Development and Validation of Multiphase Droplet Impact Simulation

A 3D multiphase computational model to simulate droplet impact dynamics on solid surfaces has been developed. This model aims to predict droplet spreading characteristics, of the first milliseconds after impact, based on fluid properties, surface roughness, and impact speed.

The multiphase property of the model is achieved by employing the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model to predict the movement and distribution of the interface for both gas and liquid phases.

Additionally, to accurately model the surface tension, the dynamic contact angle model has been utilized as a boundary condition. The contact angle evolution is based on the Blended-Kistler method.

Preliminary CFD results are presented. Droplet dynamics including the behavior, spread diameter and height, from simulations have been validated with experimental data.

This model is intended to be extended for more complex and realistic applications in the future, such as supercooled droplet impact to predict aircraft surface icing.