Compound impacts of PV array configurations on boundary layer flow generated over e-type roughness elements

Solar photovoltaics (PV) are vulnerable to high winds and excessive heating, making them susceptible to a shorter panel life. Previous studies show that individual configuration features such as tilt, wind direction, and spacing, separately alter turbulence around the panel and flow surrounding the entire array. However, there is little knowledge about the combined effects of these changes and their compounding impacts on plant-scale interactions. This study explores the interactions of PV turbulence - highlighting the consequences of the unique elevated roughness type (e-type) of large-scale PV systems on boundary layer flow. Experiments in Portland State University’s wind tunnel consider model PV arrays subjected to various panel spacing, tilt and inflow conditions. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is used to get velocity data near the panels and surrounding flow to show the changes caused by the different configurations. Overall, this work informs both system-scale dynamics for PV systems and fundamental features of e-type canopy flows.