia National Laboratories, NM 87123 USA, JNL Scientific, Casa Grande, AZ 85222 USA, University of Nevada at Reno, NV 89557, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, National Nuclear Security Administration, Imperial College London, Sandia National Labs, CLF, RAL, Paris Observatoire, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185-1193, USA, Max Planck Inst. Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilian Univ. Munich, Los Alamos National Lab., LOA, Ecole Polytechnique, France, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, UK, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London SW7 2AZ, UK, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, National Fusion Research Insititute, IPP-Garching, Euratom Assoc., Germany, Italy, Politecnico Torino, Italy, Ignitor-Piacenza, Italy, Politecnico di Torino, Italy, Edison, Milan (Italy), Columbus, Genoa (Italy), SALENTEC, Lecce, Italy, Universit\`a di Lecce, Italy, Institute for High Current Electronics, CREATE, Italy, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Univ. Tokyo, Nihon Univ., Royal Military Academy, Brussels, Belgium, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, University of Texas at Austin, Fusion Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, AIST, Japan, MIT-PSFC, Massachusetts, USA, PPPL, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, Nova Photonics, New Jersey, USA, Princeton U., CRPP-EPFL, Association EURATOM - Conf\'{e}d\'{e}ration Suisse, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Lehigh U, Tech-X Corp, Tech-X, Univ. of California at San Diego, Paratools Inc, ANL, Texh-X Corporation, University of California, Irvine, USA, General Atomics, San Diego, USA, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Italy, RIAM, Kyushu University, University of Colorado, Boulder, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1609, CIMS, New York University, Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA, Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, University of Nevada, Reno: Nevada Terawatt Facility, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, SFA, Inc. and Auburn University, CEA Cadarache, DSM/DRFC, Saint Paul lez Durance, France, UNH, UKAEA Fusion, Culham, UK, University of Texas, Austin, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kindom, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA, Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, Swedish Defence Research Agency, Physics Department, Auburn University, 206 Allison Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36849-5311, SFA Inc., Crofton MD, US Naval Research Lab, Washington DC, William \& Mary, Dept of Physics, UCLA, Zhejiang University, MIT, PSFC, Swarthmore College, CMSO, PPPL, Princeton University, Center for Integrated Computation and Analysis of Reconnection and Turbulence (CICART), University of New Hampshire, U. of Iowa, Dipartimento di Fisica Universita di Pisa, Burning Plasma Research Group Politecnico di Torino, CEA/DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, Commissariat a l`Energie Atomique, IOQ, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena, Germany, Max-Planck-Instiut fur Quanten Optik, Garching, Germany, CLF, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, U.K., Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, U.K., Ohio Wesleyn University, Forschungszentrum Dresden, Maximilian-Ludwig University, Maximilian-Ludwig Univeristy, Forschungzentrum Dresden, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA-DIF, U. Alberta, Ohio State U., Texas Center for High Intensity Laser Science, University of Texas at Austin, Institut f\"ur Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universit\"at, D\"usseldorf, Germany, Institute for Laser and Plasmaphysics, Heinrich-Heine-University, D\"usseldorf, Germany, UA, Edmonton, Alberta, MIT, Cambridge, MA, UCSD, San Diego, CA, LLNL, Livermore, CA, OSU, Columbus, OH, UC Davis, Ohio State University, U. of California, San Diego, RAL, CEA Cadarache, ERM/KMS Brussels, Euratom/UKAEA, EPFL, University of Maryland, College Park, Aerospace and Energetics Research Program, University of Washington, USU, TechX, Center for Magnetic-Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, University of Wisconsin, Consorzio RFX and CNR, Conzorzio RFX, Physics Department and IFS, The University of Texas at Austin, Brigham Young University, Budker Inst., Utah State University, Lodestar Research Corp, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, USA, ETSII - UCLM, Campus s/n Ciudad Real, Spain, Berkeley Research Associates, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, CEA Centre DAM - Ile de France Bruyeres le Chatel F-91297 Arpajon cedex, France, Setsunan Univ., National Inst. Fusion Sci., Grad. School. Eng., Osaka Univ., Inst. Laser Eng., Osaka Univ., Univ. Politecnica Madrid, U.Washington, ORISE/ORNL, Johns Hopkins University, IPP-Greifswald, Physics Department, Auburn University, Physics Department, University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, HSX