A comprehensive analysis of flow behavior on superhydrophobic surfaces in Taylor-Couette flow

Superhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs) have shown their potential for drag reduction in various flow conditions. However, a comprehensive understanding of the flow behavior and underlying physics on SHSs in various flow regimes remains elusive. In this work, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of SHSs in Taylor-Couette flow by simulation and experiment. We conducted computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation based on Navier's slip model with two numerical methods, including unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) and large eddy simulation (LES). In addition, we employed Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) to visualize flow patterns and phenomena using a custom-designed flow cell coupled with a Taylor-Couette apparatus. The PIV measurements were used to validate the numerical simulations, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the flow behavior on SHSs. We investigated the differences in flow patterns, vortex formation, and the Reynolds stress tensor between smooth surface and flat SHS. These findings offer deeper insights into the flow behavior on SHSs in Taylor-Couette flow that may be used to guide the design and optimization of fluid flow systems incorporating SHSs, ultimately enhancing their performance and efficiency.