Mathematical Modeling of Bubble Formation and Dynamics in Flow Streams and Porous Media

Mathematical modeling can play a crucial role in optimizing the performance of multi-phase chemical and electrochemical reaction systems. This work focuses on systems in which fluid streams, containing dissolved gases or dispersed gas bubbles, flow adjacent to thin, flat porous media composed of materials with diverse surface energy characteristics. At the interface between the flowing fluid and the porous media surface, chemical and electrochemical reactions take place. Consequently, the more surface is wetted, the more reaction occurs, leading to the formation of gas bubbles. The bubbles reduce the surface area of the porous material in contact with the liquid phase, introducing additional electrical resistance to the charge transport through the porous medium. Such interfacial dynamics can impact the efficiency of these systems both positively and negatively. The objective of this study is to understand the dynamics of bubble interactions and dissolved gases within porous materials with the aim of optimizing processes and flow configuration designs, thereby maximizing the overall efficiency of these electrochemical reaction systems.