Plasma Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA, HSX Plasma Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA, University of Warwick, U.K., HSX Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA, Kyushu University, JAEA, Yamaguchi University, PSI-Center, University of Washington, PSI-Center - Univ of Washington, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, and Utah State Univ AND ICC COLLABORATORS, CCS-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, HPC-5, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Numerex, SAIC-AFRL, AFRL-Kirtland, Univ. Nevada-Reno, Univ. New Mexico, NumerEx, Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, DOE/NNSA, Berkeley Scholars, Inc., Ktech Corporation, NNSA, DOE Headquarters, Imperial College, London, UK, Observatoire de Paris, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Rice U., AWE Comm., Chinese Academy of Sciences, Marine Geosciences Division, NRL, Stennis, MS, Research Support Instruments, Inc., Lanham, MD, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, Berkeley, Princeton, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, U. St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisbon, Portugal, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, JNL Scientific, Casa Grande, AZ 85222, Kyoto University, Japan
C.K. Li**

Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ecole Normale Superieur, Universite de Provence, Marseille, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Ecole Central de Lyon, Peking University, UCLA, General Atomics, Tech-X Corporation, University of California- Los Angeles, University of Iowa, UCSD, Boston College, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, CEA/DAM/Cesta, University of Tulsa, LLNL, LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, Sandia National Laboratories, University of Oxford, The Univ. of Iowa, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Nuclear Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, Institut f\"ur Physik, Universit\"at Rostock, Germany, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, M.I.T., ANSALDO Ricerche, Italy, Columbia Univeristy, Consorzio RFX, Euratom-Enea Association, Padova, Italy, ORNL, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear, IST, Portugal, SSTD, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Poland, DCTI, Instituto Superior de Ciencias do Trabalho e da Empresa, Portugal, GENAO, Chavchavadze State U, M.Nodia Inst. of Geophys., U of Wisconsin, UT Austin, IFS, EPFL CRPP, Switzerland, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Max-Planck Institute fur Plasmaphysik, National Fusion Research Institute, Berkeley Research Associates, Springfield, VA, LCP-FD, NRL, Washington, DC, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, Washington, DC, ARTEP, Inc., Ellicott City, MD, Institut de recherche d'Hydro-Quebec, Naval Research Laboratory, Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Christian-Albrechts-University zu Kiel, Physics Department, Rollins College, White Park, FL 32789, Physics Department, Auburn University, 206 Allison Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36849, U. of Texas at Austin, PPPL, Princeton, Laboratory for Laser Energetics and FSC, U. of Rochester, FAR-TECH, Inc., Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Columbia University, Lehigh U., HyperV Technologies Corporation, HyperV Technologies, Hyper V Technologies, Voss Scientific, Consultant, Naval Research Laboratory, Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, CEA-DAM, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Alameda Applied Sciences Corp., San Leandro, CA, ITHPP, 46500 Thegra, France, Consultant, Philomath, OR, Centre d'Etudes de Gramat, 46500 Gramat, France, Consultant, San Diego, CA, LLE, MIT, Los Alamos National Lab, Ohio Wesleyan Univ., Univ. Nevada Reno, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550-9234, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, MA, 02139, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, 08543, Ohio Wesleyan University, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, U. of Rochester, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Chicago, U. Buenos Aires, University of Delaware, Space Science Center, University of New Hampshire, State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, University of New Hampshire, University of California, Berkeley, PPPL, New York University, EURATOM-UKAEA, Fusion Assocation, Culham Science Center, Abingdon, UK, CRIOTEC Impianti, Italy, ENEA, Italy, Iwamura Electric Co, Osaka, Japan, Pontocho College of Art and Science, Kyoto, Japan, LBNL, Univ. of Colorado, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, University of Kansas, University Of Kansas, Rice University, University of Wisconsin - Madison, University of California, Los Angeles, Warwick University, UK, UCI CA 92697, UCSD CA 92093, ANU, Canberra, ACT 2602 Australia, CRPP-EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, UCLA, CMPD, USC, SLAC, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, School