Particle-resolved and Euler-Lagrange simulations of shock interaction with particle clusters using MFC

Shock propagation through a random distribution of particles is a problem of substantial importance in many engineering and environmental applications. In this work we compare the results of particle-resolved simulations performed with the exascale code MFC with companion Euler-Lagrange (EL) point-particle simulations. While the EL simulations are substantially cheaper their accuracy depends on the force coupling and Reynolds stress closure models being used. Here we use the state-of-the-art force model developed recently that includes quasi-steady, added-mass, and history force contributions to test its ability to reproduce the complex shock particle interactions observed in the particle-resolved simulations. The importance of simultaneous modeling of subgrid Reynolds stress closure is also investigated.