Velocity Filtration (VF), Coronae and Winds

The approach of VF for coronal winds is \textit{not} built on a presumption of an equation of state for the underlying coronal plasma; all moments are retained as VF addresses the classes of velocity space access of assumed non-thermal boundary distributions in the coherent forces of gravity, magnetic field, and electric field. The principal virtues of velocity filtration are: 1) Coronal inversion of to millions of degrees above 5000K chromosphere of scale height 180km - \textit{without ad hoc} wave damping or momentum addition; 2) Heating of coronal loops organized by altitude; temperature and density anti-correlated; 3) Sustained increase of temperature with height beyond the sonic point required to produce fast winds; 4) Recovers Parker's (1958) range of slopes of temperature profiles at the sonic point that make supersonic wind possible; 5) Predicts asymptotic wind speeds in terms of the suprathermal tail index at the inner boundary condition; 6) Parallel electric field at Parker's critical point is essentially the Dreicer limit, undercutting a Chapman-Enskog closure; 7) Minor ions are heated proportional to charge to mass ratio; 8) All stars with bound atmospheres on the ZAMS should have coronae and winds, thus accounting for their common occurrence; 9) Inhomogeneity, gravity and speed dependence of collisions are the essential seeds of VF, coronae and Parker winds; 10) VF is \textbf{f}=m\textbf{a} in the form of df/dt=0 with collisions as a correction.