of EEE, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Department of Physics, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratory, University of Southern California, GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fus\~ao Nuclear, Instituto Superior T\'ecnico, Lisboa, Portugal, Cornell University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado and Tech-X Corp., Boulder, CO, Center for Integrated Plasma Studies, University of Colorado, Air Force Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Calabazas Creek Research, Inc., MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, CEA-DSM, University of Texas, University of Arizona, Florida State University, Nevada Terawatt Facility, University of Nevada, Reno, IPP Garching, Nova Photonics, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton University, CMSO, PPPL, Cal State San Marcos, Princeton Univ., LANL, Wheaton College, IPP, Garching, ETH-Zurich, ETH Zurich, Max-Planck-institut fuer Plasmaphysik, UW Madison, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, University of Rochester, University of Wisconsin, Center for Magnetic-Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas, University of New Mexico, Naval Research Lab, UCLA Basic Plasma Science Facility, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, West Virginia University, Kwangwoon University, PSM INC, University of Colorado, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, Weizmann Institute of Science, National Securities Technologies, ISSI, inc., WVU, UES, inc., AFRL, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, LPGP Orsay, TU Darmstadt, UCLM Ciudar Real, IPCP Chernogolovka, MISDC of VNIIFTRI Mendeleevo, SAIC/NRL, Shandong University/Chinese Academy of Science Beijing/LULI, Osaka University, CEA, LULI Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratoire pour l Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (Ecole Polytechnique) - CEA, Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab., Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, NY, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, Geneseo, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, UC Riverside, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, University of Colorado at Boulder, Institute for Fusion Studies, University of Texas at Austin, U.C.S.D., France-Japan Magnetic Fusion Laboratory LIA 336 CNRS, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Center for Astrophysics and Space Science, UCSD, University of California, Irvine, Institute for Fusion Studies, National Institute for Fusion Science, EURATOM Risoe National Laboratory Denmark, Euratom-ENEA-CNR,Italy, LMD-IPSL-CNRS, Normale Sup\'erieure Paris, University of Washington, Prairie View A\&M University, University of Hyogo, Gunma Univ., Univ. of Hyogo, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, Univ. of Washington, UW-Madison, Florida A\&M Univ., UC Berkeley, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, University of Nevada Reno, NV, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, NumerEx LLC, Albuquerque, NM, SAIC, Albuquerque, NM, Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM, Haverford College, Jacobs Univ., EURATOM, Belgium, EURATOM/UKAEA, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Nova Photonics, Inc, U. Texas, ORISE, NFRI, General Atomics, USA, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, USA, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, National Fusion Research Institute, Korea, U. Toronto, University of Toronto, University of York, UK, Georgia Tech, ASIPP, IPR, EURATOM/CEA, University of California-Los Angeles, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT, University of Texas-Austin, Lehigh University, UKAEA, Columbia U., U. Tulsa, FSC \& LLE, Univ. Rochester, SAIC, PSFC, MIT, NCRN, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, FSC, U. of Rochester, LLE, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, Imperial College, FOCUS Center, CUOS, U. of M., Rice Uni., University of Maryland, Princeton Plasma Physics laboratory (PPPL), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, U.K., P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow, Russia, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France, CEA-DIF, Arpajon, France, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, UCLA and LLNL, AWE Aldermaston, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, CEA/DIF, Bruyeres le Chatel - 91297 Arpajon Cedex, AWE, GA, MIT-PSFC, MIT PSFC, ITER Organization, NFRC, Korea, U C Davis, FRC-UTA, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Icarus Research Inc., Berkeley Research Inc., CEA Saclay - France, LULI - France, Hebrew Univ., Dept. of Physics, Ntl. Central Univ., Jhongli, Taiwan, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological Univ., Singapore, Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, LULI, Duke University, GWU, Argonne National Laboratory, The