Elucidating Seismic Attenuation through Simulative Analysis of elastic wave in saturated rock

Seismic wave attenuation in rocks is predominantly influenced by fluid flow and mesoscopic losses generated by seismic activity. P-waves induce variations in fluid pressure at mesoscopic-scale inhomogeneities, larger than pore sizes but smaller than wavelengths, causing fluid movement and slow diffusion. In general, there are two detailed microscopic models of viscous dissipation: one for a highly elongate, partially fluid-filled crack, which achieves peak attenuation at seismic frequencies, and another for a moderately elongate, fully saturated pore, offering a more practical analysis approach and the focus of this work. Understanding elastic wave propagation in water-saturated porous media is crucial for various scientific and engineering applications. By integrating Darcy's law with Biot's theory of poroelasticity, we delve into the dynamic interactions between the solid matrix and pore fluid. Darcy's law introduces viscous damping due to fluid flow resistance, leading to energy dissipation and wave attenuation. Factors such as fluid properties, permeability, and wave frequency play a critical role in influencing wave velocity and modes, including compressional waves (P-waves) and shear waves (S-waves). This comprehensive analysis enhances the predictive capabilities regarding wave behavior in saturated porous media, driving advancements in fields such as geophysics, seismology, and civil engineering.