Calculating Centrality and Geometric Quantities of High Energy Particles in Nuclear Collisions Using the Glauber Monte Carlo Model

In order to understand the nucleus-nucleus overlap in relativistic heavy ioncollisions, the Glauber Monte Carlo (GMC) is used to simulate the collisions be-tween the nucleons and the resulting particle production. We use this approachto explore the collective number of incident nucleons that participate in a spe-cific nuclear interaction and the shape of the overlap between these nuclei. Thisstudy used the GMC to generate a series of nuclei collisions of different impactparameters (b), where for each collision, the distribution of nucleons withinthe nuclei was determined via the Wood-Saxon distribution. The number ofbinary nucleon collision (Nbin) and the number of participants (Npart) were de-termined for each simulated collision. A particle production model, negativebinomial distribution (NBD) was incorporated with the GMC as a measure forcentrality to simulate the production of charge particles for Au + Au and O+ O (√SNN= 14.5 GeV and 200 GeV) respectively to the impact parameter.The latter was directly compared with experimental data from the SolenoidalTracker at RHIC (STAR) to determine centrality based on particle multiplicityat forward Pseudo rapidity (η).Finally, the results from this study are used to determined momentum dis-tributions for the total charged particles produced and to calculate eccentricitywhich is relevant for measuring the shape of various collisions across differentevent classes and elliptic flow of heavy ion mesons. These particles hold relevantinformation on the initial conditions of heavy ion collisions and are importantto understand the properties of the dense state of matter Quark Gluon Plasma(QGP) in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)