George Washington University, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, George Washington University, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea, SaTReC Initiative, Daejeon, Korea, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Institute of Space, Astrophysical and Plasma Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Auburn University, Kyushu Univ., Tohoku Univ., SPbSU, UES/WVU, Institute of Physics Belgrade, Max Planck Institute of Extraterrestrial Physics, University of Liverpool, Max-Planck-Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany, Florida A\&M University, Florida A\&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Assoc. \& Imperial College, EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Assoc., The University of Manchester, U. Wisc.-Madison, UC-Irvine, U. Texas-Austin, Consorzio RFX, FZ-Juelich, U. Wisc., IPP, NYU, MPI, FZJ, IPP-Garching, U. Col.-Boulder, Hiroshima U., PPPL, and the NSTX Team., U. of Colorado, Lodestar Research Corporation, Czech Institute of Plasma Physics, CompX, UC Irvine, U. of Tulsa, UCI, UW, Purdue University, SNL, Consorzio RFX, Padova, Italy, Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, NJ 08543, Consorzio RFX, Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla Fusione, Padova, Italy, Consorzio RFX, Associazione EURATOM-ENEA sulla fusione, C.so Stati Uniti 4 35127, Padova, Italy, Consorzio RFX, Euratom-ENEA Association, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova - Italy, UW - Madison, UW- Madison, Wheaton College, CMSO, MST, UW-Madison and CMSO, University of Wisconsin, Madison, RFX, GoLP/IPFN, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisboa, Portugal, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, SFA Inc., Ohio Northern University, LLE, UR, NY, NSTec STL, CA, AWE, UK, LANL, NM, UNR, RSI, SFA, ARTEP, NRL, Polymath Research, Lodestar, LULI, CNRS UMR 7605, Univ. Pierre et Marie Curie, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, CEA-DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France, Centre de Physique Theorique, CNRS UMR 7644, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France, Max-Planck-Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Assoziation, University of California San Diego, URN, Ohio Westleyn University, University Nevada Reno, ILE, Osaka Univ., Japan, Grad. school of Eng., Osaka Univ., Japan, Heinrich Heine Univ., Germany, LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, France, School of Math. and Phy., The Queen`s Univ. of Belfast, UK, VNIIFTRI, Moscow Region, Russia, Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, P.N. Lebedev Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow, Russia, Central Laser Facility, STFC, Chilton, Didcot, UK, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, National Key Laboratory of Laser Fusion, Reseach Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP, INRS-EMT, Varennes, QC, Canada, LLE, University of Rochester, Department of Physics, MIT, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, UCSD, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Michigan Univ., USA, UCSD, USA, NIFS, Japan, Columbia Universoty, LANL, USA, NFRI, Korea, POSTECH, Korea, Columbia University, USA, RF Sci DAC, Xenogen, Culham Science Centre, UCB, PPL, Culham Sci. Centre, EURATOM CEA, GA Tech, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Wittenberg Univ., RPI, Seoul National University, Laboratory for Laser energetics, Wheaton College, NUF, PPPL, PPPL, Princeton University, University Kiel, LAM Research Corporation, Kentech Instruments, KAERI, Lawrence University, Hampton University, St. Peters College, Department of Energy, Washington, DC 20585 USA, Sandia National Laboratories, NM 87123 USA, JNL Scientific, Casa Grande, AZ 85222 USA, University of Nevada at Reno, NV 89557, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, National Nuclear Security Administration, Imperial College London, Sandia National Labs, CLF, RAL, Paris Observatoire, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185-1193, USA, Max Planck Inst. Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilian Univ. Munich, Los Alamos National Lab., LOA, Ecole Polytechnique, France, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, UK, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London SW7 2AZ, UK, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, National Fusion Research Insititute, IPP-Garching, Euratom Assoc., Germany, Italy, Politecnico Torino, Italy, Ignitor-Piacenza, Italy, Politecnico di Torino, Italy, Edison, Milan (Italy), Columbus, Genoa (Italy), SALENTEC, Lecce, Italy, Universit\`a di Lecce, Italy, Institute for High Current Electronics, CREATE, Italy, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Univ. Tokyo, Nihon Univ., Royal Military Academy, Brussels, Belgium, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, University of Texas at Austin, Fusion Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, AIST, Japan, MIT-PSFC, Massachusetts, USA, PPPL, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, Nova