Parton Fragmentation in Hard Processes

Measurements featuring identified target fragmentation hadrons can yield significant insights into various areas of hadronic physics: nucleon tomography and quark orbital angular momentum, examined through Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) and Transverse Momentum dependent parton Distribution functions (TMDs), quark hadronization in the nuclear medium, hadron spectroscopy, the quest for exotic mesons, along with parton distributions and fragmentation functions. The ensuing dramatic improvement in the knowledge of hadronic fragmentation is an important ingredient in the global analysis of the nucleon structure from semi-inclusive Deep-Inelastic-Scattering and p-p collision data. Thus, contributing in a unique way to the challenge of understanding how partons build up all intrinsic properties of the nucleon. During this discussion, I will provide a summary of the latest techniques, findings, and emerging trends in hadron fragmentation, with particular emphasis on the proton