Nucleon Parton Distribution Functions from Boosted Correlations in the Coulomb Gauge

Recently, a novel approach has been suggested to compute parton distributions through the use of boosted correlators fixed in the Coulomb gauge from lattice QCD, within the framework of Large-Momentum Effective Theory (LaMET). This approach circumvents the need for Wilson lines, potentially enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of lattice QCD calculations significantly. In this study, we implement the Coulomb gauge method to calculate the unpolarized and helicity parton distribution functions (PDFs) of nucleons. Following a careful investigation of the excited state contamination and various systematic uncertainties, we provide final results of the nucleon PDFs obtained from lattice calculations, which show compatibility with global fits. This research also serves as a benchmark for future broader applications of the Coulomb gauge method, particularly in the computation of transverse-momentum-dependent distributions.