Photonics, New Jersey, USA, Princeton U., CRPP-EPFL, Association EURATOM - Conf\'{e}d\'{e}ration Suisse, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Lehigh U, Tech-X Corp, Tech-X, Univ. of California at San Diego, Paratools Inc, ANL, Texh-X Corporation, University of California, Irvine, USA, General Atomics, San Diego, USA, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Italy, RIAM, Kyushu University, University of Colorado, Boulder, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1609, CIMS, New York University, Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA, Center for Beam Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, University of Nevada, Reno: Nevada Terawatt Facility, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, SFA, Inc. and Auburn University, CEA Cadarache, DSM/DRFC, Saint Paul lez Durance, France, UNH, UKAEA Fusion, Culham, UK, University of Texas, Austin, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kindom, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA, Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, Swedish Defence Research Agency, Physics Department, Auburn University, 206 Allison Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36849-5311, SFA Inc., Crofton MD, US Naval Research Lab, Washington DC, William \& Mary, Dept of Physics, UCLA, Zhejiang University, MIT, PSFC, Swarthmore College, CMSO, PPPL, Princeton University, Center for Integrated Computation and Analysis of Reconnection and Turbulence (CICART), University of New Hampshire, U. of Iowa, Dipartimento di Fisica Universita di Pisa, Burning Plasma Research Group Politecnico di Torino, CEA/DIF, 91297 Arpajon, France, Commissariat a l`Energie Atomique, IOQ, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena, Germany, Max-Planck-Instiut fur Quanten Optik, Garching, Germany, CLF, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon, U.K., Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BZ, U.K., Ohio Wesleyn University, Forschungszentrum Dresden, Maximilian-Ludwig University, Maximilian-Ludwig Univeristy, Forschungzentrum Dresden, University of Nevada, Reno, CEA-DIF, U. Alberta, Ohio State U., Texas Center for High Intensity Laser Science, University of Texas at Austin, Institut f\"ur Theoretische Physik I, Heinrich-Heine-Universit\"at, D\"usseldorf, Germany, Institute for Laser and Plasmaphysics, Heinrich-Heine-University, D\"usseldorf, Germany, UA, Edmonton, Alberta, MIT, Cambridge, MA, UCSD, San Diego, CA, LLNL, Livermore, CA, OSU, Columbus, OH, UC Davis, Ohio State University, U. of California, San Diego, RAL, CEA Cadarache, ERM/KMS Brussels, Euratom/UKAEA, EPFL, University of Maryland, College Park, Aerospace and Energetics Research Program, University of Washington, USU, TechX, Center for Magnetic-Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, University of Wisconsin, Consorzio RFX and CNR, Conzorzio RFX, Physics Department and IFS, The University of Texas at Austin, Brigham Young University, Budker Inst., Utah State University, Lodestar Research Corp, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, USA, ETSII - UCLM, Campus s/n Ciudad Real, Spain, Berkeley Research Associates, Plasma Physics Division, NRL, CEA Centre DAM - Ile de France Bruyeres le Chatel F-91297 Arpajon cedex, France, Setsunan Univ., National Inst. Fusion Sci., Grad. School. Eng., Osaka Univ., Inst. Laser Eng., Osaka Univ., Univ. Politecnica Madrid, U.Washington, ORISE/ORNL, Johns Hopkins University, IPP-Greifswald, Physics Department, Auburn University, Physics Department, University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, HSX Plasma Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA, HSX Plasma Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA, University of Warwick, U.K., HSX Laboratory, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA, Kyushu University, JAEA, Yamaguchi University, PSI-Center, University of Washington, PSI-Center - Univ of Washington, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, and Utah State Univ AND ICC COLLABORATORS, CCS-2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, HPC-5, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Numerex, SAIC-AFRL, AFRL-Kirtland, Univ. Nevada-Reno, Univ. New Mexico, NumerEx, Laboratory of Plasma Studies, Cornell University, DOE/NNSA, Berkeley Scholars, Inc., Ktech Corporation, NNSA, DOE Headquarters, Imperial College, London, UK, Observatoire de Paris, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Rice U., AWE Comm., Chinese Academy of Sciences, Marine Geosciences Division, NRL, Stennis, MS, Research Support Instruments, Inc., Lanham, MD, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, Berkeley, Princeton, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, U. St Andrews, St Andrews, UK, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisbon, Portugal, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, JNL Scientific, Casa Grande, AZ 85222, Kyoto University, Japan