Mass Effects in Heavy Flavor Jet Substructure

Heavy-flavor-tagged jets provide a controlled setting to study the mass dependence of parton energy loss and the mechanisms of jet quenching for charm and beauty quarks. I will begin with an overview of the current understanding of heavy-flavor jet quenching, emphasizing open questions and new directions. I will then discuss how energy correlators, a systematically defined class of observables, provide a versatile framework for investigating intrinsic mass effects in jet substructure in both proton–proton and heavy-ion collisions. This approach naturally incorporates the masses of heavy quarks and makes it possible to explore their influence on radiation patterns and the transition between different dynamical regimes. I will show comparisons of light-and heavy-flavor energy correlators to emphasize their sensitivity to mass effects, including phenomena such as the dead-cone effect. I will conclude with an outlook on how this framework can be applied to future measurements at the LHC and RHIC to advance our understanding of heavy-quark dynamics in the quark–gluon plasma.